Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthefollowingtopic.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
作文题一：印象最深的活动
AAcampusactivitythathasbenefitedmost.
作文题二：印象最深的课程
Acoursethathasimpressedyoumostincollege.
作文题三:印象最深的'同学
Aclassmateofyourswhohasinfluencedyoumostincollege.
PartIIListening
SectionA
Directions：Inthissection，youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)，anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Question1
A.Themanisnotgoodatbalancinghisbudget.
B.Shewillgopurchasethegiftherself.
C.Thegiftshouldnotbetooexpensive.
D.TheyaregongingtoJaneshouse-warmingparty.
Question2
A.Heisquitewillingtogivethewomanahand.
B.Ittakespatiencetogothroughthestatistics.
C.Hehaspreparedthestatisticsforthewoman.
D.Thewomanshouldtakeacourseinstatistics.
Question3
A.Page55ismissingfromthewomansscripts.
B.Theycannotbegintheirrecordingrightaway.
C.Thewomandoesnottaketherecordingseriously.
D.Themanwantstomakesomechangesinthescripts.
Question4
A.ThedateofCarlswedding.
B.ThebirthdayofCarlsbride.
C.AsignificanteventinJuly.
D.Preparationforawedding.
Question5
A.Thewomanforgottotellthemaninadvance.
B.Themanwasabsentfromtheweeklymeeting.
C.Thewomanwasannoyedatthemansexcuse.
D.Themanwasinchargeofschedulingmeetings.
Question6
A.Thewomanisamarvelouscook.
B.Thewomanhasjustboughtanoven.
C.Themanhastoleaveinhalfanhour.
D.Themancannotwantforhismeal.
Question7
A.Howshecanbesthelptheman.
B.Wherethemangotthebadnews.
C.Whatitemssellwellinthestore.
D.Whetherthemancankeephisjob.
Question8
A.Thewomancansignupforaswimmingclass.
B.Heworksinthephysicaleducationdepartment.
C.Thewomanhasthepotentialtoswimlikeafish.
D.Hewouldliketoteachthewomanhowtoswim.
Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Question9
A.Heteachesinalawschool.
B.Helovesclassicalmusic.
C.Heisadiplomat.
D.Heisawonderfullecturer.
Question10
A.Wenttoseeaplay.
B.Watchedasoccergame.
C.Tooksomephotos.
D.Attendedadance.
Question11
A.Shedecidedtogetmarriedinthreeyears.
B.HermotherobjectedtoEric’sflyinglessons.
C.SheinsistedthatEricpursuegraduatestudies.
D.HerfathersaidshecouldmarryEricrightaway.
Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Question12
A.Editor.
B.Teacher.
C.Journalist
D.Typist.
Question13
A.ThebeautifulAmazonrainforests.
B.Anewrailwayunderconstruction.
C.BigchangesintheAmazonvalley.
D.Somenewlydiscoveredscenicspot.
Question14
A.Innewsweeklies.
B.InnewspapersSundayeditions.
C.Inalocaleveningpaper.
D.InoverseaseditionsofU.S.magazines.
Question15
A.Tobeemployedbyanewspaper.
B.Tobecomeaprofessionalwriter.
C.Tosellherarticlestoanewsservice.
选词填空
26.Hlocated
27.Oscheduled
28.Imostly
29.Nrising
30.Ccrucial
31.Lpioneer
32.Ddepend
33.Mpotential
34.Aaffardable
35.Gjust
长篇阅读
36.ChaseCareybelievesgreateruseshouldbemadeofdigitaltechnologytomakeFormulaOnemoreaccessibletoitsfans.
【答案】G
37.ChaseCareywasdeeplyimpressedbytheceremonyprecedinglastyearsMonacorace.
【答案】L
38.OofchaseCareysgoalsistomakeFormulaOnemoreappealingtoAmericans.
【答案】D
39.AformermotorbikepartsdealerledFormulaOnethepastfortyyears.
【答案】A
40.ChaseCareythoughttheaudienceofFormulaOnecoubemadetosharehisfeelingabouttherace.
【答案】M
41.ChaseCareyusedtoserveasatopadvisorforamajorbroadcastingcompany.
【答案】J
42.ChaseCareyintendstomakeconnectionseasierbetweentheaudienceandtheFormulaOneracers.
【答案】F
43.ThenewleaderofFormulaOneadmittedhewasnotsuperinterestedincarracing.
【答案】C
英语44.PeoplesopinionsdifferastowhetherFormulaOnecanbepromotedintheU.S.
【答案】H
45.Comparedwithotherracingseries,Formula语Onefocusesmoreonspeedandinvolvesmoredanger.
【答案】K
仔细阅读
PassageOne
46.Whatproblemhavesupermarketsbeenfacing
B)heyhavebeenlosingcustomersandprofits
47.Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttheideaofaself-servicegrocery
B)ItoriginatedintheUnitedStates.
48.WhatdidsupermarketsdobyadoptingtheFordistfactoryapproach
D)Theyrevolutionizedthedistributionofgoods.
49.Whatisthetypicalsupermarketlayoutintendedtodo
C)Inducecustomerstomakemoreunplannedpurchases.
50.Whathavepeoplelongfearedabout
A)Theyusetrickystrategiestopromotetheirbusiness
PassageTwo
51.A)Studentsneededtohelpwithfarmwork.
52.D)Itwillstrengthentheirrelationshipwithteachers.
53.D)Itcontributestostudentshealthygrowth.
54.A)Itdoeslittlegoodtomoststudents.
55.C)Outdated.
大学英语四级长篇阅读真题题目：
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
Food-as-MedicineMovementIsWitnessingProgress
[A]Severaltimesamonth,youcanfindadoctorintheaislesofRalph’smarketinHuntingtonBeach,California,wearingawhitecoatandhelpingpeoplelearnaboutfood.Ononerecentday,thisdoctorwasDanielNadeau,wanderingthecerealaislewithAllisonScott,givinghersomeideaonhowtofeedkidswhopersistentlyavoidanythingthatishealthy.“Haveyouthoughtabouttryingfreshjuicesinthemorning”heasksher.“Thefrozenorangesandapplesarealittlecheaper,andfruitsarereallygoodforthebrain.Juicesarequickandeasytoprepare,youcantakethefrozenfruitoutthenightbeforeandhaveitreadythenextmorning.”
[B]ScottisdelightedtogetfoodadvicefromaphysicianwhoisprogramdirectorofthenearbyMaryandDickAllenDiabetesCenter,partoftheSt.JosephHoagHealthalliance.Thecenter’s‘ShopwithYourDoc’programsendsdoctorstothegrocerystoretomeetwithanypatientswhosignupfortheservice,plusanyothershopperswhohappentobearoundwithquestions.
[C]Nadeaunoticesthepre-mademacaroni(通心粉)-and-cheeseboxesinScott’sshoppingcartandsuggestssheswitchtowholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese.“SoI’dhavetomakeit”sheasks,herenthusiasmfadingatthethoughtofhowlongthatmighttake,justtohaveherkidsrejectit.“I’mnotsurethey’deatit.Theyjustwon’teatit.”
[D]Nadeausayssugarandprocessedfoodsarebigcontributorstotherisingdiabetesratesamongchildren.“InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood,”Nadeautellsher.“Andonly5percentofourfoodisplant-basedfood.Ithinkweshouldtrytoreversethat.”Scottagreestotrymorefruitjuicesforthekidsandtomakerealmacaroniandcheese.Scoreonepointforthedoctor,zerofordiabetes.
[E]NadeauispartofasmallrevolutiondevelopingacrossCalifornia.Thefood-as-medicinemovementhasbeenaroundfordecades,butit’smakingprogressasphysiciansandmedicalinstitutionsmakefoodaformalpartoftreatment,ratherthanrelyingsolelyonmedications(药物).Byprescribingnutritionalchangesorlaunchingprogramssuchas‘ShopwithyourDoc’,theyaretryingtoprevent,limitorevenreversediseasebychangingwhatpatientseat.“There’snoquestionpeoplecantakethingsalongwaytowardreversingdiabetes,reversinghighbloodpressure,evenpreventingcancerbyfoodchoices,”Nadeausays.
[F]Inthebigpicture,saysDr.RichardAfable,CEOandpresidentofST.JosephHoagHealth,medicalinstitutionsacrossthestatearestartingtomakeaphilosophicalswitchtobecomingahealthorganization,notjustahealthcareorganization.ThatfeelingechoesthebeliefsoftheTherapeuticFoodPantryprogramatZuckerbergSanFranciscoGeneralHospital,whichcompleteditspilotphaseandisabouttoexpandonanongoingbasistofiveclinicsitesthroughoutthecity.Theprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensivetraininginhowtocookit.“Wereallywanttolinkfoodandmedicine,andnotjustgiveawayfood,”saysDr.RitaNguyen,thehospital’smedicaldirectorofHealthyFoodInitiatives.“Wewantpeopletounderstandwhatthey’reeating,howtoprepareit,therolefoodplaysintheirlives.”
[G]InSouthernCalifornia,LomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicineisofferingspecializedtrainingforitsresidentphysiciansinLifestyleMedicine—thatisaformalspecialtyinusingfoodtotreatdisease.Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases,butthatdoesnotmeanthatdietaloneisalwaysthesolution,orthateveryillnesscanbenefitsubstantiallyfromdietarychanges.Nonetheless,physicianssaythattheylookatthecollectivedataandaclearpictureemerges:thatthesalt,sugar,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothenation’shighratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,80percentofdeathsfromheartdiseaseandstrokearecausedbyhighbloodpressure,tobaccouse,elevatedcholesterolandlowconsumptionoffruitsandvegetables.
[H]“It’sadifferentparadigm(范式)ofhowtotreatdisease,”saysDr.BrendaRea,whohelpsrunthefamilyandpreventivemedicineresidencyprogramatLomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Thelifestylemedicinespecialtyisdesignedtotraindoctorsinhowtopreventandtreatdisease,inpart,bychangingpatients’nutritionalhabits.ThemedicalcenterandschoolatLomaLindaalsohasafoodcupboardandkitchenforpatients.Thisway,patientsnotonlylearnaboutwhichfoodstobuy,butalsohowtopreparethemathome.
[I]Manypeopledon’tknowhowtocook,Reasays,andtheyonlyknowhowtoheatthingsup.Thatmeansdependingonpackagedfoodwithhighsaltandsugarcontent.Soteachingpeopleaboutwhichfoodsarehealthyandhowtopreparethem,shesays,canactuallytransformapatient’slife.Andbeyondthat,itmighttransformthehealthandlivesofthatpatient’sfamily.“Whatpeopleeatcanbemedicineorpoison,”Reasays.“Asaphysician,nutritionisoneofthemostpowerfulthingsyoucanchangetoreversetheeffectsoflong-termdisease.”
[J]Studieshaveexploredevidencethatdietarychangescanslowinflammation(炎症),forexample,ormakethebodyinhospitabletocancercells.Ingeneral,manylifestylemedicinephysiciansrecommendaplant-baseddiet—particularlyforpeoplewithdiabetesorotherinflammatoryconditions.
[K]“Aswhathappenedwithtobacco,thiswillrequireaculturalshift,butthatcanhappen,”saysNguyen.“Inthesamewayphysiciansusedtosmoke,andthenstoppedsmokingandwereabletotalktopatientsaboutit,Ithinkphysicianscanhaveabiggervoiceinit.”
36.MorethanhalfofthefoodAmericanseatisfactory-produced.
37.Thereisaspecialprogramthatassignsdoctorstogiveadvicetoshoppersinfoodstores.
38.Thereisgrowingevidencefromresearchthatfoodhelpspatientsrecoverfromvariousillnesses.
39.Ahealthybreakfastcanbepreparedquicklyandeasily.
40.Trainingapatienttopreparehealthyfoodcanchangetheirlife.
41.Onefood-as-medicineprogramnotonlyprescribesfoodfortreatmentbutteachespatientshowtocookit.
42.Scottisnotkeenoncookingfoodherself,thinkingitwouldsimplybeawasteoftime.
43.Diabetespatientsareadvisedtoeatmoreplant-basedfood.
44.Usingfoodasmedicineisnonovelidea,butthemovementismakingheadwaythesedays.
45.Americans’highratesofvariousillnessesresultfromthewaytheyeat.
大学英语四级长篇阅读真题参考答案：
D36.MorethanhalfthefoodAmericanseatisfactory-produced.
B37.Thereisaspecialprogramthatassignsdoctorstogiveadvicetoshoppersinfoodstores.
G38.Thereisgrowingevidencefromresearchthatfoodhelpspatientsrecoverfromvariousillnesses.
A39.Ahealthybreakfastcanbepreparedquicklyandeasily.
I40.Trainingapatienttopreparehealthyfoodcanchangetheirlife.
F41.Onefood-as-medicineprogramnotonlyprescribesfoodfortreatmentbutteacherspatientshowtocookit.
C42.Scottisnotkeenoncookingfoodherself,thinkingitwouldsimplybeawasteoftime.
J43.Diabetespatientsareadvisedtoeatmoreplant-basedfood.
E44.Usingfoodasmedicineisnonovelidea,butthemovementismakingheadwaythesedays.
G45.Americans’highratesofvariousillnessesresultfromthewaytheyeat.
大学英语四级长篇阅读真题答案解析：
36.答案：D
解析：D段中InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood与该题干MorethanhalfthefoodAmericanseatisfactory-produced.属于同义替换。
37.答案：B
解析：B段中的Thecenter’s‘ShopwithYourDoc’programsendsdoctorstothegrocerystoretomeetwithanypatients与该题干Thereisaspecialprogramthatassignsdoctorstogiveadvicetoshoppersinfoodstores.属于同义替换。
38.答案：G
解析：G段中Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases与该题干Thereisgrowingevidencefromresearchthatfoodhelpspatientsrecoverfromvariousillnesses.属于同义替换。
39.答案：A
解析：A段中Juicesarequickandeasytoprepare,youcantakethefrozenfruitoutthenightbeforeandhaveitreadythenextmorning.与该题干Ahealthybreakfastcanbepreparedquicklyandeasily.属于同义替换。
40.答案：I
解析：I段中Soteachingpeopleaboutwhichfoodsarehealthyandhowtopreparethem,shesays,canactuallytransformapatient’slife.与该题干Trainingapatienttopreparehealthyfoodcanchangetheirlife.属于同义替换。
41.答案：F
解析：F段中Theprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensivetraininginhowtocookit.与该题干Onefood-as-medicineprogramnotonlyprescribesfoodfortreatmentbutteachespatientshowtocookit.属于同义替换。
42.答案：C
解析：C段中“SoI’dhavetomakeit”sheasks,herenthusiasmfadingatthethoughtofhowlongthatmighttake,justtohaveherkidsrejectit.“I’mnotsurethey’deatit.Theyjustwon’teatit.”与该题干Scottisnotkeenoncookingfoodherself,thinkingitwouldsimplybeawasteoftime.属于同义替换。
43.答案：J
解析：J段中的Ingeneral,manylifestylemedicinephysiciansrecommendaplant-baseddiet—particularlyforpeoplewithdiabetesorotherinflammatoryconditions.与该题干Diabetespatientsareadvisedtoeatmoreplant-basedfood.属于同义替换。
44.答案：E
解析：E段中的Thefood-as-medicinemovementhasbeenaroundfordecades,butit’smakingprogressasphysiciansandmedicalinstitutionsmakefoodaformalpartoftreatment,ratherthanrelyingsolelyonmedications(药物).与该题干Usingfoodasmedicineisnonovelidea,butthemovementismakingheadwaythesedays.属于同义替换。
45.答案：G
解析：G段中的.thesalt,sugar,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothenation’shighratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.与该题干Americans’highratesofvariousillnessesresultfromthewaytheyeat.属于同义替换。
改革开放以来，中国人民生活水平不断提高，这在人们的饮食(diet)变化上得到充分体现。如今，人们不再满足于吃得饱，而是追求吃得更加安全、更加营养、更加健康，食物也愈来愈丰富多样，不再限于本地的农产品。物流业(logisticsindustry)的发展使人们很容易品尝到全国各地的特产。毫无疑问，学食品质量与饮食结构的改善为增进人们健康提供了有力的保障。
Sincethereformandopening-up,thelivingstandardoftheChinesepeoplehasbeenoncontinuousimprove-ment,whichisfullyreflectedinthechangeofpeoplesdiet.Today,peoplearenolongersatisfiedwithwhethertheyhaveenoughtoeat,butseektoeatmoresafely,morenutritiouslyandmorehealthily.Whatsmore,foodbecomesmorediverseandisnotlimitedtolocalproduce.Thedevelopmentofthelogisticsindustrymakesiteasyforpeopletotastelocalspecialtiesfromalloverthecountry.Doubtlessly,theimprovementoffoodqualityanddietstructureprovidesastrongguaranteeforthepromotionofpeopleshealth.
四级阅读第三套答案：
仔细阅读3
第三套：PassageOne
Team-buildingexerciseshavebecomepopularformanagerstryingtoincrease……
答案
46-50ABDAD
46.A)Theyconsidersuchexercisesannoying.
47.B)Theyrearangedthestaffandofficespaces.
48.D)Theywereregardedasanintrusionintoemployeesprivatelives.
49.A)Byallowingparticipantsfreedomtoexpressthem-selves.
50.D)Theyhavetobeappliedcautiouslytobeeffective.
Therearecloseto58,000homelesspeopleinLosAngelescounty.
51~55ACACD
51A)Tocombatthecountyshomelessness.
52C)Theyareresponsiblefortheirowncondition.
53A)Theyfinditincreasinglydifficulttoaffordaplacetolive.
54C)Theincreaseinnewhousingfallsshortofthedemandofthegrowinghomelesspopulation.
55D)Theynolongerfindshocking.
信息匹配3
答案速查
36-40GLDAM
41-45JFCHK
36【G】Increaseddigitalaccessforfansa,amorebeh-nind-the-scenesexperienceforbroadcastviewersandinno-vationinareaslikevirtualreality-whatisitliketospedaroundatrackinsidea
Perrari-areamongthepossibilities.
37【L】HerecalledattendingFormulaOnesMonacoracelastyearandbeingoverwhelmedbytheceremonyleadinguptotheevent,thewaytheracecharmedthecityfordaysaheadofthestart.
38【D】Amongthegoals,CareysaidinaninterviewonTuesday,isonethatjustabouteveryglobalsportseemsin-terestedinchasing:increasinginterestintheUnitedStates.
39【A】ForthepastfourdecadestheleaderofFormulaOnecarracing,oneofthe.
biggestannualsportingseriesintheworld,wasBernieEccle-stone,aformermotorcyclepartsdealerwhobuiltitintoaninternationalpresenceessentiallyonhisown.
40【M】Hewasfascinated.""Youcanthelpbutbeawed,”hesaid,""andIthinkthatfeelingcanbetranslatedtotheviewer.
41【J】AtFoxBroadcastingCompany,hewasatopadvisorforyears,knownforhisskillinhelpingtoleadthelaunchofthecompanyintosports,aswellasthestartofFoxNewsChannel.
42【F】…andsecond,alterthewayfansexperiencethewithinthesportbothinpersonandremotely,sothatcon-nectionsbetweentheaudienceandpeoplewithintheseriesareeasiertomake.
43【C】…ChaseCarey-aformerexecutivewithFoxBroad-castingCompanyandDirecTVwhobyhisownadmissionisnotafierceracingfan…
44【H】Thelargerquestion,though,isafamiliarone:IsthereroomforFormulaOneintheever-crowdedsportslandscapeoftheUnitedStatesOpinionsvary,particularlybecauseviewinghabitsamongconsumerscontinuetoevolve.
45【K】Itsaboutspeed,dangerandrisk.AndFormulaOnehasthatmorethananyotherracingseries.
选词填空3
Whetheryourejusthavingadowndayoradownperiod…
26-30GNDFH31-35KECIM
26.Gdaily
27.Nsymptoms
28.Dclassified
29.Fcome
30.Hdefinitely
31.Kinactive
32.Eclearing
33.Cbond
34.Idistractions
35.Mreaping
作文第三套
Supposeyouruniversitynewspaperisinvitingsubmis-sionsfromstudentsforitscomingeditiononacampuseventthathasimpressedthemmost.
AsastudentattheForeignLanguagesSchoolof[UniversityName],Iammostimpressedbythecareouruniversityshowstousstudents.
Giventhedampandcoldwintersandburninghotsum-mers,theauthoritieshaveinstalledairconditioningunitsinallthedormitories,providinguswithcomfortableshelterfromtheextremetemperatures.Moreover,thecanteensofferaffordablesetmeals,ensuringthatstudentsonatightbudgetdonthavetoworryexces-sivelyaboutlivingexpensesandcansavemoneyforothernecessities.Mostnotably,Iamstruckbythetrafficcontrolduringrushhourstoensurestudentsafety.Duringthesetimes,vehiclesareprohibitedfromusingtheroutesstudentstaketoandfromclassroombuildingsanddormitories.
Tobefrank,therearetoomanysuchexamplestolistintheirentirety.Iamveryproudtobeapartofouruniversityandwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudeforeverythingouruniversitydoesforitsstudents.
作为[学校名称]外国语学院的一名学生，我对学校对学生的关怀印象最深刻。
由于冬天潮湿寒冷，夏天酷热难耐，校方在所有宿舍都安装了空调，为我们提供了一个舒适的遮蔽处。此外，食堂提供实惠的套餐，确保预算紧张的学生不必过分担心生活费用，可以节省其他必需品的钱。最值得注意的'是，我对高峰时段的交通管制感到震惊，以确保学生的安全。在此期间，车辆禁止使用学生往返教学楼和宿舍的路线。
坦率地说，这样的例子太多了，无法一—列举。我很自豪能成为我们学校的一员，并对我们学校为学生所做的一切表示衷心的感谢。
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
"WelcometotheU.S.A.!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!"
Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy."Wedonthaveabudget,"saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCitysSouthStreet."Wejustuseourcreditcards."
TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworldsmostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycorneroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworldssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworldsbargainbasement(廉价商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.Thatsupfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.
True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(无节制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.
TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericansfournightsand$298.
31.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher____.
A)arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem
B)simplydontcarehowmuchtheyspend
C)arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure
D)oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford
32.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat____.
A)itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouriststotheUS
B)itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouriststotheUS
C)tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear
D)TouristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear
33.Bysaying"nobodyundersellsAmerica"(Underlined),theauthormeansthat____.A)noothercountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproductsB)nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities
C)nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods
D)noothercountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica
34.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeignersA)BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia
B)Becausetheyrepresenttheworldslatestfashions
C)Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology
D)Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations
35.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize____.
A)theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits
B)thelowertheretailprices,thegreaterinprofits
C)tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy
D)visitorstotheUSarewealthierthanUStouristsabroad
【参考答案】
31.【答案】B。【译文】从巴西生物学家所说的话，我们得知像她这样的游客完全不介意他们花多少钱。【试题分析】细节推理型，通过对某一段话的理解，并进行总结和概括。【详细解答】原文第二段提到现在涌入的是富人(Thesearethewealthy),所以当她说"Wedonthaveabudget,wejustuseourcreditcards"是指花钱不用做预算，想买就用信用卡，其暗含的意思就是选项B所表达的信息。故本题的正确答案是B。
32.【答案】A。【译文】1994年特别突出的原因是在那一年到美国的游客数目非常大。【试题分析】细节推理型，通过对某一段话的理解，并进行总结和概括。【详细解答】原文第三段说明美国早已成为旅游胜地，1994年不同于往年，其原因是世界杯吸引了大批游客，美元下跌使在美国购物便宜到了极点，这更吸引了大量的游客。而这一观点恰好与选项A相一致。这句话中的动词saw的意思是"目睹了"之意。故本题的正确答案是A。
SectionA选词填空
fear
缺名词。前文在描述nightmare“噩梦”的场景：出汗sweat弄湿了被子sheets，被行凶者assailant在漆黑的街上追赶。所以充满恐惧“fear”。
avoid
to后面加动词原形，且后面有or，所以意思上并列turnoff(关掉)，避免avoid噩梦发生。
limited
主系表结构，is后加形容词。上文提出问题：人们是否可以阻止噩梦发生，此句为回答，且28空后面“but”转折——但是有人可以掌控梦境。所以28空应是否定含义，固limited(研究结果是有限的')。
aware
be动词后接形容词。本句是对上半句掌控梦境的继续阐述——“这种能力就是“意识到aware”梦境正在发生，继而控制梦境”。
answer
空前有定冠词the，后接名词。该句主语为破折号前的“peoplewhocanmasterluciddreaming”，掌控梦境的人可能有这个问题的答案，固answer。
typically
句子成分完整，填副词。注意：typically在这里为“通常”，而非“典型”之意。通常医生不认为偶尔的噩梦是个问题。
rigorous
research为名词，前缺少形容词进行修饰。back在此为动词“支持”之意，疗法therapies有研究research支持，固rigorous“严谨的”符合题意。
暂缺
review
前有a2020，固缺少一个可数名词单数，后有published出版，所以应为“review报告，述评”。
tend
该句缺动词，且空后有to，所以需要不及物动词，tendto固定搭配“通常，往往会”。
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
ResilienceIsAboutHowYouRecharge,NotHowYouEndure
[A]Asconstanttravelersandparentsofa2-year-old,wesometimesfantasizeabouthowmuchworkwecandowhenoneofusgetsonaplane,undistractedbyphones,friends,ormovies.Weracetogetallourgroundworkdone:packing,goingthroughsecurity,doingalast-minuteworkcall,callingeachother,thenboardingtheplane.Then,whenwetrytohavethatamazingworksessioninflight,wegetnothingdone.Evenworse,afterrefreshingouremailorreadingthesamestudiesoverandover,wearetooexhaustedwhenwelandtosoldieronwith(继续处理)theemailsthathaveinevitablystillpiledup.
[B]WhyshouldflyingdepleteusWe’rejustsittingtheredoingnothing.Whycan’twebetougher,moreresilient(有复原力的)anddeterminedinourworksowecanaccomplishallofthegoalswesetforourselvesBasedonourcurrentresearch,wehavecometorealizethattheproblemisnotourhecticscheduleortheplanetravelitself;theproblemcomesfromamisconceptionofwhatitmeanstoberesilient,andtheresultingimpactofoverworking.
[C]Weoftentakeamilitaristic,“tough”approachtoresilienceanddeterminationlikeaMarinepullinghimselfthroughthemud,aboxergoingonemoreround,orafootballplayerpickinghimselfupoffthegroundforonemoreplay.Webelievethatthelongerwetoughitout,thetougherweare,andthereforethemoresuccessfulwewillbe.However,thisentireconceptionisscientificallyinaccurate.
[D]Theverylackofarecoveryperiodisdramaticallyholdingbackourcollectiveabilitytoberesilientandsuccessful.Researchhasfoundthatthereisadirectcorrelationbetweenlackofrecoveryandincreasedincidenceofhealthandsafetyproblems.Andlackofrecovery—whetherbydisruptingsleepwiththoughtsofworkorhavingcontinuouscognitivearousalbywatchingourphones—iscostingourcompanies$62billionayearinlostproductivity.
[E]Andjustbecauseworkstops,itdoesn’tmeanwearerecovering.We“stop”worksometimesat5pm,butthenwespendthenightwrestlingwithsolutionstoworkproblems,talkingaboutourworkoverdinner,andfallingasleepthinkingabouthowmuchworkwe’lldotomorrow.Inastudyjustreleased,researchersfromNorwayfoundthat7.8%ofNorwegianshavebecomeworkaholics(工作狂).Thescientistsciteadefinitionof“workaholism”as“beingoverlyconcernedaboutwork,drivenbyanuncontrollableworkmotivation,andinvestingsomuchtimeandeffortinworkthatitimpairsotherimportantlifeareas.”
[F]WebelievethatthenumberofpeoplewhofitthatdefinitionincludesthemajorityofAmericanworkers,whichpromptedustobeginastudyofworkaholismintheU.S.Ourstudywillusealargecorporatedatasetfromamajormedicalcompanytoexaminehowtechnologyextendsourworkinghoursandthusinterfereswithnecessarycognitiverecovery,resultinginhugehealthcarecostsandturnovercostsforemployers.
[G]Themisconceptionofresilienceisoftenbredfromanearlyage.Parentstryingtoteachtheirchildrenresiliencemightcelebrateahighschoolstudentstayingupuntil3amtofinishasciencefairproject.Whatadistortionofresilience!Aresilientchildisawell-restedone.Whenanexhaustedstudentgoestoschool,heriskshurtingeveryoneontheroadwithhisimpaireddriving;hedoesn’thavethecognitiveresourcestodowellonhisEnglishtest;hehaslowerself-controlwithhisfriends;andathome,heismoodywithhisparents.Overworkandexhaustionaretheoppositeofresilienceandthebadhabitsweacquirewhenwe’reyoungonlymagnifywhenwehittheworkforce.
[H]AsJimLoehrandTonySchwartzhavewritten,ifyouhavetoomuchtimeintheperformancezone,youneedmoretimeintherecoveryzone,otherwiseyouriskburnout.Gatheringyourresourcesto“tryhard”requiresburningenergyinordertoovercomeyourcurrentlylowarousallevel.Italsoworsensexhaustion.Thusthemoreimbalancedwebecomeduetooverworking,themorevaluethereisinactivitiesthatallowustoreturntoastateofbalance.Thevalueofarecoveryperiodrisesinproportiontotheamountofworkrequiredofus.
[I]SohowdowerecoverandbuildresilienceMostpeopleassumethatifyoustopdoingatasklikeansweringemailsorwritingapaper,yourbrainwillnaturallyrecover,sothatwhenyoustartagainlaterinthedayorthenextmorning,you’llhaveyourenergyback.Butsurelyeveryonereadingthishashadtimeswhenyoulieinbedforhours,unabletofallasleepbecauseyourbrainisthinkingaboutwork.Ifyoulieinbedforeighthours,youmayhaverested,butyoucanstillfeelexhaustedthenextday.That’sbecauserestandrecoveryarenotthesamething.
[J]Ifyou’retryingtobuildresilienceatwork,youneedadequateinternalandexternalrecoveryperiods.AsresearchersZijlstra,CropleyandRydstedtwriteintheir2014paper:“Internalrecoveryreferstotheshorterperiodsofrelaxationthattakeplacewithintheframesoftheworkdayortheworksettingintheformofshortscheduledorunscheduledbreaks,byshiftingattentionorchangingtootherworktaskswhenthementalorphysicalresourcesrequiredfortheinitialtaskaretemporarilydepletedorexhausted.Externalrecoveryreferstoactionsthattakeplaceoutsideofwork—e.g.inthefreetimebetweentheworkdays,andduringweekends,holidaysorvacations.”Ifafterworkyouliearoundonyourbedandgetirritatedbypoliticalcommentaryonyourphoneorgetstressedthinkingaboutdecisionsabouthowtorenovateyourhome,yourbrainhasnotreceivedabreakfromhighmentalarousalstates.Ourbrainsneedarestasmuchasourbodiesdo.
[K]Ifyoureallywanttobuildresilience,youcanstartbystrategicallystopping.Giveyourselftheresourcestobetoughbycreatinginternalandexternalrecoveryperiods.AmyBlanksondescribeshowtostrategicallystopduringthedaybyusingtechnologytocontroloverworking.ShesuggestsdownloadingtheInstantorMomentappstoseehowmanytimesyouturnonyourphoneeachday.YoucanalsouseappslikeOfftimeorUnpluggedtocreatetechfreezonesbystrategicallyschedulingautomaticairplanemodes.Theaveragepersonturnsontheirphone150timeseveryday.Ifeverydistractiontookonly1minute,thatwouldaccountfor2.5hoursaday.
[L]Inaddition,youcantakeacognitivebreakevery90minutestochargeyourbatteries.Trytonothavelunchatyourdesk,butinsteadspendtimeoutsideorwithyourfriends—nottalkingaboutwork.Takeallofyourpaidtimeoff,whichnotonlygivesyourecoveryperiods,butraisesyourproductivityandlikelihoodofpromotion.
[M]Asforus,we’vestartedusingourplanetimeasawork-freezone,andthustimetodipintotherecoveryphase.Theresultshavebeenfantastic.Weareusuallytiredalreadybythetimewegetonaplane,andthecrowdedspaceandunstableinternetconnectionmakeworkmorechallenging.Now,insteadofswimmingupstream,werelax,sleep,watchmovies,orlistentomusic.Andwhenwegetofftheplane,insteadofbeingdepleted,wefeelrecoveredandreadytoreturntotheperformancezone.
36.Ithasbeenfoundthatinadequaterecoveryoftenleadstopoorhealthandaccidents.
37.Mentalrelaxationismuchneeded,justasphysicalrelaxationis.
38.Adequaterestnotonlyhelpsonerecover,butalsoincreasesone’sworkefficiency.
39.Theauthoralwayshasahectictimebeforetakingaflight.
40.Recoverymaynottakeplaceevenifoneseemstohavestoppedworking.
41.Itisadvisedthattechnologybeusedtopreventpeoplefromoverworking.
42.Contrarytopopularbelief,restdoesnotequalrecovery.
43.Theauthorhascometoseethathisproblemresultsfromamisunderstandingofthemeaningofresilience.
44.People’sdistortedviewaboutresiliencemayhavedevelopedfromtheirupbringing.
45.Peopletendtothinkthemoredeterminedtheyare,thegreatertheirsuccesswillbe.
答案：
36.D
37.J
38.L
39.A
40.E
41.K
42.I
43.B
44.G
45.C
四级阅读理解答案：词汇理解
26.G)habitats
【语法判断】marine是形容词，表示“海洋的”，后面应该跟一个名词。符合条件的名词有experiences(经验)、exterior(外部)、habitats(栖息地)、investment(投资)、territory(领土)、victim(受害人)。
【语意判断】从上下文可知，暗礁是潜泳和保护海洋______的圣地，所以应该选habitats，海洋栖息地。
27.M)stripped
【语法判断】此处谓语不完整，要填写动词，由was可知要使用被动语态。符合条件的动词有depressed(使…沮丧)、stripped(剥夺、剥离)。
【语意判断】被沉下去的A300被______了所有有可能对环境有害的东西，所以应该选stripped，被剥离了。
28.A)create
【语法判断】此处是倒装句，thesunkenplanewill后面应该跟动词原形。符合条件的动词有create(创作、创造)、innovate(发明)。
【语意判断】被沉默的飞机不仅仅将会给人工暗礁的生长_____完美的`骨架，所以应该选create，创造出。
29.L)stretches
【语法判断】主句缺少谓语，主语是theplane，应该选择动词的第三人称单数。符合条件的动词有experiences(经历)、stretches(延展到)
【语意判断】这个飞机____总长度54米，所以应该选stretches，延展到。
30.C)eventually
【语法判断】where引导的从句有完整的主谓宾结构，空格处应该填写副词。符合条件的副词有eventually(最后，终于)、intentionally(故意地、有意地)。
【语意判断】在这个地方，潜水者将_______能够探索机舱和….，因为是在飞机沉下去以后，潜水者才能够进行探索，所以应该选eventually，最终
31.F)exterior
【语法判断】由plane’s可知此处为所有格，应该填一个名词。符合条件的名词有experiences(经验)、exterior(外部)、investment(投资)、territory(领土)、victim(受害人)。
【语意判断】潜水者最终可以探索机舱和飞机的_____，潜水者会探索飞机的内部和外部，所以应该选exterior，外部。
32.J)investment
【语法判断】由that代词可知，此处应该填写一个名词。符合条件的名词有experiences(经验)、investment(投资)、territory(领土)、victim(受害人)。
【语意判断】他们(投资者)希望通过旅游业看到在_____上的回报，又从前一句知道投资者在飞机上花了大量的金钱，所以应该选择investment，投资上的回报。
33.O)victim
【语法判断】由定冠词the和介词of可知，此处应该填写一个名词。符合条件的名词有experiences(经验)、territory(领土)、victim(受害者)。
【语意判断】土耳其这个国家是几起致命的恐怖袭击的______，由上文可知，土耳其的旅游业出现了下滑的趋势，他们受到了恐怖袭击的影响，所以应该选victim，受害者。
34.I)intentionally
【语法判断】sunk修饰aircraft表示被沉没的飞机，此处可以填写一个形容词和sunk并列修饰aircraft，也可以是一个副词修饰形容词sunk。符合条件的形容词有depressed(沮丧的)、revealing(透露真情的、有启迪作用的);符合条件的副词有intentionally(故意地、有意地)。
【语意判断】A300是的______被沉没的飞机，由上下文可知，这架飞机是被人为地沉没到海底地，所以此处应该选intentionally，故意被沉没的飞机。
35.E)exploring
【语法判断】and并联连词连接taking和填空部分，形式应与taking保持一致，动词的现在分词形式。符合条件的动词有exploring(探索)、revealing(揭露)。
【语意判断】经历一场水下旅行和_______沉没的A300内部，由语意可知，应该选择exploring，探索内部。