作为保障债权实现及债务履行重要措施的违约责任制度与合同债务联系密切。一方面，违约责任是债务不履行所导致的结果，是以债务存在为前提的;另一方面，违约责任是在债务人不履行债务时，国家强制债务人履行债务和承担责任的法律表现
第七章违约责任ChapterSeven：LiabilitiesforBreachofContracts
第一百零七条当事人一方不履行合同义务或者(huozhe)履行合同义务不符合约定的，应当承担继续履行、采取补救措施或者(huozhe)赔偿损失等违约责任。Article107TypesofLiabilitiesforBreachIfapartyfailstoperformitsobligationsunderacontract,orrenderednon-conformingperformance,itshallbeartheliabilitiesforbreachofcontractbyspecificperformance,cureofnon-conformingperformanceorpaymentofdamages,etc.
第一百零八条当事人一方明确表示或者以自己的行为表明不履行合同义务的，对方可以在履行期限届满之前要求其承担违约责任。Article108AnticipatoryBreachWhereonepartyexpresslystatesorindicatesbyitsconductthatitwillnotperformitsobligationsunderacontract,theotherpartymayholditliableforbreachofcontractbeforethetimeofperformance.
第一百零九条当事人一方未支付价款或者报酬的，对方可以要求其支付价款或者报酬。Article109MonetarySpecificPerformanceIfapartyfailstopaythepriceorremuneration,theotherpartymayrequirepaymentthereof.
第一百一十条当事人一方不履行非金钱债务或者履行非金钱债务不符合约定的，对方可以要求履行，但有下列情形之一的除外：(一)法律上或者事实上不能履行;(二)债务的标的不适于强制履行或者履行费用过高;(三)债权人在合理期限内未要求履行。Article110Non-monetarySpecificPerformance;ExceptionsWhereapartyfailstoperform,orrenderednon-conformingperformanceof,anon-monetaryobligation,theotherpartymayrequireperformance,exceptwhere：(i)performanceisimpossibleinlaworinfact;(ii)thesubjectmatteroftheobligationdoesnotlenditselftoenforcementbyspecificperformanceorthecostofperformanceisexcessive;(iii)theobligeedoesnotrequireperformancewithinareasonabletime.
第一百一十一条质量不符合约定的，应当按照当事人的约定承担违约责任。对违约责任没有约定或者约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，受损害方根据标的的性质以及损失的大小，可以合理选择要求对方承担修理、更换、重作、退货、减少价款或者报酬等违约责任。Article111LiabilitiesinCaseofQualityNon-complianceWhereaperformancedoesnotmeettheprescribedqualityrequirements,thebreachingpartyshallbeliableforbreachinaccordancewiththecontract.Wheretheliabilitiesforbreachwerenotprescribedorclearlyprescribed,andcannotbedeterminedinaccordancewithArticle61hereof,theaggrievedpartymay,byreasonableelectioninlightofthenatureofthesubjectmatterandthedegreeofloss,requiretheotherpartytoassumeliabilitiesforbreachbywayofrepair,replacement,remaking,acceptanceofreturnedgoods,orreductioninpriceorremuneration,etc.
第一百一十二条当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或者采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。Article112LiabilityforDamagesNotwithstandingSubsequentPerformanceorCureofNon-conformingPerformanceWhereapartyfailedtoperformorrenderednon-conformingperformance,ifnotwithstandingitssubsequentperformanceorcureofnon-conformingperformance,theotherpartyhassustainedotherloss,thebreachingpartyshallpaydamages.
第一百一十五条当事人可以依照《中华人民共和国担保法》约定一方向对方给付定金作为债权的担保。债务人履行债务后，定金应当抵作价款或者收回。给付定金的一方不履行约定的债务的，无权要求返还定金;收受定金的一方不履行约定的债务的，应当双倍返还定金。Article115DepositThepartiesmayprescribethatapartywillgiveadeposittotheotherpartyasassurancefortheobligee\'srighttoperformanceinaccordancewiththeSecurityLawofthePeople\'sRepublicofChina.Uponperformancebytheobligor,thedepositshallbesetoffagainstthepriceorrefundedtotheobligor.Ifthepartygivingthedepositfailedtoperformitsobligationsunderthecontract,itisnotentitledtoclaimrefundofthedeposit;wherethepartyreceivingthedepositfailedtoperformitsobligationsunderthecontract,itshallreturntotheotherpartytwicetheamountofthedeposit.
第一百一十六条当事人既约定违约金，又约定定金的，一方违约时，对方可以选择适用违约金或者定金条款。Article116ElectionBetweenDepositorLiquidatedDamagesClausesIfthepartiesprescribedpaymentofbothliquidateddamagesandadeposit,incaseofbreachbyaparty,theotherpartymayelectinalternativetoapplytheliquidateddamagesclauseorthedepositclause.
第一百一十七条因不可抗力不能履行合同的，根据不可抗力的影响，部分或者全部免除责任，但法律另有规定的除外。当事人迟延履行后发生不可抗力的，不能免除责任。本法所称不可抗力，是指不能预见、不能避免并不能克服的客观情况。Article117ForceMajeureApartywhowasunabletoperformacontractduetoforcemajeureisexemptedfromliabilityinpartorinwholeinlightoftheimpactoftheeventofforcemajeure,exceptotherwiseprovidedbylaw.Whereaneventofforcemajeureoccurredaftertheparty\'sdelayinperformance,itisnotexemptedfromliability.ForpurposesofthisLaw,forcemajeuremeansanyobjectivecircumstancewhichisunforeseeable,unavoidableandinsurmountable.
第一百一十八条当事人一方因不可抗力不能履行合同的，应当及时通知对方，以减轻可能给对方造成的损失，并应当在合理期限内提供证明。Article118DutytoNotifyinCaseofForceMajeureIfapartyisunabletoperformacontractduetoforcemajeure,itshalltimelynotifytheotherpartysoastomitigatethelossthatmaybecausedtotheotherparty,andshallprovideproofofforcemajeurewithinareasonabletime.
第一百一十九条当事人一方违约后，对方应当采取适当措施防止损失的扩大;没有采取适当措施致使损失扩大的，不得就扩大的损失要求赔偿。当事人因防止损失扩大而支出的合理费用，由违约方承担。Article119Non-BreachingParty\'sDutytoMitigateLossinCaseofBreachWhereapartybreachedthecontract,theotherpartyshalltaketheappropriatemeasurestopreventfurtherloss;wheretheotherpartysustainedfurtherlossduetoitsfailuretotaketheappropriatemeasures,itmaynotclaimdamagesforsuchfurtherloss.Anyreasonableexpenseincurredbytheotherpartyinpreventingfurtherlossshallbebornebythebreachingparty.
第一百二十条当事人双方都违反合同的，应当各自承担相应的责任。Article120BilateralBreachIncaseofbilateralbreach,thepartiesshallassumetheirrespectiveliabilitiesaccordingly.
第一百二十一条当事人一方因第三人的原因造成违约的，应当向对方承担违约责任。当事人一方和第三人之间的纠纷，依照法律规定或者按照约定解决。Article121BreachDuetoActofThirdPersonWhereaparty\'sbreachwasattributabletoathirdperson,itshallneverthelessbeliabletotheotherpartyforbreach.Anydisputebetweenthepartyandsuchthirdpersonshallberesolvedinaccordancewiththelawortheagreementbetweentheparties.
第一百二十二条因当事人一方的违约行为，侵害对方人身、财产权益的，受损害方有权选择依照本法要求其承担违约责任或者依照其他法律要求其承担侵权责任。Article122ElectionofRemedyinTortorinContractWhereaparty\'sbreachharmedthepersonalorpropertyinterestsoftheotherparty,theaggrievedpartyisentitledtoelecttoholdthepartyliableforbreachofcontractinaccordanceherewith,orholdthepartyliablefortortinaccordancewithanyotherrelevantlaw.