1、句子之间的逻辑关系集团标准化小组:VVOPPTJOPP2&JPPTL98/COPPN句子之间的逻辑关系Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatestThird,note-takingoffersvarietytoyours
2、tudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterestYouwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport72Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess73Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.Rea
3、dthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.CarefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfactsWriteyournotesinyourownwords74Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyour
4、ownshorthand记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime75A.UsewordsnotcompletesentencesBTherearethreepracticalnote-takingmethodsCYoumustwriteyournotesonseparatepaperDOtherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslaterEYouwi
6、它所表达的内容都是要用绕中心的,各句之间都有一定的谡脉,从逻辑意义上来看,语段的句际关系可分为平列.顺序、层递、转折.总分、解释、因果等关系。构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。上文中,第一段的第一句uTakinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralwaysn与下面儿句是解释关系。解释关系是指后面的句子对前面的句子作解释、引申、例证,使意思更加明了、具体。后三句之间是平列关系,句与句之间处于平等并列的地位,互不相属
7、,而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题。平列关系组合的语段,在次序上并不固定,如果局部改变句子的相互位置并不改变整个语段的意思。第二段的第一句与笫二句是层递关系,层递关系是一种固定的顺序关系,但乂不同于顺序关系,顺序关系指构成语段的各句子只能按事物发展的过程山先而后地顺序排列,不可随意改变次序,通常在记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中用得普遍,而层递关系组合的语段是按语意的轻重.认识的深浅作由轻到重、由浅入深的排列。第三句与第四句是解释关系,第一、二句组合为一个语段,第三、四句组合为另外一个语段,语段与语段之间是总分关系。总分关系是指前面的句子陈述两个或两个以上的对象,后面的句子
9、意义关系分析外,还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握,因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系是:承接关系(如so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等);平列关系(如first,second,third;firstly,secondly,thirdly*;first,next,then;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace;foronething,foranother;tobeginwith,toco
10、nclude等):转折关系(however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inanycase,whoever,whatever,onthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,otherwise等);层递关系(如also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,whatsmore,too,either,neither,notbut,notonlybutalso等)。比如上面试题中的选项71,山Second、