【通译课程之CATTI笔译教学模块】材料
以下选自通译翻译基础课程CATTI笔译考试辅导科目用于练习的部分真题
2006年5月人事部三级笔译真题
第一部分英译汉
环保
ApushtodeveloptheNorth,quickenedbythemeltingoftheArcticseas,carriesits
ownrewardsanddangersforpeopleintheregion.ThediscoveryofvastpetroleumfieldsintheBarentsandKaraSeashasraisedfearsofcatastrophicaccidentsasshipsloadedwithoiland,soon,liquefiedgaschurnthroughthefisheriesoffScandinavia,headedtomarketsinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Landthatwasuntouchedcouldbetaintedbypollutionasgenerators,smokestacksandlargevehiclessprouttosupportthegrowingenergyindustry.
第二部分汉译英
2006年11月人事部三级笔译真题
疾病
Facedwithgrowingevidencethatavianinfluenzaisspreadinginbirds,theWorldHealthOrganizationonWednesdaysignedanagreementwiththeSwisspharmaceuticalcompanyRocheHoldingtobuildupitsstockpileofmedicinesincaseofapandemicinhumans.
Undertheagreement,RochewillreservethreemilliontreatmentsofitsTamifluantiviralmedicineforusebytheUNagencyincaseofaworldwidehumanpandemicofavianflu.
'It'sjustenoughtodealwithaninitialoutbreak,'saidJong-WookLee,director-generaloftheWHO.'Butclearlythisisnotenoughtodealwithafullpandemic.'
Theagencysaysonly57peopleinIndonesia,Vietnam,ThailandandCambodiahavedied,mainlyfromcontactwithinfectedbirds.ThevirushaskilledmillionsofchickensandledtopreventivecullingacrossAsiasincelate2003.
Sustainedhuman-to-humaninfectionhasnotyetbeenrecorded.ButtheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatbirdflu,whichfirstappearedinHongKongin1997,couldmutategenetically,makingiteasierforhumanstocatchandtransmitthediseaseamongthemselves.
SignsthediseasehasspreadrecentlytobirdsinSiberiaandKazakhstanareaddingtoconcerns,theWHOsays.ApanelofEuropeanUnionexpertswillconveneThursdayinBrusselstodiscussmeasurestopreventthespreadofbirddeathstoEuropeanpoultry.
Whenaskedwhetherhethoughtawidespreadoutbreakinhumanswasimminent,Leesaid:'Wedon'tknowwhenitwillcome.ButitwouldbehugelyirresponsibleiftheWHOandmemberstatesdidnottakepreventivemeasuresnow.'
RochedeclinedtogivefiguresforitsstockpilesofTamiflu.
Aspokeswomanforthecompany,MartinaRupp,saidittookfrom12to18monthstodeliverthedrugafteranorderwasplaced-arelativelylongtimeduetoacomplicatedproductionprocess.
２５年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。从１９７８年至２００３年的２５年间，中国经济年均增长９．４％。２５年前，中国年国内生产总值为１４７３亿美元，去年已达到１４０００多亿美元。２５年前，中国年进出口贸易总额为２０６亿美元，去年已达到８５１２亿美元。２５年前，中国外汇储备为１．６７亿美元，去年已达到４０３３亿美元。目前，中国经济总量居世界第六，进出口贸易总额居世界第四。中国之所以能够发生这样巨大的变化，最关键的原因是我们始终坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，始终坚持改革开放，激发了全体人民的积极性、主动性、创造性。
中国虽然取得了很大的发展成就，但中国人口多，底子薄，生产力不发达，发展很不平衡，生态环境、自然资源与经济社会发展的矛盾比较突出。虽然中国人均国内生产总值已经突破１０００美元，但仍排在世界一百位以后。中国要实现现代化，使全体人民都过上富裕生活，还需要进行长期不懈的艰苦奋斗。
我们已经明确了本世纪头２０年的奋斗目标，这就是全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，到２０２０年实现国内生产总值比２０００年翻两番，达到４万亿美元，人均国内生产总值达到３０００美元，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。
2007年5月人事部三级笔译真题
科技
IttooknineyearsfromthetimetheDanishandSwedishgovernmentsagreedtobuildafixedlinkbetweentheircountriestothetimethefirstcar,train,truckandbicyclistscrossedtheOresundBridge.
Constructionofthebridge,includingdesignandcornerstone,beganinMarch1991andwascompletedinJuly2000.Today,itisthelongeststone-stayedroadandrailbridgeintheworld.Atapproximately10miles(16kilometers),includingthetunnel,itisanengineeringandarchitecturalmarvel.Butastimehasproven,thebridgeisaculturalandeconomicboonaswell.ThesleekspanofconcretewhosedesigntypifiesScandinavianminimalismhascontributedgreatlytothedevelopmentoftheOresundregion:theeasternpartofDenmark,includingCopenhagen,andthesouthwesternpartofSweden,includingMalm?andLund.
ThelevelofcommutingbetweenMalm?andCopenhagenhasquadrupledsincetheopeningofthebridgein2000,andthenumberofDanesmovingtothesouthofSwedenhasincreasedsixfold.TheOresundregionhasbecomeaculturalandeconomicpowerhouse,consideredamodelregionbytheEuropeanUnion.
Workonthebridgebeganin1995,andwasundertakenbyateamofinternationalconsultingandconstructioncompanies.
Fromthebeginning,constructionofthebridgecompliedwithsomeoftheworld’stoughestenvironmentalregulations,aswellasmanyadvanceddesignandconstructiondetails.TheMexico-basedCEMEX,oneoftheworld’slargestproducersofCementandready-mixconcrete,wasawardedacontracttodelivertonsofhigh-qualitycementtohelpbuildthemainpartofthebridge,thetwoapproachbridgesandthetunnel.
WhenitopenedinJuly2000,theOresundBridgeconsistedofa3.5-kilometerimmersedtunnel,thelargestofitskindintheworld,a4-kilometerlongartificialisland(madefrommuddugoutfromthebottomofstraittomakespaceforthetunnel)anda7.8-kilometercable-stayedbridge,theworld’slongestbridgeincludingbothahighwayandarailroad.
Thoughjusthalfofthetotalconstruction,theactualbridgespan,isvisibleabovewater,theoverallarchitecturewasdesignedtopleasetheeyefromboththeDanishandSwedishsidesofthestrait.
Thefour204-meter(670feet)tallpillarscarryingthebridgehaveasimpleScandinaviandesign.Todriversandpassengerscrossingthebridge,thepillarsprovideavisual,aswellasactual,impressionofstabilityandcalm.
Thetwo-levelstructureismadeofsteelandconcrete.Alongtiletwoapproachbridges,tracksarepiacedinconcretetroughsthatturnintosteeldecksonthebridge.Thebridge’supperdeckcarriescarsandtrucks,whilethelowerdeckaccommodatestherailroad.Thefourpillarsaregroundedingiantcementboxesplacedatthebottomofthestrait,about18metersbelowsealevel.
Lastyear,anaverageof13,600vehiclesand17,000passengerscrossedthebridgeeveryday,andtrafficcontinuestoincreaseby10-20percenteveryyear.
Throughouttheconstructionprocess,theDanishandSwedishenvironmentalagencieshavesurveyedbutfoundnochangesinthewildlife,birds,fishandvegetationsurroundingthebridge.Inaddition,thechemicalsusedinconstructionandthepercentageofwastematerialshavebeenkepttoaminimum,asrequiredbybothDanishandSwedishlaws.
In2003,theOresundBridgewontheIABSE(InternationalAssociationforBridgeandStructuralEngineering)OutstandingStructuralAwardforitsinnovativedesign,planningandconstructionmanagement,aswellasitsstrictcompliancewiththetimeschedule,budgetandenvironmentalrequirements.
能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。纵观人类社会发展的历史，人类文明的每一次重大进步都伴随着能源的改进和更替。能源的开发利用极大地推进了世界经济和人类社会的发展。过去100多年里，发达国家先后完成了工业化，消耗了地球上大量的自然资源，特别是能源资源。当前，一些发展中国家正在步入工业化阶段，能源消费增加是经济社会发展的客观必然。中国是当今世界上最大的发展中国家，发展经济，摆脱贫困，是中国政府和中国人民在相当长一段时期内的主要任务。20世纪70年代末以来，中国作为世界上发展最快的发展中国家，经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就，成功地开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，为世界的发展和繁荣作出了重大贡献。中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。能源供应持续增长，为经济社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发展空间。中国已经成为世界能源市场不可或缺的重要组成部分，对维护全球能源安全，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。
2007年11月人事部三级笔译真题
叙事
中国自1978年开始实行改革开放政策以来，极大地解放和发展了中国的社会生产力，我国国内生产总值年均增长9.67%。中国在世界经济总量中所占比重不到1%，现在已经达到了4%。从1978—2005年，中国经济年均增长9％以上，GDP由1473亿美元增加到22600亿美元，年进出口贸易总额由206亿美元增加到16000亿美元，外汇储备由1亿多美元增加到8000多亿美元。目前，中国经济总量居世界第4位，进出口贸易总额居世界第3位。
中国坚持以和平的方式发展，一贯奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。中国的外交宗旨是维护世界和平、促进共同发展。中国的发展有利于中国周边地区的稳定、世界的持久和平与各国的共同发展。事实表明，中国经济的发展，正在成为亚太地区、乃至整个世界经济增长的重要推动力量。中国的崛起不会妨碍任何人，也不会威胁任何人。
中国用科学发展观指导国内发展，同时维护国际社会的可持续发展。中国充分利用世界和平发展带来的机遇发展自己，又以自身的发展更好地维护世界和平。中国坚持奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，宗旨就是维护世界和平、促进共同发展。中国发展是世界发展的一个重要组成部分，中国以自己的发展促进了世界的和平，为人类社会的发展进步作出了贡献。
中国为促进周边地区和世界经济的稳定与发展作出了贡献。尊重和维护世界的多样性，构建和谐社会。
中国坚持奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，宗旨就是维护世界和平、促进共同发展。
2008年5月人事部三级笔译真题
Ayearago,thislushcoastalfieldnearRomewasfilledwithorderlyrowsofdelicatedurumwheat,usedtomakehighqualityItalianpasta.Todayitoverflowswithrapeseed,atall,gnarledweedlikeplantburstingwithcoarseyellowflowersthathasbecomeanewmannaforEuropeanfarmers:rapeseedcanbeturnedintobiofuel.
Luredbygenerousnewsubsidiestodevelopalternativeenergysources-andameasureofconcernaboutthefutureoftheplanet-Europeanfarmersareplungingintogrowingcropsthatcanbeturnedintofuelsmeanttoproducefeweremissionsthangasoroilwhenburned.TheyarechasingaftertheircounterpartsintheAmericaswhohavebeencroppingforbiofuelformorethanfiveyears.
'Thisisamuch-neededboosttooureconomy,ourfarms,'saidMarcelloPini,afarmer,standinginfrontoftheseaofwavingyellowflowersheplantedforthefirsttimethisyear.'Ofcoursewehopeithelpstheenvironment,too.'
InMarch,theEuropeanCommission,disappointedbytheslowgrowthofthebiofuelsindustryinEurope,approvedadirectivethatincludeda'bindingtarget'requiringmemberstatestouse10percentbiofuelfortransportby2020-themostambitiousandspecificgoalintheworld.
MostEUstatesarecurrentlyfarfromachievingthetarget,andareintroducingnewincentivesandsubsidiestoboostproduction.
Asaresult,bioenergycropshavenowreplacedfoodasthemostprofitablecropinanumberEuropeancountries.InthispartofItaly,forexample,thegovernmentguaranteesthepurchaseofbiofuelcropsat€22per100kilograms,or$13.42per100pounds-nearlytwicethe€11-to-€12rateper100kilogramsofwheatontheopenmarketlastyear.Betterstill,Europeanfarmersareallowedtoplantbiofuelcropson'set-aside'fields,landthatEUagriculturepolicywouldotherwiserequirethemtoleavefallowtopreventanoversupplyoffood.
ButanexpertpanelconvenedbytheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganizationthismonthpointedoutthatthebiofuelsboomproducesbothbenefitsaswellastradeoffandrisks-includinghigherandwildlyfluctuatingglobalfoodprices.Insomemarketsgrainpriceshavenearlydoubledbecausefarmersareplantingforbiofuels,
'Atatimewhenagriculturalpricesarelow,incomesbiofuelandimprovesthelotoffarmersandinjectslifeintoruralareas,'saidGustavoBest,anexpertattheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganizationinRome.'Butasthescalegrowsandthedemandforbiofuelcropsseemstobeinfinite,we'reseeingsomenegativeeffectsandweneedtoholdupayellowlight.'
JosetteSheeran,thenewheadoftheUNWorldFoodprogram,whichfednearly90millionpeoplein2006,saidthatbiofuelscreatednewdilemmasforheragency.'Anincreaseingrainpricesimpactsusbecauseweareamajorprocurerofgrainforfood.Sobiofuelsarebothachallengeandanopportunity.'
InEurope,therapidconversionoffieldsthatoncegrewwheatorbarleytobiofueloilslikerapeseedisalreadyleadingtoshortagesofingredientsformakingpastaandbrewingbeer,supplierssay.Thatcouldtranslateintohigherpricesinsupermarkets.
'Newandincreasingdemandforbioenergyproductionhasputhighpressureonthewholeworldgrainmarket,'saidClaudiaConti,aspokeswomanforBarilla,oneofthelargestItalianpastamakers.'NotonlyGermanbeerproducers,butMexicantortillamakershaveseethecostoftheirmainrawmaterialgrowingquicklytoquicklytohistoricalhighs.'
Forsomeexperts,moreworrisomeisthepotentialimpacttolow-incomeconsumersfromthedisplacementoffoodcropsbybioenergyplantings.Inthedevelopingworld,theshiftfromgrowingfoodtogrowingmorelucrativebiofuelcropsdestinedforrichercountriescouldcreateserioushungeranddamagetheenvironmentinplaceswherewildlandisconvertedtobiofuelcultivation,theFAOexpertpanelconcluded.
ButofficialsattheEuropeanCommissionsaytheyarepursuingameasuredcoursethatwillpreventtheworstpriceandsupplyproblemsthathaveplaguedAmericanmarkets.
'WeseeintheUnitedStatesfarmersgoingcrazygrowingcornforbiofuels,butalsoproducingshortagesoffoodandfeed,'saidMichaelMann,acommissionspokesman.'Soweseebiofuelasagoodopportunity-butitshouldn'tbethebe-allandend-allforagriculture.'
Inarecentspeech,MariannFischerBoel,theEUagricultureandruraldevelopmentcommissioner,saidthatthe10percentEUtargetwas'notashotinthedark,'butrathercarefullychosentoencouragealevelofbiofuelindustrygrowththatwouldnotproduceunduehardshipfortheContinent'spoor.Overthenext14years,shecalculated,itwouldpushupwouldrawmaterialpricesforcerealby3percentto6percentby2020,whilepricesforoilseedmayrisebetween5percentand18percent.Butfoodpricesontheshelveswouldbarelychange,shesaid.
中国历来重视人才工作，并实施”人才强国“战略，大力开发人力市场资源，为人才发挥作用创造必要的条件和环境中国目前实行的是工程技术人员职称聘任制度，经过多年的实践，中国已经形成了一套比较完整的工程技术人员制度，并探索实行工程技术人员职称聘任制度制度。
工程技术人员职务聘任制度形成于计划经济时期，随着社会主义市场经济的建立和经济社会的发展需要进一步完善和改革，人事部、建设部、教育部、中国工程院、中国科协等部门专门成立了领导小组，组织关于技术人才的研究，提出工程技术人才改革框架，建立以业绩和能力为导向的、科学的、人才绩效评价制度，并积极促进工程师国际互认和资格准入制度。
2008年11月人事部三级笔译真题
Withplantspeciesdisappearingatanalarmingrate,scientistsandgovernmentsarecreatingaglobalnetworkofplantbankstostoreseedsandsproutsthatmaybeneededformantoadapttheworld’sfoodsupplytoclimatechange.
Thisweek,theflagshipofthateffort,theGlobalSeedVault,receiveditsfirstseedshere—millionsofthem.Boredintothemiddleofasnow-toppedArcticmountaininLongyearbyen,Norway,theseedvaluthasasitsgoalthestoringofeverykindofseedfromeverycollectionontheplanet.
Whileseedswillremaininordinaryseedbanks,thevault’sstackedgrayboxeswillformabackupincasenaturaldisasterorhumanerrorerasestheseedsfromtheoutsideworld.
Foryear,ahodgepodgenetworkofseedbankshasbeenamassingseedandschootcollection.LabsinMexicobankedcornspecies.ThoseinNigeriabankedcassava.
Thesescatteredeffortsarebeingconsolidatedandsystematized,inpartbecauseofbettertechnologytopreserveplantgenesandinpartbecauseofrisingalarmaboutthetrendofclimatechangeanditsimpactonworldfoodproduction.
Thisweektheurgencyoftheproblemwasunderscoredaswheatpricesreachedrecordhighsandwheatstockpilesdroppedtothelowestlevelin35years.Droughtsandnewdiseasescutwheatproductioninmanypartsoftheworld.
Awell-organizedsystemofplantbankscouldbecrucialinrespondingtoclimatecrisesbecauseitcouldidentifystrainsthatarebetterabletocopewithachangedenvironment.AttheGlobalSeed
Vault,hundredsofboxescontainingseedsfromSyriatoMexicowerebeingmovedthisweekintoafreezingvaulttobeplacedinsuspendedanimation.Collectivelytheyharboravastrangeofcharacteristics,includingtheabilitytowithstanddrier,warmerclimates.
Seedsmustbestoredatminus20degreesCelsius(minus4Fahrenheit).UndergroundinLongyearbyen,just1,000kilometers,or600miles,fromtheNorthPole,theseedswillstayfrozenregardlessofpowerfailures.
ThevaultwasbuiltbyNorway,anditsoperationsarefinancedbygovernmentandprivatedonationsincluding$20millionfromBritain,$12millionfromAustralia,$11millionfromGermanyand$6.5millionfromtheUnitedStates.
Theefforttopreserveawidevarietyofplantgenesinbanksisparticularlyurgentbecausemanyfarmsnowgrowjustoneortwocrops.Theyareparticularlyvulnerabletopests,diseaseandclimatechange.
Justaseffortstopreservebiodiversityincrease,economicsencouragesfarmerstofocusonfewercrops.Butthestoredseedsmanycontaintraitsthatwillproveadvantageousinanothertime.
“Youneedasystemtoconservethevariety,soitdoesn’tbecomeextinct,”saidCaryFowlerpresidentoftheGlobalCropDiversityTrust,thenon-profitgroupthatrunsthevault.”Afarmermaymakeabowlofporridgewiththelastseedsofastrainthatisofnousetohim,andthenit’sgone.Andpotentiallythoseareexactlytheseedswewillneedadecadelater.”
Scientistsarealsoworkingtolearnmoreaboutthegeneticcharacteristicsofeachbankedseed—crucialknowledgethatisoftennotrecorded.Ultimatelyplantbreederswillbeabletoconsultaglobaldatabasetofindseedssuitablefortheparticularchallengeconfrontingaregion,likecornwithastalkthatisstrongenoughtoresisthighwindsorwheatthatneedslesswater.
在上海的现代化轻轨列车上，上班族有的在打手机，有的在用笔记本电脑，有的在观赏车内顺平显示器上播放的电影。全国各地，半导体工厂在昔日的农田拔地而起，而在日益扩展的城市中，众多大学校园和新公司林立的高科技园区正再现美国硅谷的模式。
中国拥有大量的技术人才。依靠这些人才，中国的高科技设计和开发能力正日益提高。
中国政府正致力于扶持信息技术产业，使之成为一大经济支柱，重点发展半导体和软件工业，并对新公司采取提供价廉土地和税收优惠等激励措施。
对外国投资者来说，中国的美丽在于其规模庞大、扩展迅速的国内市场。另一个优势则是低工资，中国工程师的薪水仅是西方同行的十分之一。
2009年5月人事部三级笔译真题
能源
LastFridayanadvisorypaneltotheEuropeanEnvironmentAgencyissuedanextraordinaryscientificopinion:TheEuropeanunionshouldsuspenditsgoalofhaving10percentoftransportationfuelmadefrombiofuelby2020.
TheEuropeanUnion'sbiofueltargetswereincreasedandextendedfrom5.75percentby2010to10percentby2020justlastyear.Still,Europe'swell-meaningrushtobiofuels,thescientistsconcluded,hadproducedaslewofharmfulrippleeffects-fromdeforestationinSoutheastAsiatohigherpricesforgrain.
Inarecommendationreleasedlastweekend,the20-memberpanel,madeuofsomeofEurope'smostdistinguishedclimatescientists,calledthe10-percenttarget'overambitious'andan'experiment'whose'unintendedeffectsaredifficulttopredictanddifficulttocontrol.'
'Theideawasthatwefeltweneededtoslowdown,toanalyzetheissuecarefullyandthencomebackattheproblem,'LaszloSomlyody,thepanel'schairmanandaprofessorattheBudapestUniversityofTechnologyandEconomics,saidinatelephoneinterview.
Hesaidthatpartoftheproblemwasthatwhenitsetthetarget,theEuropeanUnionwastryingdesperatelytosolvetheproblemofrisingtransportationemissions'inisolation,'withoutadequatelystudyingtheeffectsofothersectorslikelanduseandfoodsupply.
'Thestartingpointwascorrect:I'mhappythattheEuropeanUniontooktheleadincuttinggreenhousegasesandweneedtocontroltrafficemissions,'Somlyodysaid.'Butthebasicproblemisitthoughtoftransportalone,withoutconsideringalltheseothereffects.Andwedon'tunderstandthoseverywellyet.'
Thepanel'sadviceisnotbindinganditisnotclearwhethertheEuropeanCommissionwillfollowtherecommendation.
Ithasbecomeincreasinglyclearthattheglobalpursuitofbiofuels--encouragedbyarashoftargetsandsubsidiesinbothEuropeandtheUnitedStates-hasnotproducedthedesiredeffect.
Investigationshaveshown,forexample,rainforestsandswampsarebeingclearedtomakewayforbiofuelplantations,aprocessthatproducesmoreemissionsthanthebiofuelscansave.
Meanwhile,landneededtoproducefoodforpeopletoeatisplantedwithmoreprofitablebiofuelcrops,andwaterisdivertedfromthedrinkingsupply.
InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,foodpricesforitemslikepizzaandbreadhaveincreasedsignificantlyasgrainstoresshrinkandwheatpricesrise.
Thepricesofwheatandricearedoublethoseofayearago,andcornisathirdhigher,theFoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaidthisweek.
'Foodpriceinflationhitsthepoorhardest,astheshareoffoodintheirtotalexpendituresismuchhigherthanthatofwealthierpopulations,'saidHenriJosserandoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganization.
Biofuelsarenot,ofcourse,theonlyreasonforhighfoodprices.Fuelusedtotransportfoodismoreexpensive,andtherehavebeenunexpecteddroughtsthisyearaswell.
Shouldweconcludethatallbiofuelsarebad
No.Butmotivatedbytheobviousproblemsnowemerging,scientistshavebeguntotakeaharderlookattheirbenefits.
Forexample,theEuropeanEnvironmentAgencyadvisorypanelsuggeststhatthebestuseofplantbiomassisnotfortransportfuelbuttoheathomesandgenerateelectricity.
Tobeusefulforvehicles,plantmattermustbedistilledtoafuelandoftentransportedlongdistances.Toheatahome,itcanoftenbeusedraworwithminimalprocessing,andmovedjustashortdistanceaway.
作为一个国际商业中心，上海拥有繁忙的港口，亚洲最重要的证券交易所之一，以及世界500强都不能忽视的巨大市场。
上海已建成全国顶级的博物馆和歌剧院，还将举办2010年世界博览会，向人们展示其商业和文化中心的地位。在世博会153年的历史中，拥有1700万人口的上海将成为发展中国家的首个东道主。
预计在2010年5月至10月的世博会期间，参观人数将达到创纪录的7000万人次。世博会的主题为：城市，让生活更美好。上海希望通过举办世博会盈利的同时，能吸引资金流向其服务业。从长远看，世博会将有利于城市改造并全面提升海海的国际形象。
上海计划为世博会投资30亿美元。为确保世博会举办期间交通顺畅，还将投入更多资金用于改造道路和地铁。
根据世博会规划，所有会展建筑将建在黄浦江两岸，包括众多高科技展厅和一个会议中心。上海市政府决心通过举办世博会，不断改善城市生活。世博会结束后，大部分场址将被改造成生活、办公和休闲设施。
2009年11月人事部三级笔译真题
PlansarewellunderwayforayearofcelebrationstomarktheupcomingbicentennialofoneofPoland'sfavoritenativesons-Frédéric,Chopin.
TheprestigiousInternationalChopinCompetitionforpianistswillmarkits16theditioninOctober2010.Heldeveryfiveyears,thecompetitiondrawsscoresofyoungmusiciansfromallovertheworld.Inaddition,Warsaw'sChopinMuseum,withtheworld'slargestcollectionofChopindocumentsandotherartifacts,willundergoatotalredesign,modernizationandexpansion.
Alavishlyillustratednewguidebookcalled'Chopin'sPoland'wasalreadypublishedthisyear.ItleadsvisitorstodozensofsitesinWarsawandelsewherearoundthecountrywherethecomposerlived,ate,studied,performed,visitedorevenpartied.
'Actually,Chopindoesn'tneedtobepromoted,butwehopethatPolandandPolishculturecanbepromotedthroughChopin,'saidMonikaStrugala,whoiscoordinatingtheChopin2010programundertheaegisoftheFryderykChopinInstitute,abodysetupbytheSejmin2001topromoteandprotectChopin'sworkandimage.
'Wewanttoconfirmtoallthatheisavery,veryimportantPolishsymbol,'shesaid.Indeed,it'snotmuchofanexaggerationtosaythatChopin'smusicflowsthroughthePolishnationalconsciousnesslikesomesortofculturallifeblood.
ThesonofaPolishmotherandaFrenchémigréfather,ChopinwasborninamanorhouseatZelazowaWola,about50kilometers,or30miles,westofWarsaw,andmovedtoWarsawasaninfant.
ThemanorissomethingofaChopinshrine-sincethe1930sithasbeenamuseumandcenterforconcerts.LiketheChopinMuseuminWarsaw,it,too,isundergoingextensiverenovationaspartofbicentennialpreparations.
Chopinspenthisfirst20yearsinandaroundWarsaw.Hewasalreadyanotedpianistasaboyandcomposedconcertosandotherimportantworksasateenager.HecarriedPolishsoilwithhimwhenheleftWarsawonaconcerttourin1830,justafewweeksbeforetheoutbreakoftheNovemberUprising,anabortivePolishrevoltagainstCzaristRussia,whichthenruledWarsawandabroadswathofPolishterritory.
ChopinremainedinexileinFranceaftertheuprisingwascrushed.ButsoattachedwashetohisnativelandthatafterhisdeathinParisin1849hisheart-onhisowninstructions-wasbroughtbacktoWarsawforinterment.TherestofhisbodyisburiedinthePèreLachaisecemeteryinParis.
'Forwhereyourtreasureis,thereyourheartwillbealso,'readstheBiblicalinscriptiononaplaquewherehisheartiskepttoday,preservedinanurnandconcealedinapillaroftheHolyCrossChurchincentralWarsaw.Mozart's'Requiem'willbeperformedhereaspartofBicentennialevents.
Exileandpatriotism,aswellasextraordinarygenius,havelongmadeChopin'sappealtranscendallmannerofsocialandpoliticaldivides.
Polishfolkmotifsthreadthroughsomeofhisfinestpieces,andpatrioticfervor,aswellashomesicklonging,infusesomeofhisbest-knownworks.
国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。主要表现在：经济增长压力明显加大，进出口继续下滑，工业生产明显放缓，部分企业生产经营困难，就业难度加大。这场国际金融危机与中国发展方式转变、经济结构调整的关键时期不期而遇，新的挑战与既有矛盾相互交织，加大了我们解决问题的难度。
为应对国际金融危机冲击、保持经济平稳较快发展，中国及时调整宏观经济政策，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，形成了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划。
中国政府大规模增加政府支出，实施总额４万亿元人民币的两年投资计划，实行结构性减税政策，多次降息和增加银行体系流动性，大范围实施产业调整振兴规划，大力推进科技创新和技术改造，大力加强节能减排和生态环境保护，继续调整国民收入分配格局，大力拓展国内市场特别是农村市场，大幅度提高社会保障水平。
这些措施已取得初步成效。国内消费需求比较旺盛，投资需求稳步提高，社会大局保持稳定。
2010年5月9日人事部三级笔译真题回忆英译汉（出自纽约时报2009.3.26）：
2010年11月人事部三级笔译真题
互联网推进了中国经济社会发展。在经济领域，互联网加速向传统产业渗透，产业边界日益交融，新型商务模式和服务经济加速兴起，衍生了新的业态。互联网在促进经济结构调整、转变经济发展方式等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。互联网成为推动中国经济发展的重要引擎。包括互联网在内的信息技术与产业，对中国经济高速增长作出了重要贡献。互联网与实体经济不断融合，利用互联网改造和提升传统产业，带动了传统产业结构调整和经济发展方式的转变。互联网发展与运用还催生了一批新兴产业，工业咨询、软件服务、外包服务等工业服务业蓬勃兴起。信息技术在加快自主创新和节能降耗，推动减排治污等方面的作用日益凸显，互联网已经成为中国发展低碳经济的新型战略性产业。中国政府将大力推动电子商务类、教育类网站发展，积极推进电子政务建设，支持发展网络广播、网络电视等新兴媒体，倡导提供形式多样、内容丰富的互联网信息服务，以满足人们多样化、多层次的信息消费需求。
2011年5月人事部三级笔译真题
英国著名古迹“巨石阵”维修工程因财政预算推迟Stonehenge,England—TheprehistoricmonumentofStonehengestandstallintheBritishcountrysideasoneofthelastremnantsoftheNeolithicAge.Recentlyithasalsobecomethelatestsymbolofanotherera:thenewfiscalausterity.
Renovations—includingaplantoreplacethesite’srun-downvisitorscenterwithonealmostfivetimesbiggerandtocloseabusyroadthatrunsalongthe5,000-year-oldmonument—hadtobemothballedinJune.TheBritishgovernmenthadsuddenlywithdrawn￡10million,or$16million,infinancingfortheprojectaspartofabudgetsqueeze.
Stonehenge,onceatemplewithgiantstoneslabsalignedinacircletomarkthepassageofthesun,isamongthemostprominentvictimsofthegovernment’sspendingcuts.Thedecisionwasheavilycriticizedbylocallawmakers,especiallybecauseStonehenge,aUnesco
WorldHeritagesite,waspartofLondon’ssuccessfulbidtohostthe2012OlympicGames.Theshabbyvisitorscentertherenowisalreadytoosmallforthe950,000peoplewhovisitStonehengeeachyear,letalonetheadditionalonslaughtoftouristsexpectedfortheGames,thelawmakerssay.
StonehengeisthebusiesttouristattractioninBritain’ssouthwest,toppingevenWindsorCastle.Butnomajorimprovementshavebeenmadetothefacilitiestheresincetheywerebuilt40yearsago.Fornow,portabletoiletsleadfromacrammedparkinglot,viaamakeshiftsouvenirshopinatent,toaticketofficeoppositeasmallkioskthatsellscoffeeandsnacks.
Theoverhaulwasscheduledfornextspring.PlansbythearchitecturalfirmDentonCorkerMarshallwouldkeepthestonemonumentitselfunchanged.Butthecurrentticketofficeandshopwouldbedemolishedandanewvisitorscenterwouldbebuiltontheothersideofthemonument,abouttwoandahalfkilometers,or1.5miles,fromthestones.Thecenterwouldincludeashopalmostfivetimesthesizeofthecurrentone,aproperrestaurant,threetimesasmanyparkingspotsandanexhibitionspacetoprovidemoreinformationaboutStonehenge’shistory.
Atransitsystemwouldshuttlevisitorsbetweenthecenterandthestoneswhilefootpathswouldencouragetouriststowalktothemonumentandexplorethesurroundingburialhills.Theclosedroadwouldbegrassedovertoimprovethesurroundinglandscape.
Lastyear,the￡27millionprojectwonthebackingofformerPrimeMinisterGordonBrown.Aftermorethan25yearsofbickeringwithlocalcommunitiesabouthowandwheretobuildthenewcenter,planningpermissionwasgrantedinJanuary.ConstructionwassupposedtostartnextyearandbecompletedintimefortheOlympics—buttheeconomicdownturnhaschangedthoseplans.
Thenewprimeminister,DavidCameron,hasreversedmanyofhispredecessor’spromisesaspartofaprogramtocutmorethan￡99billionannuallyoverthenextfiveyearstohelpcloseagapingbudgetdeficit.ThefinancingforStonehengefellinthefirstroundofcuts,worthabout￡6.2billion,fromthebudgetforthecurrentyear,alongwithsupportforahospitalandtheBritishFilmInstitute.
EnglishHeritage,apartlygovernment-financedorganizationthatownsStonehengeandmorethan400otherhistoricsitesinthecountry,isnowaggressivelylookingforprivatedonations.Buttheeconomicdownturnhasmadetheendeavormoredifficult.
Hunchedoverarchitecturalrenderingsofthenewcenter,LoraineKnowles,Stonehenge’sprojectdirector,saidshewasdisappointedthatthegovernmenthadwithdrawnmoneywhilecontinuingtosupportmuseumsinLondon,liketheTateandtheBritishMuseum.ButMs.KnowlessaidshewashopefulthatEnglishHeritagecouldraisethemoneyelsewhere.Stonehenge,shesaid,couldthenalsobecome“ashiningexampleofhowphilanthropycouldwork.”
汉译英：2010年9月7日国家副主席习近平在联合国贸发会的发言
坚持对外开放基本国策，坚定不移地发展开放型经济、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，是改革开放30多年来中国经济持续快速发展的一条成功经验。招商引资、择优选资，促进“引资”与“引智”相结合，是中国对外开放的重要内容。截至2010年7月，中国累计设立外商投资企业69.8万家，实际使用外资1.05万亿美元。目前中国22%的税收、28%的工业增加值、55%的进出口、50%的技术引进、约4500万
人的就业，都来自外商投资企业的贡献。对外开放、吸引外资是互利共赢的。对中国来说，通过持续吸引外资为国家现代化建设提供了必要的资金、先进的技术和宝贵的管理经验以及众多国际化人才。对外商投资企业来说，则赢得了可观的投资回报，不少在华外商投资企业成为其母公司全球业务的增长亮点和利润中心。联合国贸发会议最新调查显示，目前中国依然是全球最具吸引力的投资东道国。
近年来，中国全面把握对外开放阶段性特点，按照完善内外联动、互利共赢、安全高效的开放型经济体系的要求，总结实践中的成功经验，把“引进来”和“走出去”更好地结合起来，创新对外投资和合作方式，支持企业在研发、生产、销售等方面开展国际化经营。截至2009年底，中国共在境外设立企业1.3万家，境外企业资产总额超过1万亿美元，对外投资存量已达2457亿美元，投资区域遍布全球177个
2011年11月13号catti三级笔译真题
Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation(50points)TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.即使碰着丰收年成，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的进口仍是一项艰难的使命。中国当时势临良多挑战，最严重的挑战之一就是耕地流失踪。曩昔几年中，平均每年有66.7万公顷耕地被城市扩建、工业成长以及公路培植工程占用，还有1万平方公里的耕地被沙漠吞噬。中国北方地域地下水位下降，农人不得不改种耐旱、地产作物，甚至撂荒。同时，农业基本行动措施损耗严重，三分之二的浇灌行动措施需要整修。因为农人为增添收入而改种经济作物，农业出产体例正在改变。曩昔十几年，全国水不美观和蔬菜种植面积平均每年增添130万公顷。是以，水稻、玉米及小麦产量急剧下降。中国已由粮食净出口国变为粮食净进口国。中国政府把农业更始视为甲等大事，投入大量资金用于提高小麦和稻米的收购价以及改良农田浇灌基本行动措施。近年来，农产物的价钱稳步上升，中国政府采纳此项法子音提高农人种粮的积极性。
2012年5月27日人事部笔译三级（CATTI）实务真题。
E-C（选自纽约时报）
BackhomeinGambia,AmadouJallowwas,at22,aloverofreggaewhohadjustfinishedcollegeandhadlandedajobteachingscienceinahighschool.ButEuropebeckoned.
InhisWestAfricanho,meland,Mr,.Jallow’ssalary,wastheequivalentofjust50eurosamonth,barelyenoughforthenecessities,hesaid.AndeverywhereinhisneighborhoodinSerekunda,Gambia’slargestcity,therewastalkofeasymoneytobemadeinEurope.
Nowhelaughsbitterlyaboutallthattalk.HelivesinapatchofwoodshereinsouthernSpain,justoutsidethevillageofPalosdelaFrontera,withhundredsofotherimmigrants.Theyhavebuilttheirhomesoutofplasticsheetingandcardboard,unsureifthewatertheydrinkfromanopenpipeissafe.Aftersixyearsonthecontinent,Mr.Jallowisrailthin,andhiseyeshaveayellowtinge.
“Wearenotbushpeople,”hesaidrecentlyashegatheredtwigstostartafire.“Youthinkyouarecivilized.Butthisishowwelivehere.Wesufferhere.”
ThepoliticalupheavalinLibyainNorthAfricahasopenedthewayforthousandsofnewmigrantstomaketheirwaytoEuropeacrosstheMediterranean.ButforMr.Jallowandformanyotherswhoarrivedbeforethem,oftenafterdaysatseawithoutfoodorwater,Europehasofferedhardshipstheyneverimagined.ThesedaysMr.Jallowsurvivesontwomealsaday,mostlyaleadenpastemadefromflourandoil,whichhestirswithabranch.“Itkeepsthehungeraway,”hesaid.
Theauthoritiesestimatethatthereareperhaps10,000immigrantslivinginthewoodsinthesouthernSpanishprovinceofAndalusia,aregionknownforitscropsofstrawberries,raspberriesandblueberries,andtherearethousandsmoremigrantsinareasthatproduceolives,orangesandvegetables.MostofthemhavestoriesthatechoMr.Jallow’s.
Fromtheroad,theirencampmentslooklikeigloostuckedamongthetrees.Upclose,thesqualorisclear.Pilesofgarbageandfliesareeverywhere.Oldclothesstifffromdirtandrain,hangfrombranches.“Thereiseverythinginthere,”saidDiegoCa?amero,theleaderofthefarmworkers’unioninAndalusia,whichtriestoadvocateforthemen.“Youhaveratsandsnakesandmiceandfleas.”
Themeninthewoodsdonotcallhomewiththetruth,though.TheysendpicturesofthemselvesposingnexttoMercedescarsparkedonthestreet,thekindofpicturesthatMr.Jallowsayshefellforsomanyyearsago.Nowheshakeshisheadtowardhisneighbors,whowillnottalktoreporters.“Somanylies,”hesaid.“Itisterriblewhattheyaredoing.Buttheyareembarrassed.”
Evennow,though,Mr.JallowwillnotconsidergoingbacktoGambia.“Iwouldprefertodiehere,”hesaid.“Icannotgohomeempty-handed.IfIwenthome,theywouldbesaying,‘Whathaveyoubeendoingwithyourself,Amadou’TheythinkinEuropethereismoneyallover.”
Theimmigrants—virtuallyallofthemaremen—clusterbynationalityandlookforworkonthefarms.ButMr.Ca?amerosaystheyareofferedonlytheleastdesirablework,likehandlingpesticides,andlittleofitatthat.Mosthavenoworkingpapers.Occasionally,thepolicebringbulldozerstoteardowntheshelters.Butthemen,whohaveusuallyusedtheirfamily’slifesavingstogethere,aremostlyleftalone—theconditionstheyliveunderareanopensecretinthenearbyvillages.