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北大法宝英文译本库
[CLICode]CLI.1.5112803(EN)
LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonScientificandTechnologicalProgress(2021Revision)
目录
TableofContents
第一章总则
ChapterIGeneralProvisions
第二章基础研究
ChapterIIBasicResearch
第三章应用研究与成果转化
ChapterIIIAppliedResearchandCommercializationofAchievements
第四章企业科技创新
ChapterIVScientificandTechnologicalInnovationbyEnterprises
第五章科学技术研究开发机构
ChapterVScientificandTechnologicalResearchandDevelopmentInstitutions
第六章科学技术人员
ChapterVIScienceandTechnologyPersonnel
第七章区域科技创新
ChapterVIIRegionalScientificandTechnologicalInnovation
第八章国际科学技术合作
ChapterVIIIInternationalScientificandTechnologicalCooperation
第九章保障措施
ChapterIXSafeguardMeasures
第十章监督管理
ChapterXSupervisionandAdministration
第十一章法律责任
ChapterXILegalLiability
第十二章附则
ChapterXIISupplementaryProvisions
第一条为了全面促进科学技术进步,发挥科学技术第一生产力、创新第一动力、人才第一资源的作用,促进科技成果向现实生产力转化,推动科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展,全面建设社会主义现代化国家,根据宪法,制定本法。
Article1ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionforthepurposesofcomprehensivelypromotingscientificandtechnologicalprogress,maximizingtheroleofscienceandtechnologyastheprimaryproductiveforce,ofinnovationastheprimarydrivingforce,andoftalentsasprimaryresources,promotingthetransformationofscientificandtechnologicalachievementsintopracticalproductiveforces,promptingscientificandtechnologicalinnovationtosupportandleadeconomicandsocialdevelopment,andbuildingamodernsocialistcountryinanall-roundmanner.
第二条坚持中国共产党对科学技术事业的全面领导。
Article2TheoverallleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChinaoverthecauseofscienceandtechnologyshallbeadheredto.
国家坚持新发展理念,坚持科技创新在国家现代化建设全局中的核心地位,把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑,实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略和创新驱动发展战略,走中国特色自主创新道路,建设科技强国。
Thestateshalladheretothenewdevelopmentconceptandthecorepositionofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationinthebigpictureofnationalmodernizationdrive,takescientificandtechnologicalself-relianceasthestrategicsupportfornationaldevelopment,implementtheStrategyofInvigoratingChinathroughScienceandEducation,theStrategyofStrengtheningChinathroughTalents,andtheInnovation-DrivenDevelopmentStrategy,followthepathofindependentinnovationwithChinesecharacteristics,andtransformChinaintoacountrythatisstronginscienceandtechnology.
第一百一十六条涉及国防科学技术进步的其他有关事项,由国务院、中央军事委员会规定。
Article116OthermattersconcerningscientificandtechnologicalprogressinnationaldefenseshallbeprescribedbytheStateCouncilandtheCentralMilitaryCommission.
第一百一十七条本法自2022年1月1日起施行。
Article117ThisLawshallcomeintoforceonJanuary1,2022.
[CLICode]CLI.1.5112804(EN)
LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonNoisePollutionPreventionandControl
第二章噪声污染防治标准和规划
ChapterIIStandardsandPlansforNoisePollutionPreventionandControl
第三章噪声污染防治的监督管理
ChapterIIISupervisionandAdministrationofNoisePollutionPreventionandControl
第四章工业噪声污染防治
ChapterIVPreventionandControlofIndustrialNoisePollution
第五章建筑施工噪声污染防治
ChapterVPreventionandControlofConstructionNoisePollution
第六章交通运输噪声污染防治
ChapterVIPreventionandControlofTrafficNoisePollution
第七章社会生活噪声污染防治
ChapterVIIPreventionandControlofCommunityNoisePollution
第八章法律责任
ChapterVIIILegalLiability
第九章附则
ChapterIXSupplementalProvisions
第一条为了防治噪声污染,保障公众健康,保护和改善生活环境,维护社会和谐,推进生态文明建设,促进经济社会可持续发展,制定本法。
Article1ThisLawisenactedforthepurposesofpreventingandcontrollingnoisepollution,guaranteeingpublichealth,protectingandimprovingthelivingenvironment,maintainingsocialharmony,advancingecologicalconservation,andpromotingsustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopment.
第二条本法所称噪声,是指在工业生产、建筑施工、交通运输和社会生活中产生的干扰周围生活环境的声音。
Article2ForthepurposesofthisLaw,“noise”meansthesoundthatisemittedinthecourseofindustrialproduction,construction,transportationandsocialactivitiesandthatimpairsthelivingenvironmentofsurroundingarea.
本法所称噪声污染,是指超过噪声排放标准或者未依法采取防控措施产生噪声,并干扰他人正常生活、工作和学习的现象。
ForthepurposesofthisLaw,“noisepollution”meansnoiseemissionthatexceedstheprescribednoiseemissionstandardsoristheresultoffailuretotakepreventionandcontrolmeasuresinaccordancewiththelawandthatdisruptsothers'normallife,workandstudy.
第三条噪声污染的防治,适用本法。
Article3ThisLawshallapplytothepreventionandcontrolofnoisepollution.
因从事本职生产经营工作受到噪声危害的防治,适用劳动保护等其他有关法律的规定。
Theprovisionsoflawsonlaborprotectionandotherrelevantlawsshallapplytothepreventionandcontrolofnoisehazardsresultingfromproductionorbusinessoperationsomeoneisengagedin.
第八十八条本法中下列用语的含义:
Article88ForthepurposesofthisLaw,thefollowingtermsshallhavethefollowingmeanings:
(一)噪声排放,是指噪声源向周围生活环境辐射噪声;
(1)“Noiseemission”meanstheemissionofnoisefromthesourcetothesurroundinglivingenvironment.
(2)“Nighttime”meanstheperiodfrom10:00p.m.to6:00a.m.ofthefollowingday.Thepeople'sgovernmentatorabovethelevelofacitydividedintodistrictsmayseparatelyprovideforthestartingandendingtimeofnighttimewithinitsadministrativeregion,andthelengthofnighttimeshallbeeighthours.
(三)噪声敏感建筑物,是指用于居住、科学研究、医疗卫生、文化教育、机关团体办公、社会福利等需要保持安静的建筑物;
(3)“Noise-sensitivebuildings”meansthebuildingsthatrequireaquietenvironmentforresidentialuse,scientificresearch,medicaltreatmentandhealth,cultureandeducation,officeworkofgovernmentagenciesandorganizations,andsocialwelfare,amongothers.
(四)交通干线,是指铁路、高速公路、一级公路、二级公路、城市快速路、城市主干路、城市次干路、城市轨道交通线路、内河高等级航道。
(4)“Traffictrunklines”meansrailways,expressways,first-classhighways,second-classhighways,urbanexpressways,urbantrunkroads,urbansub-trunkroads,urbanrailtransitlines,andhigh-gradeinlandwaterways.
第八十九条省、自治区、直辖市或者设区的市、自治州根据实际情况,制定本地方噪声污染防治具体办法。
Article89Provinces,autonomousregions,municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment,districtedcities,andautonomousprefecturesmay,accordingtotheactualcircumstances,developthespecificmeasuresfornoisepollutionpreventionandcontrolintheirrespectiveregions.
第九十条本法自2022年6月5日起施行。《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》同时废止。
Article90ThisLawshallcomeintoforceonJune5,2022,uponwhichtheLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonthePreventionandControlofPollutionfromEnvironmentalNoiseshallberepealed.
[CLICode]CLI.1.5114193(EN)
SeedLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(2021Amendment)
第二章种质资源保护
ChapterIIProtectionofGermPlasmResources
第三章品种选育、审定与登记
ChapterIIIVarietySelection,Cultivation,ApprovalandRegistration
第四章新品种保护
ChapterIVProtectionofNewVarieties
第五章种子生产经营
ChapterVSeedProductionandBusinessOperation
第六章种子监督管理
ChapterVISupervisionandAdministrationRelatedtoSeeds
第七章种子进出口和对外合作
ChapterVIISeedImportandExportandCooperationwithForeignCountries
第八章扶持措施
ChapterVIIISupportMeasures
第九章法律责任
ChapterIXLegalLiability
第十章附则
ChapterXSupplementaryProvisions
第一条为了保护和合理利用种质资源,规范品种选育、种子生产经营和管理行为,加强种业科学技术研究,鼓励育种创新,保护植物新品种权,维护种子生产经营者、使用者的合法权益,提高种子质量,发展现代种业,保障国家粮食安全,促进农业和林业的发展,制定本法。
Article1ThisLawisdevelopedforthepurposesofprotectingandmakingrationaluseofgermplasmresources,standardizingvarietyselectionandbreeding,aswellasseedproductionandtradeandtheadministrationthereof,strengtheningthescientificandtechnologicalresearchoftheseedindustry,encouragingbreedinginnovation,protectingtherightstonewvarietiesofplants,safeguardingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofseedproducers,tradersandusers,improvingthequalityofseeds,developingthemodernseedindustry,guaranteeingthegrainsecurityofthestate,andpromotingthedevelopmentofagricultureandforestry.
第二条在中华人民共和国境内从事品种选育、种子生产经营和管理等活动,适用本法。
Article2ThisLawshallapplytovarietyselectionandcultivation,seedproduction,businessoperationandmanagement,andotheractivitiesconductedwithintheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.
本法所称种子,是指农作物和林木的种植材料或者繁殖材料,包括籽粒、果实、根、茎、苗、芽、叶、花等。
ForthepurposeofthisLaw,“seeds”meanthematerialsforplantingorpropagatingcropsandforesttrees,includinggrains,fruits,roots,stems,seedlings,sprouts,leaves,andflowers,amongothers.
第九十条本法下列用语的含义是:
Article90ForthepurposeofthisLaw,thefollowingtermsshallhavethefollowingmeanings:
(一)种质资源是指选育植物新品种的基础材料,包括各种植物的栽培种、野生种的繁殖材料以及利用上述繁殖材料人工创造的各种植物的遗传材料。
(1)“Germplasmresources”meansthebasicmaterialsforbreedingnewvarietiesofplants,includingthepropagationmaterialsforthecultigensandwildspeciesofvariousplantsaswellasthehereditarymaterialsofthevariousplantsartificiallycreatedwiththeaforesaidpropagationmaterials.
(二)品种是指经过人工选育或者发现并经过改良,形态特征和生物学特性一致,遗传性状相对稳定的植物群体。
(2)“Varieties”meanstheplantcolonythathasbeenselected,cultivated,found,andimprovedbyhuman,ofwhichtheshapeandbiologicalcharacteristicsareuniform,andgeneticcharacteristicsarerelativelystable.
(三)主要农作物是指稻、小麦、玉米、棉花、大豆。
(3)“Maincrops”meansrice,wheat,maize,cotton,andsoybean.
[CLICode]CLI.1.5114194(EN)
TradeUnionLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(2021Amendment)
Chapter1GeneralProvisions
第二章工会组织
Chapter2TradeUnionOrganizations
第三章工会的权利和义务
Chapter3RightsandObligationsofaTradeUnion
第四章基层工会组织
Chapter4Basic-levelTradeUnionOrganizations
第五章工会的经费和财产
Chapter5TradeUnionFundsandAssets
第六章法律责任
Chapter6LegalResponsibilities
第七章附则
Chapter7SupplementaryProvisions
第一条为保障工会在国家政治、经济和社会生活中的地位,确定工会的权利与义务,发挥工会在社会主义现代化建设事业中的作用,根据宪法,制定本法。
Article1ThisLawisformulatedinaccordancewiththeConstitutiontoprotectthepositionoftradeunionsinStatepolitical,economicandsociallife,toclarifytherightsandobligationsoftradeunionsandtoenablethemtoplaytheirproperroleinthedevelopmentofChina'ssocialistmodernization.
第二条工会是中国共产党领导的职工自愿结合的工人阶级群众组织,是中国共产党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带。
Article2TradeunionsaremassorganizationsoftheworkingclassformedbyemployeesoftheirownfreewillundertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina,andarethebridgeandlinkbetweentheCommunistPartyofChinaandtheworkingmasses.
中华全国总工会及其各工会组织代表职工的利益,依法维护职工的合法权益。
TheAll-ChinaFederationofTradeUnionsandallofitstradeunionorganizationsshallrepresenttheinterestsoftheemployeesandprotectthelegalrightsandinterestsoftheemployees.
Article3Alllaborersinenterprises,publicinstitutions,governmentagencies,andsocialorganizationsinChina(hereinaftercollectivelyreferredtoas“employers”)whoearntheirlivingprimarilyfromwagesshallhavetherighttoparticipateinandformtradeunionsinaccordancewiththelaw,regardlessofethnicstatus,race,sex,occupation,religiousbelieforeducation.Noorganizationorindividualmayhinderorrestrictthemfromdoingso.
工会适应企业组织形式、职工队伍结构、劳动关系、就业形态等方面的发展变化,依法维护劳动者参加和组织工会的权利。
Tradeunionsshalladapttothedevelopmentandchangesinsuchaspectsasthebusinessformsofenterprises,thestructuresoftheworkforce,laborrelations,andemploymentpatterns,andshallsafeguardtherightoflaborerstoparticipateinandformtradeunionsinaccordancewiththelaw.
第五十七条中华全国总工会会同有关国家机关制定机关工会实施本法的具体办法。
Article57ThespecificmeasuresfortheimplementationofthisLawofthetradeunionsofstateorgansshallbeformulatedbytheAll-ChinaFederationofTradeUnionstogetherwiththerelevantstateorgans.
第五十八条本法自公布之日起施行。1950年6月29日中央人民政府颁布的《中华人民共和国工会法》同时废止。
Article58ThisLawshalltakeeffectfromthedateofpromulgation.TheTradeUnionLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,issuedonJune29,1950bythePeople'sCentralGovernment,shallbeannulledsimultaneously.
附《种子法》、《工会法》修改决定,供参阅:
ThelinksbeneathareAmendingDecisionsoftheSeedLawandtheTradeUnionLawforreference:
DecisionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongresstoAmendtheSeedLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(2021)
DecisionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongresstoAmendtheTradeUnionLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(2021)
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