2005年硕士研究生入学考试英语命题预测试卷(十)及答案

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

ItisacknowledgedthatthemodernmusicalshowisAmerica'smostoriginalanddynamiccontributiontowardtheater.Inthelastquarterofacentury,Americahasproducedlarge1ofmusicalplaysthathavebeenpopularabroad2athome.3,itisverydifficulttoexplain4isnewor5Americanaboutthem,forthe6arecenturiesold.

PerhapstheuniquenessofAmerica'scontributiontothe7canbestbecharacterizedthroughbriefdescriptionsofseveralofthemostimportantandbest-knownmusicals.OneoftheseissurelyOklahomabyRichardRogersandOscarHamerstein.Itburst8popularityin1943.Broadwayaudienceandcriticswere9byits10,vitalityandexcitement.This"new"typeofmusicalwas11askindof12theaterinwhichtheplay,themusicandlyrics,thedancing,andthescenicbackgroundwereassemblednotmerelytoprovideentertainmentand13,butto14inasingleunifyingwholetocontributetoitsuniquefeature.15,itmeantthatthesongsanddancesshould16naturallyoutofthesituationsofthestoryandplayanimportantpartincarryingtheaction17.InOklahoma,anAmericanfolk-dancestylewasorganicallycombinedwithclassicalballetandmoderndance.Itisrighttosaythatthemusicalwasabrilliantlyintegratedperformancebythetalenteddancersandsingingactors.

Oklahomaalsomarkedanew18inthechoiceofstoryonwhichamusicalisbased.Writersandcomposersbegantoabandonthesentimentallypicturesqueoraristocraticsetting19morerealisticstoriesinauthenticsocialandcultural20.Oklahomawasbasedona"folk"whosestorydealtnotonlywithyounglovebutalsowiththeopeningoftheAmericanWest.

1AnumberBamountCquantityDnumbers

2AbetterthanBinsteadofCaswellasDratherthan

3AThereforeBYetCMoreoverDThus

4AwhichBthatCwhatDhow

5AcharacteristicallyBparticularlyCmainlyDexactly

6AfactorsBingredientsCcomposersDfacts

7AtraitBfeatureCgenreDstyle

8AwithBintoCoutintoDin

9AstruckBtouchedCmovedDhit

10AvivacityBoriginalityCcreativityDdynamic

11AconceivedBthoughtCbelievedDperceived

12AspecialBpeculiarCgrossDtotal

13AvarietyBamusementCsundriesDfun

14AmixBjoinCputDshare

15AInotherwordsBTosumupCOnthecontraryDGenerallyspeaking

16AariseBderiveCraiseDoriginate

17AoutBonCforwardDthrough

18AdirectionBwayCmethodDepoch

19AforBwithCwithoutDexcept

20AcircumstancesBcontextCsituationDsurroundings

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1(40points)

Text1

Itappearsasifaformofelitistblindnesshasemanatedfromfartoomanyoftheleadingeducationaltheoristsandsocalledexpertsregardingthesignificanceandimportanceofrecognizingtheenormousroleofmediaintheeverydaylivesofbothteacherandstudent.Thereisalsoapervasivefailuretoemploythesecommonandsharedmaterialsandmediainamannerthatintensifiesandenhancestheexperienceofeducationthroughteachingaboutthesemiotic(符号学的)codesandideologicalframesthatorganizeandstructuresomuchofmediaculture.Further,thereisageneralfailureindevelopingcriticalskillsandanalyticabilitiesthatempowerbothteacherandstudent,providingthemwiththeskillstoanalyticallycriticizeandinterpretmediaculture.Moreover,criticalmedialiteracyinthecomputereraisnecessaryforunderstandingandnavigatingwithinevermorecomplextechnological/ideologicalformsthatrequirecomputerandmultimedialiteracysoastoenablestudentstoutilizecomputers,CD-ROMs,theWorldWideWeb,andtheInternet.

21Whatisthesubjectofthispassage

ATheroleofcomputerandmultimediaineducation.

BInadequaciesinunderstandingandusingeducationaltechnologies.

CTheadvantagesofeducationaltechnology.

DTheprospectofneweducationaltechnology.

22Intheauthor'sopinion,filmandtelevision.

Ahashelpedrevitalizeeducation

Bhasbeenusedinclassroominaimaginativeway

Cwereusedtoteachmedialiteracy

Dwereusedinaimproperwayineducation

23Accordingtotheauthor,somepeoplecriticizetheroleofcomputerandmultimediaintheschoolnotbecause.

Atheydon'tunderstandthegreatpositiveeffectofnewtechnologiesineducation

Btheypaytoomuchattentiononthenegativeeffectofmultimedia

Ctheycan'tunderstandthenatureofcomputerliteracy

Dtheydon'tknowhowimportantcomputerliteracyis

24Whichofthefollowingisnottheshortageinpresenteducation

ATechnologicalmaterialsandmediaarenotusedtoteachaboutthesemioticcodesandideologicalfames.

BTeachersandstudentsareinlackofcriticalskillsandanalyticabilities.

CTechnologicalliteraciesareonlyoccupiedanddiscussedbyteachers.

DStudentscan'tmakefullyuseofcomputers,CDROMs,theWorldWideWeb,andtheInternet.

25Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

Asincenewtechnologieshavebeeninvented,oldermediashouldbeeliminated

Bcomputerizationmayworsenthepresentsituationofeducation

Cmanyeducationaltheoristsandexpertshaven'trealizetheimportanceofmediaineducation

Dmediacultureisorganizedbysemioticcodesandideologicalframes

Text2

Languageisviewedasasystemofformsinlinguistics,butitisregardedasasetofskillsinthefieldoflanguageteaching.Linguisticresearchisconcernedwiththeestablishmentoftheorieswhichexplainsthephenomenaoflanguage,whereaslanguageteachingaimsatthelearner'smasteryoflanguage.

Tobridgethegapbetweenthetheoriesoflinguisticsandthepracticeofforeignlanguageteaching,APPLIEDLINGUISTICSservesasamediatingareawhichinterpretstheresultsoflinguistictheoriesandmakesthemuser-friendlytothelanguageteacherandlearner.

Appliedlinguisticsisconducivetoforeignlanguageteachingintwomajoraspects:

Firstly,appliedlinguisticsextendstheoreticallinguisticsinthedirectionoflanguagelearningandteaching,sothattheteacherisenabledtomakebetterdecisionsonthegoalandcontentoftheteaching.Whenfacedwiththetaskofdesigningasyllabus,theteacherhasanumberofchoices.Shouldhesetouttoteachthelanguageusedinliteraryworks,orthatindailycommunicationShouldheteachthegeneralsystemofthelanguage,orapartofthissystemWhataretheprinciplesofcompilingorchoosingtextbookWhatkindofexercisesismostsuitableToanswerthesequestions,theteacherisconsciouslyorunconsciouslyusinghisunderstandingofthenatureoflanguagelearning.Appliedlinguisticsprovidestheteacherwithaformalknowledgeofthenatureoflanguageandlanguagesystem,andthusincreaseshisunderstandingofthenatureoflanguagelearning.Asaresult,theteachercanmakemoreinformeddecisionsonwhatapproachtotake,hencewhattoteach.

Secondly,appliedlinguisticsstatestheinsightsandimplicationsthatlinguistictheorieshaveonthelanguageteachingmethodology.Oncethegoalandcontentoftheteachingaresettled,theteacherhastoconsiderquestionsofhowtoteach.Shouldtheteaching-learningprocessbeteacher-centred,textbook-centred,orlearner-centredHowshouldthelearner'serrorsbetreatedWhattechniquesshouldbeadoptedintheclassroomSinceappliedlinguisticsdefinesthenatureoflanguagelearninginconnectionwithvariouslinguistictheories,ithelpstheteachertochooseteachingmethodsandtechniques.

26.What'sthepassagemainlyabout

A.Therelationoflinguisticstoforeignlanguageteaching.

B.Theadvantagesofappliedlinguistics.

C.Themethodsofforeignlanguageteaching.

D.Thedefinitionofappliedlinguistics.

27.Languageteachersandlearnersshouldteachorlearnlinguistics.Because.

A.linguisticsisthescientificstudyoflanguage

B.thestudyoflinguisticswouldhelpalotinlanguageteachingandlearning

C.there'smuchdifferencebetweenlinguisticsandlanguageteachingorlearning

D.languageisasystemofformsinlinguistics

28.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutappliedlinguistics

A.It'sonebranchoflinguistics.

B.Ithelpsteacherstodecidethecontentofteaching.

C.It'snotusefultoforeignlanguagelearning.

D.Itmakestheresultsoflinguisticstheoriesmorepractical.

29.Wecouldinferfromthetextthat.

A.appliedlinguisticsisonesubjectthatateachershouldteach

B.appliedlinguisticscouldrevealthenatureoflanguagelearning

C.appliedlinguisticsistooabstractforthelearnerstounderstand

D.theteacher-learningprocessshouldbeteacher-centred

30.Whichofthefollowingquestionsappliedlinguisticscan'tsolve

A.WhatshouldateacherteachB.Howshouldateacherteach

C.WhyshouldateacherteachD.Howtochooseatextbook

Text3

Whatwillitmeantoknowthecompletehumangenome.EricLanderofMIT'sWhiteheadInstitutecomparesittothediscoveryoftheperiodictableoftheelementsinthelate1800s."Genomicsisnowprovidingbiology'speriodictable."saysLander."Scientistswillknowthateveryphenomenonmustbeexplainableintermsofthismeanslylist"whichwillinonasingleCD-ROM.AlreadyresearchersareextractingDNAfrompatients,attachingfluorescentmoleculesandsprinklingthesampleonaglasschipwhosesurfaceisspeckledwith10,000knowngenes.Alaserreadsthefluorescence,whichindicateswhichoftheknowngenesonthechipareinthemysterysamplefromthepatient.Inonlythelastfewmonthssuch"gene-expressionmonitoring"hasdiagnosedamuscletumorinaboythoughttohaveleukemia,anddistinguishedbetweentwokindsofcancerthatrequireverydifferentchemotherapy.

Butdecodingthebookoflifeposesdauntingmoraldilemmas.Withknowledgeofourgeneticcodewillcomethepowertore-engineerthehumanspecies.Biologistswillbeabletousethegenomeasapartslistmuchascustomersscouralistofchinatoreplacebrokenplatesandmaywellletprospectiveparentschoosetheirunbornchild'straits.Scientistshavesolidleadsongenesfordifferenttemperaments,bodybuilds,staturesandcognitiveabilities.AndifanyonestillbelievesthatparentswillrecoilatprayingGod,andleavetheirbaby'sfateinthehandsofnaturerecallthatcoupleshavealreadycreatedafrenziedmarketineggsfromIvyLeaguewomen.

Beyondtheprofoundethicalissuesarepracticalconcerns.Theeasieritistochangeourselvesandourchildren,thelesssocietymaytoleratethosewhodonot;warnsLoriAndrewsofKentCollegeofLaw.Ifgenetictestsinuteruspredictmentaldullness,obesity,shortstatureorotherundesirabletraitsofthemomentwillsocietydisparagechildrenwhoseparentsletthembebornwiththosetraitsAlready,Andrewsfinds,somenursesanddoctorsblameparentsforbringingintotheworldachildwhosebirthdefectwasdiagnosablebeforedelivery;howlongwillitbebeforethesamecondemnationappliestocosmeticimperfectionsAnevengreaterconcernisthatwell-intentionedchoicesbymillionsofindividualparents-to-becouldadduptounforeseenconsequencesforallofhumankind.Itjustsohappensthatsomediseasegenesalsoconferresistancetodisease:carryingageneforsicklecellanemia,forinstance,bringsresistancetomalaria.Arewesmartenough,andwiseenough,toknowhowknockingout"bad"geneswillaffectourevolutionasaspecies

31Themainsimilaritybetweenthebiology'speriodictableandtheperiodictableoftheelementsis.

Atheyarebothlists

Btheycanbeusedtoexplaineveryphenomenonintheirownfields

Ctheycanbeusedtodiagnosediseases

Dtheyarebothusedtocurediseases

32Inthesecondparagraph,"thebookoflife"refersto.

AabookwrittenbyaprophetBabookwrittenbyabiologist

CtheperiodictableoftheelementsDthehumangenome

33WecaninferthatsomecouplesareeagertogeteggsfromIvyleaguewomenbecause.

Atheycan'tgivebirthtochildren

Btheywanttohaveagood-lookingchild

Ctheywanttohaveacleverchild

Dcuriositydrivesthemtodothat

34Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat.

A"gene-expressionmonitoring"ishelpfulincuringdiseases

Ballofthediseasegenesareharmfultohumanbeings

Cshortpeoplemayalsobelookeddownuponinfuture

Dscientistsareencouragedtodoresearchonhumangenome

35Theauthor'sattitudetowardsknowingthecompletehumangenomecanbedescribedas.

AcriticalBobjectiveCpositiveDindifferent

Text4

WesternnationsinitiallyignoredRussia'sruthlessmilitarycampaigninChechnyatogainMoscow'ssupportforthewaronterrorism.Now,asreportsofhumanrightsabusesintheregionstreamin,EuropeandAmericaarelosingpatience.

RecentAmnestyInternationalreportsdescribeingruesomedetailtheRussianmilitary'sroleintherapeandtraffickingofChechenwomen.A2001U.S.StateDepartmentreportontraffickinginpersonsdescribedRussiaas"asourcecountryforwomentraffickedforprostitution."Manyofthosewomencomefromwar-tornChechnya.TherearealsoreportsofRussiansoldiersusingChechenciviliansashumanshieldstostormhideoutsofChechenmilitias.ThesedreadfulwarcrimesspeakvolumestothemoralbankruptcyoftheRussianmilitaryestablishment,andcontinuetofueltheChechenyearningforindependence.

ShortlyafterSept11,PresidentPutinmayhaveconvincedtheWesttolooktheotherway.Butthetideisbeginningtoturn.AtaJanuarymeetingoftheParliamentaryAssemblyoftheCouncilofEurope(PACE)inStrasbourg,Germany,aspecialsessionwasincludedtoaddressthecrisisinChechnya,muchtothechagrinoftheRussiandelegation.RussiandelegatesmockedChechenrepresentativeAhmedZakaev,callinghimarepresentativeofOsamabinLaden.Duringthesameperiod,ameetingtookplacebetweenChechendiplomatIlyasAhmadovandrepresentativesoftheU.S.StateDepartment.Thesehigh-profilemeetingsbetweendelegatesoftheChechenresistanceleadershipandWesternleadersseemtosignaltheendofshort-livedWesternsilence.

TheRussiangovernment'sdiplomaticfailuretowinlegitimacyforitswarinChechnyaandtoequateitwiththewarinAfghanistanwasalsomatchedbyaseriesofmilitaryblunderscommittedbyitsforcesontheground.Recently,theRussianmilitaryannouncedtheconclusionofasweepingcrackdownon"terrorists",andclaimedtohavekilledover90Chechenrebels.Shortlyaftertheannouncement,TheIndependent,aLondon-basedpaper,accusedtheRussiangovernmentoffabricatingthenewsofthemilitarycrackdowntocoverupthedeathsof15Russiansoldierskilledbyfriendlyfire.Soonafter,14seniorRussianofficials,includingadeputyinteriorminister,werekilledwhentheirmilitaryhelicoptercrashedduringaflightoverChechnya.ThedeathtollincludedGeneralMikhailRudhenko,whoisinchargeofsecurityinsouthernRussia.

ItmayseemasiftheplightoftheChechenpeoplehasnoendinsight.Buttheirdeterminationtobefreeisunmistakable.Russia'satrocitiesinChechnyagobacktothe19thcentury,whenthediminutivebutoil-richregionwasannexedtotheCzaristEmpireafterabloodycampaignofcolonization.Sincethen,theChechenshaveenduredmassdeportationsandmassacres,andhavestaredgenocideintheface.

36.EuropeandAmericadidn'tblameRussiaforitsdeedsinChechnyamainlybecause.

A.RussiadidnothingwronginChechnyabefore

B.theywantedtogainRussia'ssupportforthewaronterrorism

C.theydidn'twanttointerveneintoothercountries-affairs

D.theywerenotblamedbyadvocatesofhumanrights

37.Theunderlinedword"fabricating"(Paragraph4)mostprobablymean.

A.concealingB.reporting

C.inventing(inordertodeceive)D.postponing

38.Whichofthefollowingisincorrectaccordingtothepassage

A.PresidentPutinhasn'tconvincedthewesttobelievethatitswaronChechnyaisproper.

B.Inthewesternnation'sopinion,thewarinChechnyaissimilartothatinAfghanistan.

C.Chechnyadidn'tbelongtoRussiatwocenturiesago.

D.TheChechenshavesufferedalotundertheruleofRussia.

39.Wecaninferthat.

A.WesternnationswillblameRussiaforitsruthlessnessinChechnya

B.RussiawillstopmilitarycrackdowninChechnya

C.Chechnyawillbeliberatedafewyearslater

D.Chechnyamaybecomeanallyofwesternstatesinfuture

40.Theauthor'sattitudestowardstheChechensis.

A.neutralB.indifferentC.sympatheticD.critical

PartB

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41—45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA—Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.

TheEasterwecelebratetodayisacombinationofdifferenttraditions.Partly,itcomesfromoldfestivalstocelebrateSpring.AndpartlyitcomesfromtheChristiancelebrationoftherebirthofJesusChrist.

41)__________________________________________________________.

42)___________________________________________________________.

ThecelebrationsofEasterhavemanycustomsandlegendsthathavenothingtodowithChristianity.OfallthesymbolsassociatedwithEaster,theegg,thesymbolofrichnessandnewlife,isthemostimportant.ThecustomsandtraditionsofusingeggshavebeenassociatedwithEasterforcenturies.

Originally,EastereggswerepaintedwithbrightcolorstorepresentthesunlightofspringandwereusedinEaster-eggrollingcontestsorgivenasgifts.Aftertheywerecoloredandprintedwithvariousdesigns,theeggswereexchangedbyloversandromanticadmirers.IntheMiddleAges,eggsweretraditionallygivenatEastertotheservants.InGermany,eggsweregiventochildrenalongwithotherEastergifts.

DifferentcultureshavedevelopedtheirownwaysofdecoratingEastereggs.Deepredcoloredeggs,tohonorthebloodofChrist,areexchangedinGreece.43)_________.

InGermanyandothercountrieseggsusedforcookingwerenotbroken,butthecontentswereremovedbymakingaholefromtheendofeacheggwithaneedleandblowingthecontentsintoabowl.TheholloweggsweredyedandhungfromtreesduringtheEasterWeek.44)_____________________________________.

AswiththeEasterRabbitandtheholidayitself,theEasterEggpredatestheChristianholidayofEaster.TheexchangeofeggsinthespringtimeisacustomthatwascenturiesoldwhenEasterwasfirstcelebratedbyChristians.

45)____________________________________________________.

Today,childrenhuntcoloredeggsandplacetheminEasterbasketsalongwiththemodernversionofrealEastereggs,thosemadeofplasticorchocolatecandy.

[A]InpartsofGermanyandAustriagreeneggsareusedonThursdayoftheHolyWeek10.

[B]EggsplayanimportantpartinEastersports.TheRomanscelebratedtheEasterseasonbyrunningracesonanoval16trackandgivingeggsasprizes.

[C]AsachiefChristianfestival,EasteriscelebratedonthefirstSundayafterthefirstfullmoonafterthe1stdayofSpring.ItcanbeasearlyasMarch22,oraslateasApril25!ManydatesoftheChristiancalendararedependentonEaster.

[D]Easteregghuntsarealsopartofacommunity'scelebrationoftheholiday.

[E]Mostpeopleagreethattheword"Easter"comesfromtheAnglo-SaxonGoddessEastre,asymbolofSpring.Itiseasytoseehow"Eastretime"became"Eastertime".

[F]TheArmenianswoulddecorateholloweggswithpicturesofChrist,theVirginMary,andotherreligiousdesigns.

[G]Fromtheearliesttimes,theeggwasasymbolofrebirthinmostcultures.Eggswereoftenwrapped14ingoldleafor,ifyouwereapeasant,coloredbrightlybyboilingthemwiththeleavesorpetals15ofcertainflowers.

PartC

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

46)Extraordinaryclaims,scientistsliketosay,requireextraordinaryproof,andnonehasbeenmoreextraordinaryinrecentyearsthanScottishembryologistIanWilmut'sclaimthatheandhiscolleagueshadclonedasheepnamedDollyfromamammarycellofapregnantewe.47)Morethanayearlater,nobodyhasmanagedtoreproducetheDollyexperiment,andWilmutisundergrowingpressuretoprovethathisfamoussheepiswhathesayssheis.LastweekatageneticsmeetingattheUniversityofLouisville,inKentucky,heblandlyconcededthattherewasa"remotepossibility"thattherecouldhavebeenamix-upthatDollycouldturnouttobetheclonenotoftheadultewe,butofthefetustheewewascarrying.

SodoesthatmeanallthecloninghooplaDollysetoffwasfornaughtNotquite.48)WhatWilmutisconcedingisthatDolly'smumorshouldwesayhertwinsisterprobablyhadsomefetalcellscirculatinginherbloodstream,andthatoneofthesefetalcellscouldconceivablyhavefounditswayintothelaboratoryculturefromwhichDollysprang.Cloninganembryofromafetalcell,ofcourse,wouldnotbeasbigadeal.WhatmadetheDollyexperimentsoextraordinarywasthatWilmuthadmanagedtogettheDNAofanadultcelltoreverttoitsearlyembryonicstate,openingthedoortothecloningofacellfromfull-grownhuman,say,aMichaelJordanoraBillGates.

49)WilmutlastweekputthechancesthatDollywassomesortoffetal-cellcontaminationatlessthanamilliontoone.Nonetheless,heandhiscolleaguesarescramblingtotrackdownanyothertissuesamplestakenfromDolly'smumsotheycanperformthegeneticteststhatwilldetermine,onceandforall,ifDolly'sDNAandhermum'sDNAareidentical.

Meanwhile,scientiststryingtomakeanotherDollyorherbovineequivalenthavecomeintriguinglyclose.Forexample,JamesRobl,attheUniversityofMassachusettsinAmherst,andhiscolleagueStevenSticehavesucceededincloningcalfembryosfromadultcellstakenfromabig,hoofedcowlegsuppliedbyalocalslaughterhouse.Sofarthey'veclonedhundredsofcellsandnurtureddozensintoembryos,buttodatenoneofthoseembryoshassurvivedpast60daysofgestation.

Butthiscomesasnosurprise,saysStice,thechiefscientistforAdvancedCellTechnologyinWorcester,Mass.Afterall,ittookWilmut'steam400triestocreateDolly.Othersattemptingtoreproducetheexperimentcouldveryeasilyfindittakes6,000tries.Dolly,inotherwords,mayturnouttobeafluke,notafake.50)Nomatterwhatsheis,it'slookinglessandlesslikelythatwe'regoingtoseeclonesofBillGatesorMichaelJordananytimesoon.

SectionⅢWriting

51.Directions:

Supposeyou'vegraduatedandbeeninacorporationforoneyear.Writeaworkreportaseverynewcomerisrequired.Therewillbethreepartsinthereport:

1)benefitsfromtheyear

2)troublesthatyoucameacrossduringtheyear

3)drawbacksofthecorporationoryoursuggestiontothecorporation.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyournameattheendofthereport.Use"JackWell"instead.(10points)

52.Directions:

(1)Title:HelpChildrentoBeIndependent

(2)YourcompositionshouldbebasedontheOutlinesbelow.

Outlines:

(1)Manychildrenareusedtodependingonothers

(2)Howcanparentshelpchildrentobeindependent

(3)Withparents'helpchildrencanbeindependentgradually

参考答案

SectionⅡUseofEnglish

1Dnumbers

四个选项都可表示“许多”“大量”的意思，但用法不同。

A项anumberof只修饰可数名词。

B项alargeamountof只修饰不可数名词，如：alargeamountofmoney.

C项aquantityof，largequantitiesof既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。

D项largenumbersof只修饰可数名词。

2Caswellas

A项betterthan“比……更好”。B项insteadof“代替”。C项aswellas“同；和；并；也”。D项ratherthan“不顾，而不”。

根据上下文，此处填入的词应表示“和……一样”的意思，所以正确答案为C项。

3BYet

前一句是说“美国创作出大量国内外都很流行的音乐剧”，而后一句指出“很难解释音乐剧新在何处，或者其美国特色”，两句间存在着意思上的转折，所以应该选B项Yet；而therefore、thus表示因果关系；moreover表示递进关系。

4Cwhat

5Acharacteristically

此处所缺之词在下文中可找到答案。PerhapstheuniquenessofAmerica'scontributiontothegenrecanbestbecharacterizedthroughbrief…，美国音乐剧具有独特的美国特色。所以应选A项。

6Bingredient

factor的意思是“因素，要素”。ingredient意思是“成分；原料”；composer意思是“作曲者，作者”；fact的意思是“事实”。根据题意，“美国音乐剧的组成成分有了几个世纪的历史”，所以，只有B项ingredient符合题意。

7Cgenre

根据题意，美国对于音乐剧这一艺术“类型”做出了独一无二的贡献，所以选C项genre.

8Binto

此题考查动介词搭配

A项burstwith“饱满，满盈”，如：Theywereburstingwithhappiness.他们乐不可支。

B项burstinto“突然发生”，如：burstintotears/song/angryspeech.

C项burstoutinto“大声地说，咆哮地说”，如：Heburstoutintothreats.他突然大声威胁。

D项burstin“突然插嘴，突然进入”，如：Stophimburstingin.别让他打岔。

由上下文可知，音乐剧在1943年突然流行起来，所以应为burstintopopularity.

9Astruck

该句意思是“Broadway的观众和批评家被音乐剧迷住了”，比较佳答案应为A项struck（对身体或心灵产生某种效果）；而touch、move意为“感动（某人）”，程度均不如strike强烈；hit意为“打击，碰，撞”

10Boriginality

11Aconceived

beconceivedas意思是“被想象成，被认为是”；think、believe后一般不接as而接tobe.

perceive为正式用法，意思是“感觉”，如：Onenteringhishouse，weatonceperceivedhimtobeamanoftaste.我们一进他的房子，立即感觉到他是一个品味高雅的人。

12Dtotal

此句中theatre的意思不是“剧院”，而是“戏剧”，音乐剧被认为是一种“全方位的（total）”戏剧形式，而非special（特殊的），peculiar（奇怪的），或gross（总体的）。

13Avariety

根据上文，由于音乐剧溶剧目、音乐、抒情诗、舞蹈和舞台背景于一体，所以它不仅具有娱乐性，还具有多样性。amusement，fun仍为娱乐性；sundries意为“杂物，杂项”，不符合题意。

14Dshare

A项mix混合，多为及物动词，用在“mix…with…”中。B项joinin“参与，参加”。C项putin“提出，停泊”。D项sharein“共享，分摊”。

根据文意，音乐剧众多成分集中起来，构成一个整体，形成了它独一无二的特征，比较佳答案为D项。

15AInotherwords

根据上下文，这一句是对前文的进一步补充说明，所以tosumup（总结，概括）；onthecontrary（正好相反）；generallyspeaking（一般说来），均不合题意，只有inotherwords（换句话说）表示进一步解释说明。

16Aarise

A项ariseoutof“由……中产生”。B项derive多用在derivefrom中（源出，起源）。C项raise通常为及物动词。D项originate多用在originatefrom中意为“发源，发起”。

17Cforward

A项carryout“实行，完成”。B项carryon“进行，经营”。C项carryforward“使……前进”。D项carrythrough“帮助（渡过难关等）；完成”，例如：Theircouragewillcarrythemthrough.他们的勇气将会使他们渡过难关。

根据题意，音乐剧中的音乐和舞蹈对推动剧情发展起着重要作用，所以比较佳答案为C项。

18Adirection

对比四个选项，与mark搭配适当的选项，只有direction和epoch，而markanewepoch（标志着一个新的时代）用在这里显然不合适。原文的意思是“Oklahoma标志着选择音乐剧故事的一个新的方向”，比较佳答案只有A项direction.

19Afor

abandon…for…意思是“放弃……而选择……”

20Bcontext

circumstances意思是“环境，情况”；context意思是“某一事件发生的环境，背景”；situation意思是“位置，形势”；surroundings意思是“周围的事物，环境”；原文是说社会和文化背景，相比之下，context更合适。

SectionIIReadingComprehension

词语注释

multimediaa.多媒体的stemv.起源于

literacyn.读写的能力revitalizev.使恢复活力

adequatea.适当的arduousa.费力的

echelonn.阶层elitista.具有高人一等优越感的

emanatev.发现，流出pervasivea.遍布的，流行的

本文主要讲述了教学技术在教学过程中的不合理运用。

Para.1：影视、计算机等教学技术没有在教学中得到充分的利用。

Para.2：教学过程中缺乏对主体关于教学技术使用方法批判分析性理念的教育。

答案点评

21B纵览全文便不难发现本文主要讲的是对教学技术的一些不合理的应用，而不是讲这些教学技术的优缺点或是前景。

22D本文提及电影及电视在教学中的应用时主要是讲它们以一种不恰当的方式被用于教学。这一点从“neveradequateuseoffilmandtelevisionmaterialintheclassroom”及后面的表述可以看出，因此D是正确的。选项B与C可由“Yetrarelyhasmedialiteracybeentaught，andimaginativeuseofmediamaterialsintheclassroomremainsall-to-seldom.”否定；而选项A从作者的表述来看也是不可能的。

25C第一段作者指出“oldermedia…canalsoimmenselyenhanceinstruction，”因此A说旧媒体应被淘汰是错误的；从第一段比较后一句可知B中“worsen”不对；文中第二段指出“semioticcodesandideologicalfames”“organizeandstructuresomuchofmediaculture.”但这并不能推出D的结论；C可由第二段第一句话推出，是正确的。

mediatev.调解；促成；传递conducivea.促成的；有益的；有助于……的

syllabusn.摘要；教学大纲compilev.编纂；编辑

henceadv.从此；因此；所以methodologyn.方法论，方法学

本文主要阐述了语言学特别是应用语言学对外语教学的利导作用。

Para.1：语言学对语言教学有巨大帮助作用。

Para.2-3：语言学与语言教学所指向内容的比较。

Para.4-5：应用语言学对外语教学有利导作用，首先它能帮教师确定教学目标及内容。

Para.6：应用语言学能帮助教师选择教学方法及技术。

26.A全文主要讲述了语言学与外语教学的关系，并以应用语言学为例。

27.B从第一段第二句“…itseemsobviousthatsuchastudywouldhelpalotinlanguageteachingandlearning”可判断，B项比较合题意。

28C从上下文很容易能排除A、B、D.

29B根据第五段倒数第二句“Appliedlinguisticsprovidestheteacherwithaformalknowledgeofthenatureoflanguageandlanguagesystem，andthusincreaseshisunderstandingofthenatureoflanguagelearning.”可选择B.

30C五、六段分别提到了A、B、D，根据排除法，C为正确答案。

periodica.周期的extractn.v.摘取，摘录

sprinklev.洒，撒布leukemian.白血病

chemotherapyn.化疗法decodev.解（码），破译

dauntinga.使气馁的scourv.搜索

recoilv.退动，退缩frenzieda.狂乱的，狂热的

obesityn.肥胖disparagev.轻视，蔑视

cosmetica.表面的conferv.颁给，赋予

本文主要讲述了整个人类基因组解读后可能产生的后果。

Para.1：了解整个人类基因组带来的有利影响。

Para.2：解读整个人类基因组有伦理上可能产生的负面效应。

Para.3：整个人类基因组解读后对实际生活可能产生不利的后果。

31B从第一段前半部分可以看出，生物学的周期表可用来解释生物学中的所有现象，而化学元素周期表可用来解释化学现象，这是两者的主要相似之处。

33C本段主要讲了解基因组可能导致的伦理问题——父母可能根据自己意愿选择未出世孩子的特征，而根据常识，“IvyLeague”代表的是美国名校，因此可以推出有些夫妇想要“eggsfromIvyLeaguewomen”主要是想要聪明的孩子。

35B第一段讲的是解读人类基因组的有利方面，随后讲的是其不利影响，可见作者的态度是客观的。

initiallyad.开始，起初gruesomea.可怕的，令人嫌恶的

trafficn.贸易、买卖、交易hideoutn.藏匿所，巢穴

militian.民兵bankruptcyn.完全丧失（智力或名誉）

fuelv.支持，刺激yearningn.渴望，向往

chagrinn.懊恼，苦恼legitimacyn.合法，正当

blundern.错误，大错crackdownn.镇压，痛击

fabricatevt.伪造，捏造deputyn.副官

plightn.苦境，（恶劣的）情势atrocityn.暴行

diminutivea.小的annexvt.霸占，侵吞，合并

colonizationn.开拓殖民地

本文主要批评俄国在车臣问题上的军事暴行。

Para.1：欧美对俄国在车臣的军事暴行失去了耐心。

Para.2：俄军对车臣实施的暴行。

Para.3：西方对俄军在车臣的行为开始不再沉默。

Para.4：俄国在外交上失利，舆论上遭到抨击。

Para.5：车臣人民过着苦难的生活。

38.B车臣地区19世纪才被吞并到俄国版图中，因此C是正确的；选项D也可以由比较后一段看出。从第四段第一句“TheRussiangovernment'sdiplomaticfailuretowinlegitimacyforitswarinChechnyaandtoequateitwiththewarinAfghanistan……”可知选项A是正确的，而B是错误的。本题要求选不正确的，因此应选B.

40.C文中在很多地方描述了俄军在车臣的暴行及车臣人民的苦难经历，可见作者对车臣人民是持同情态度的。

答案解析

42.C见41解析。

43.A由上文可知，此段讲的是不同的文化有其独特的复活节彩蛋装饰方法，并列举了希腊的情况，因此，此处也应是具体例子，A和F可作为备选，但由上文的Deepredcoloredeggs来看A的greeneggs更好地与之形成对照，因此A是正确答案。

44.F此题重点词是holloweggs，上文提到德国等国装饰空蛋壳的方法，而F说的是亚美尼亚人的做法。

参考译文

46.科学家们常说，非同一般的论断需要非同一般的证据来证实。而近年来，比较不同凡响的论断莫过于苏格兰胚胎学家伊恩·威尔姆特所说的话了——他宣布，他和他的同事们用一只受孕的母羊的一个乳房细胞“克隆”出了一只名叫“多利”的小羊。

47.一年多之后，由于没有人能够重复多利实验，威尔姆特经受的压力越来越大，他必须证明他那著名的小羊羔是名副其实的“克隆羊”。

48.威尔姆特所承认的是，在多利母亲（或许应称为其孪生姐妹）的血液中有一些胎细胞；可以想像其中的某一个被送进了实验室的培养基中，而比较终成了“多利”。

49.上周，威尔姆特指出，多利是受胎细胞污染的产物的可能性小于百万分之一。

50.不管多利是什么，我们很快就能看到比尔·盖茨或迈克尔·乔丹的克隆体的可能性是越来越小了。

参考作文

51.

WorkReport

Howtimeflies.I'vebeengraduatedandworkedinthecorporationforayear.Thisyear,I'veundergonemanychanges,andlearnedthewholeprocedureofmakingnegotiations.Afterseveralroundsofnegotiations,Ilearnedtobethemanagerofmymood,andtheskillstotalk.

Stilltherearemanytroublesduringtheyear.AtfirstIdidn'tknowhowtoadjustthetotallynewworkenvironment,asacorporationistotallydifferentwithaschool.Anditneedstimeformetobeusedtoworkingfor8hours.

Andthere'salsoapieceofadvicetothecorporation.Itseemsthatcollegesarenotfamiliaramongthemselves,especiallywenewcomers.Thingswouldbebetteriftherearemoreactivitiesorganizedbythecorporation.

JackWell

May15th.2004

52.

HelpChildrenBeIndependent

TodayinChina,manyfamilieshaveonlyonechild.Sothechildrenareusuallydoteduponbyallfamilymembers.Graduallysomeofthemareusedtodependingontheirparentsandlacktheabilitytosolveproblemsindependently.

Then,howcanparentshelpchildrentobeindependent

Firstly,thechildshouldhaveachancetoseetheworldaroundhim.Hemustunderstandthatthere'revariouscompetitionsinthisworld,andeveryonecanfindhisrightpositioninthesocietyonlybyindividualefforts.

Secondly,theparentsshouldgivethechildenoughhelptomakehimfeelcomfortable.It'simpossibletoaskachildnottodependonparentsatonce.Achildneedshelpfromthebeginning.Withoutanyhelp,thechildmaylosehisfaith.

Thirdly,parentsshouldlethischildmakedecisions,whichcantemper（调和,缓和）hisabilitytodealwithproblems.Achildshouldbepraisedwhenheissuccessfulorwhenhefails.

Inoneword,withthehelpofparents,childrencanbeindependentgradually.Everychildmusttrytobecomeamantomeettheneedsofsociety.

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