第94-页共570页—英语四级真题及答案下载2012年6月英语四级PartⅠWriting(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象
2.出现这一现象的原因
3.我对这一现象的看法和建议OnExcessivePackagingPartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C）andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
SmallSchoolsRising
Thisyear'slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.
Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人)cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies(官僚机构)，thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementary(andsomemiddle)schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.
HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423-amongthetop2%inthecountry-onNewsweek'sannualrankingofAmerica'stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.
AlthoughmanyofHillsdale'sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname(绰号)"Hillsjail."JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,"Howdidthatstudentgraduate"
TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:it'seasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey'dlike.
Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents(地区教育主管)fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation."Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare'thebest'inthenation,"theirletterread.inpart."Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordon'tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudents'overallacademicaccomplishmentsandtheirsubsequentperformanceincollege.Andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheircommunities."
注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.
1．Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof__________.
A)ensuringnochildisleftbehind
B)increasingeconomicefficiency
C)improvingstudents'performanceonSAT
D)providinggoodeducationforbabyboomers
2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools
A)Teachers'workloadincreased.
B)Students'performancedeclined.
C)Administrationbecamecentralized.
D)Studentsfocusedmoreontestscores.
3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation
A)Theyareusuallymagnetschools.
B)Theyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.
C)Theyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.
D)Theyaremostlysmallinsize.
4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation
A)Somelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.
B)Agreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.
C)ManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.
D)Studentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.
5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto.
A)theirstudents'academicachievement
B)thenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege
C)thesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingclasses
D)theircollege-leveltestparticipation
6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale'sstudentsinthelate1990s
A)Theyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.
B)Theycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.
C)Mostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline,
D)Theirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.
7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,the"advisory"classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould.
A)telltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends
B)experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearning
C)maintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirteachers
D)tacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicscourses
8.________isstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek'sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives.
9.Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessarytouse________.10.Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsstudentstotake________.PartⅢListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversations,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA)、B）、C）andD)、anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
注意：此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。
11.A)TryingtosketchamapC)Discussingahouseplan.
B)Paintingthediningroom.D)Cleaningthekitchen.12.A)Sheistiredofthefoodinthecanteen.
B)SheofteneatsinaFrenchrestaurant.
C)SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFC.
D)Sheinveryfussyaboutwhatsheeats.13.A)ListeningtosomeloudmusicC)Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.
B)Preparingforasoralexamination.D)Practicingforaspeechcontest.14.A)Themanhasleftagoodimpressiononherfamily.
B)Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.
C)Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.
D)Theman'sjeansandT-shirtsarestylish.15.A)Greypantsmadefrompurecotton.C)100%cottonpantsindarkblue.
B)Fashionablepantsinbrightcolors.D)Somethingtomatchherbrownpants.16.A)Itsprice.C)Itscomfort.
B)ItslocationD)Itsfacilities.17.A)Traveloverseas.C)Takeaphoto.
B)Lookforanewjob.D)Adoptachild.18.A)Itisaroutineoffer.C)Itisquitehealthy.
B)Itisnewonthemenu.D)Itisagoodbargain.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyou.
19.A）HostinganeveningTVprogram.C)Lecturingonbusinessmanagement.
B)Havingherbicyclerepaired.D)Conductingamarketsurvey.20.A)Herepairedbicycles.C)Heworkedasasalesman.
B)Heservedasaconsultant.D)Hecoachedinaracingclub.21.A)Hewantedtobehisownboss.
B)Hefounditmoreprofitable
C)Hedidn'twanttostartfromscratch.
D)Hedidn'twanttobeintoomuchdebt.22.A)Theyworkfivedaysaweek.C)Theyarepaidbythehour.
B)Theyarealltheman'sfriends.D)Theyallenjoygambling.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
23.A)Ithasgraduallygivenwaytoserviceindustry.
B)Itremainsamajorpartofindustrialactivity.
C)Ithasahistoryaslongaspaperprocessing.
D)Itaccountsfor80percentoftheregion'sGDP.24.A)Transportproblems.C)Lackofresources.
B)Shortageoffunding.D)poormanagement.25.A)Competitionfromrivalcompanies.C)Possiblelocationsforanewfactory
B)Productpromotioncampaigns.D)Measurestocreatejobopportunities.
SectionB
Directions:Inthissectionyouwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.BoththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonceAfteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
PassageOne
Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
26.A)Theysharedmutualfriendsinschool.
B)Theyhadknowneachothersincechildhood.
C)Theysharedmanyextracurricularactivities.
D)Theyhadmanyinterestsincommon.
27.A)Atalocalclub.B)Atthesportscenter.
B)AtJoe'shouse.D)Atthebearingschool.
28.A)Durablefriendshipscanbeverydifficulttomaintain
B)Onehastoberespectfulofotherpeopleinordertowinrespect.
C)Itishardforpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundstobecomefriends
D)Socialdivisionswillbreakdownifpeoplegettoknoweachother
PassageTwo
Questions29to31arebasedasthepassageyouhavejustheart.
29.A)Neartheentranceofapark.C)Ataparkingmeter.
B)Inhisbuilding'sparkinglotD)Atastreetcorner.
30.A)IthadbeentakenbythepoliceC)Inhadbeenstolenbysomeone.
B)ithadkeenmovedtothenextblock.D)ithadbeenparkedatawrongplace
31.A)AttheGreenvillecenter.C)Inaneighboringtown.
B)Atapublicparkinglot.D)Inathecitygarage.
PassageThree
Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
32.A)Famouscreativeindividuals.C)Amajorscientificdiscovery.
B)Themysteriousnessofcreativity.D)Creativityasshowninarts.
33.A)Itissomethingpeopleallengagein.C)Itstartssoonafterweareborn.
B)Ithelpspeopleacquireknowledge.D)Itisthesourceofallartisticwork.
34.A)Creativeimagination.C)Naturalcuriosity.
B)LogicalreasoningD)Criticalthinking.
35.A)Itisbeyondordinarypeople.C)Itispartofeverydaylife.
B)Itisyettobefullyunderstood.D)Itisauniquehumantrait.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanksyoucanotherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourarewords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.
Studentshavebeencomplainingmoreandmoreaboutstolenproperty.Radios,cellphones,bicycles,pocket(36),andbookshaveallbeenreportedstolen.Arethereenoughcampuspolicetodothejob
Thereare20officersintheCampusSecurityDivisionTheirjobisto(37)crime,accidentslostandfound(38),andtrafficproblemsoncampus.Morethanhalfoftheirtimeisspentdirectingtrafficandwritingparkingtickets.(39)promptlytoaccidentsandother(40)isimportant,butitistheirsmallestjob.
Dealingwithcrimetakesuptherestoftheirtime.Very(41)doanyviolentcrimesactually(42).Inthelastfiveyearstherehavebeenno(43).sevenrobberiesandabout60otherviolentattacks,mostoftheseinvolvingfightsatparties.Ontheotherhand,(44),whichusuallyinvolvesbreakingwindowsorlightsorwritingonwalls.Thetheftsarenotthecarefullyplannedburglaries(入室盗窃)thatyouseeinmovies.(45).
DowereallyneedmorepoliceHiringmorecampuspolicewouldcostmoney,possiblymakingourtuitiongoupagain.(46)
.
PartⅣReadingComprehension(Readingindepth)(25minntes)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.YouarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawardbankReadthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoicesEachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachthemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage,
Oneinsix.Believeitornot,that'sthenumberofAmericanswhostrugglewithhangerTomaketomorrowalittlebetter,FeedingActionMonth.Aspartofits30Waysin30Daysprogram,It'sasking48acrossthecountrytohelpthemorethan200foodbanksand61,000agenciesinitsnetworkprovidelow-incomeindividualsandfamilieswiththefueltheyneedto49.
It'sthekindofworkthat'sdoneeverydayatSt.Andrew'sEpiscopalChurchinSanAntonio,Peoplewho50atitsfrontdooronthefirstandthirdThursdaysofeachmontharen'tlookingforGod-they'rethereforsomethingtoeat,St.Andrew'srunsafoodpantry(食品堂)that51thecityandseveralofthe52towns.JanetDraneisitsmanager.
Inthewakeofthe53.thenumberoffamiliesinneedoffoodassistancebegantogrow.Itis54that49millionAmericansareunsureofwheretheywillfindtheirnextmealWhat'smostsurprisingisthat36%ofthemlivein55whereatleastoneadultisworking."Itusedtobethatonejobwasallyouneeded."saysSt.Andrew'sDrane."Thepeopleweseenowhavethreeorfourpart-timejobsandthey'restillrightontheedge56."
A）surviveI)formally
B)surroundingJ)financially
C)servesK)domestic
D)reviewedL)competition
E)reportedM)communities
F)recessionN)circling
G)householdsO)accumulate
H)gather
Directions:thereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatementsForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteron
AnswerSheer2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOne
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Intimesofeconomiccrisis.Americansturntotheirfamiliesforsupport.IftheGreatDepressionisanyguide,wemayseeadropinourskyhighdivorcerate.Butthiswon'tnecessarilyrepresent.anincreaseinhappymarriages.Inthelongrun,theDepressionweakenedAmericanfamilies,andthecurrentcrisiswillprobablydothesame.
WetendtothinkoftheDepressionasatimewhenfamiliespulledtogethertosurvivehugejoblosses,By1932.whennearlyone-quarteroftheworkforcewasunemployed,thedivorceratehaddeclinedbyaround25%from1929Butthisdoesn'tmeanpeopleweresuddenlyhappierwiththeirmarriages.Rather,withincomesdecreasingandinsecurejobs,unhappycouplesoftencouldn'taffordtodivorce.Theyfearedneitherspousecouldmanagealone.
Today,giventhejoblossesofthepastyear,fewerunhappycoupleswillriskstartingseparatehouseholds,Furthermore,thehousingmarketmeltdownwillmakeitmoredifficultforthemtofinancetheirseparationsbysellingtheirhomes.
Afterfinancialdisastersfamilymembersalsotendtodowhatevertheycantohelpeachotherandtheircommunities,A1940book.TheUnemployedManandHisFamily,describedafamilyinwhichthehusbandinitiallyreactedtolosinghisjob"withtirelesssearchforwork."Hewasalwaysactive,lookingforoddjobstodo.
TheproblemisthatsuchanimpulseishardtosustainAcrossthecountry,manysimilarfamilieswereunabletomaintaintheinitialboostinmorale(士气).Forsome,thehardshipsoflifewithoutsteadyworkeventuallyoverwhelmedtheirattemptstokeeptheirfamiliestogether.Thedivorcerateroseagainduringtherestofthedecadeastherecoverytookhold.
MillionsofAmericanfamiliesmaynowbeintheinitialstageoftheirresponsestothecurrentcrisis,workingtogetherandsupportingoneanotherthroughtheearlymonthsofunemployment.
Today'seconomiccrisiscouldwellgenerateasimilarnumberofcoupleswhoserelationshipshavebeenirreparably(无法弥补地)ruined.Soit'sonlywhentheeconomyishealthyagainthatwe'llbegintoseejusthowmanybrokenfamilieshavebeencreated.
57．Intheinitialstage,thecurrenteconomiccrisisislikelyto__________.
A)tearmanytroubledfamiliesapart
B)contributetoenduringfamilyties
C)bringaboutadropinthedivorcerate
D)causealotofconflictsinthefamily
58.IntheGreatDepressionmanyunhappycouplesclosetosticktogetherbecause
A)startinganewfamilywouldbehard
B)theyexpectedthingswouldturnbetter
C)theywantedtobetterprotecttheirkids
D)livingseparatelywouldbetoocostly
59.Inadditiontojoblosses.Whatstandsinthewayofunhappycouplesgettingadivorce
A)Mountingfamilydebts
B)Asenseofinsecurity
C)Difficultyingettingaloan
D)Fallinghousingprices
60.Whatwillthecurrenteconomiccrisiseventuallydotosomemarriedcouples
A)Itwillforcethemtopulltheireffortstogether
B)Itwillunderminetheirmutualunderstanding
C)Itwillhelpstrengthentheiremotionalbonds
D)Itwillirreparablydamagetheirrelationship
61.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph
A)Theeconomicrecoverywillseeahigherdivorcerate
B)Fewcouplescanstandthetestofeconomichardships
C)Astablefamilyisthebestprotectionagainstpoverty.
D)Moneyisthefoundationofmanyahappymarriage
Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Peoplearebeinglured(引诱)ontoFacebookwiththepromiseofafun,freeservicewithoutrealizingthey'repayingforitbygivinguptoadsofpersonalinformation.Facebookthenattemptstomakemoneybysellingtheirdatatoadvertisersthatwanttosendtargetedmessages.
MostFacebookusersdon'trealizethisishappening.Eveniftheyknowwhatthecompanyisupto,theystillhavenoideawhatthey'repayingforFacebookbecausepeopledon'treallyknowwhattheirpersonaldataisworth.
Thebiggestproblem,however,isthatthecompanykeepschangingtherulesEarlyonyoukeepeverythingprivate.Thatwasthegreatthingaboutfacebookyoucouldcreateownlittleprivatenetwork.Lastyear.Thecompanychangeditsprivacyrulessothatmanythingsyoucity.Yourphoto,yourfriends'names-wereset,bydefault(默认)tobesharedwitheveryoneontheInternet.
AccordingtoFacebook'svice-presidentElliotSchrage,thecompanyissimplymakingchangestoimproveitsservice,andifpeopledon'tshareinformationTheyhavea"lesssatisfyingexperience".
SomecriticsthinkthisismoreaboutFacebooklookingtomakemoremoney.Inoriginalbusinessmodel,whichinvolvedsellingadsandputtingthenAtthesideofthepagestotallyWhowantstotookatadswhenthey'reonlineconnectingwiththeirfriends
TheprivacyissuehasalreadylandedFacebookinhotwaterinWashington.InApril.SenatorCharlesSchumercalledonFacebooktochangeitsprivacypolicy.HealsourgedtheFederalTradeCommissiontosetguidelinesforsocial-networkingsites."Ithinkthesenatorrightlycommunicatedthatwehadnotbeenclearaboutwhatthenewproductswereandhowpeoplecouldchoosetousethemornottousethem,"Schrageadmits.
IsuspectthatwhateverFacebookhasdonesofartoinvadeourprivacy,it'sonlythebeginning.WhichiswhyI'mconsideringdeactivating(撤销)myaccount.Facebookisahandysite,butI'mupsetbytheideathatmyinformationisinthehandsofpeopleIdon'tThat'stoohighapricetopay.
62.WhatdowelearnaboutFacebookfromthefirstparagraph
A)Itisawebsitethatsendsmessagestotargetedusers.
B)Itmakesmoneybyputtingonadvertisements.
C)Itprofitsbysellingitsusers'personaldata.
D)Itprovidesloadsofinformationtoitsusers.
63.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutmostFacebookusers
A)Theyarereluctanttogiveuptheirpersonalinformation.
B)Theydon'tknowtheirpersonaldataenrichesFacebook.
C)Theydon'tidentifythemselveswhenusingthewebsite.
D)Theycareverylittleabouttheirpersonalinformation.
64.WhydoesFacebookmakechangestoitsrulesaccordingtoElliotSchrage
A)Torenderbetterservicetoitsusers.
B)ToconformtotheFederalguidelines.
C)Toimproveitsusers'connectivity.
D)Toexpanditsscopeofbusiness.
65.WhydoesSenatorCharlesSchumeradvocate
A)Settingguidelinesforadvertisingonwebsites.
B)Banningthesharingofusers'personalinformation.
C)Formulatingregulationsforsocial-networkingsites.
D)Removingadsfromallsocial-networkingsites.
66.WhydoestheauthorplantocancelhisFacebookaccount
A)Heisdissatisfiedwithitscurrentservice.
B)Hefindsmanyofitsusersuntrustworthy.
C)Hedoesn'twanthispersonaldataabused.
D)Heisupsetbyitsfrequentrulechanges.PartVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Becauseconflictanddisagreementsarepartofallcloserelationships,couplesneedtolearnstrategiesformanagingconflictinahealthyandconstructiveway.Somecouplesjust67anddenythepresenceofanyconflictinarelationship.68,denyingtheexistenceofconflictresultsincouples69tosolvetheirproblemsatearly70,whichcanthenleadtoevengreaterproblemslater71.Notsurprisingly,expressingangeranddisagreementleadstolowermarital(婚姻的)satisfactionatthebeginning.However,thispatternofbehavior72increasesinmaritalsatisfactionovertime.Researchsuggeststhatworking73conflictsisanimportantpredictorofmaritalsatisfaction.
So,whatcanyoudotomanageconflictinyourownrelationshipsFirst,trytounderstandtheotherperson'spointofview74putyourselfinhisofherplace.Peoplewhoare75towhattheirpartnerthinksandfeels76greaterrelationshipsatisfaction.Forexample,researchersfoundthatamongpeopleindatingrelationships77marriages,thosewhocanadopttheirpartner'sperspectiveshowmorepositive78.morerelationship-enhancingattributesandmoreconstructiveresponses79conflict.
Second,becauseconflictanddisagreementsarean80partofcloserelationships.Peopleneedtobeabletoapologizetotheirpartnerforwrongdoingand81forgivenessfromtheirparentsfortheirownacts.Apologiesminimizeconflict,leadto