包括基于锂/钠离子电池、锂硫电池、锂氧气电池、超级电容器、燃料电池等电化学储能体系的研究。
课题组承担国家级新型器件开发项目、国家“973”计划课题、国家“863”计划项目、国家自然科学基金重点项目、省重点项目、厦门市重大专项等项目的研究,并与国内外同行开展合作研究。在国际重要期刊包括Nat.Comm.,Chem,EnergyEnviron.Sci.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,Adv.Mater.,Adv.EnergyMater.,ACSnano等学术期刊上发表论文200余篇,获得国家发明专利30余件。近年来,结合多种原位与非原位表征技术,课题组致力于高比能、高功率电化学储能系统及关键储能材料的研究。具体涉及:
锂/钠离子电池
当前锂/钠离子电池面临的最重要的技术挑战是成本、耐用性和行驶里程,这在很大程度上取决于正极材料的性能。本课题组致力于对低成本、长循环、高比能锂/钠离子电池正极材料的研究。通过对正极材料的合成机理及充放电机理的研究,利用形貌结构调控及化学改性等策略,实现高倍率,长循环的优异电池性能。
锂硫电池
锂硫电池以其低成本、高比能(2600WhKg-1)及环境友好等特性,成为最具发展潜力的二次电池储能体系之一。但活性物质的低电导率,以及多硫化锂的穿梭效应等问题却限制着其商业化的发展。本课题组致力于锂硫电池复合正极电催化及微观界面化学过程调控的研究。通过引入具有吸附、催化、键合等性质的功能性组分,以达到抑制穿梭和改善电池性能的目的。
锂氧气电池
锂氧气电池以金属锂为负极,空气中的氧气作为正极的活性物质,基于过氧化锂的生成与分解实现能量的存储与转化,具有极高的理论能量密度(3500Whkg-1)。本课题组致力于氧气电极固相表面电催化及溶液相催化的研究。通过对锂氧气电池充放电反应机理的研究,并结合电极结构方面的问题,构筑了有利于氧气发生反应的仿生开放式结构电极,以及设计开发了新型高效的溶液相催化剂。
金属阳极保护
固态电解质等高安全电解质体系
高安全性是锂二次电池实际应用的首要条件。本课题组致力于研发多种创新型高安全电解质体系,包括MOFs基准固态电解质、聚合物固态电解质、离子液体凝胶电解质、高浓电解液、阻燃电解液等,以构筑高比能高安全锂二次电池。系统研究电解质体相物化性质、电极/电解质界面性质、锂离子传输机制与电池性能之间的构效关系,并利用绝热加速量热法(ARC)、差速扫描量热法(DSC)以及穿刺实验等评估电池安全性。
Lithium/sodiumionbatteries
Themostimportanttechnicalchallengesfacinglithium/sodiumbatteriestodayarecost,durabilityandrange,whichlargelydependontheperformanceofcathodematerial.Ourresearchgroupfocusesonthecathodematerialsoflowcost,longcycleandhighspecificenergylithium/sodiumionbatteries.Bystudyingthesynthesismechanismandcharge-dischargemechanismofthecathodematerial,theexcellentbatteryperformancewithhighrateandlongcyclewasrealizedbyusingthestrategyofmorphologyandstructureregulationandchemicalmodification.
Lithiumsulfurbatteries
Lithium-sulfurbatteryhasbecomeoneofthemostpromisingsecondarybatterystoragesystemsduetoitslowcost,highspecificenergy(2600Whkg-1)andenvironmentalfriendliness.However,thelowelectricalconductivityoftheactivesubstanceandtheshuttleeffectoflithiumpolysulfidelimititscommercialdevelopment.Ourresearchgroupisdevotedtotheelectrocatalysisandmicrointerfacechemicalprocessregulationoflithium-sulfurbatterycompositeanode.Thefunctionalcomponentswithadsorption,catalyticandbondingpropertieswereintroducedtoinhibitshuttleandimprovetheperformanceofLithium-sulfurbattery.
Lithiumoxygenbatteries
Lithiumoxygenbatteryuseslithiummetalasthenegativeelectrodeandoxygenintheairastheactivesubstanceofthepositiveelectrode.Basedonthegenerationanddecompositionoflithiumperoxide,itrealizesenergystorageandtransformation,andhasaveryhightheoreticalenergydensity(3500Whkg-1).Ourresearchgroupisdevotedtothestudyofoxygenelectrodesolid-phasesurfaceelectrocatalysisandsolutionphasecatalysis.Basedonthestudyofthecharginganddischargingreactionmechanismoflithiumoxygenbatteryandtheproblemsofelectrodestructure,somebionicopenstructureelectrodewereconstructedwhichwerebeneficialtotheoxygenreaction,andsomeefficientsolutionphasecatalystsweredesignedanddeveloped.
Metalanodeprotection
Thespecificcapacitiesoflithiumandsodiummetalanodesare3861mAhg-1and1165mAhg-1,respectively,whicharemuchhigherthanthoseofgraphiteorcarbideanodesofionbatteries.However,unstabledeposition/strippingduringthelongcycleisakeyproblemintheperformancedegradationofmetalbatteries.Metalanodesthatachievestabilityandsafetywillhavepotentialapplicationsforbothbatterysystems.Ourresearchgroupiscommittedtotheresearchofcurrentcollectorsdesignandelectrolytemodification,soastoinhibitdendritegrowth,improvethestabilityofelectrode/electrolyteinterface,andpromotethelong-termstabledeposition/strippingprocessofmetalanode.
Solidelectrolyteandotherhighsafetyelectrolytesystem
Highsafetyistheprimaryconditionoflithiumsecondarybatteryapplication.Ourgrouphascommittedtodevelopavarietyofinnovativehighsafetyelectrolytesystems,includingMOFsquasi-solidelectrolyte,polymersolidelectrolyte,ionicliquidgelelectrolyte,highconcentrationelectrolyte,flameretardantelectrolyte,tobuildhighspecificenergyandhighsafetylithiumsecondarybattery.Wehavesystematicallystudiedthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofsolidelectrolyte,electrode/electrolyteinterfaceproperties,lithium-iontransportmechanismandbatteryperformance.ThesafetyofbatteryisalsoevaluatedbyARC,DSCandpunctureexperiments.
地址:福建省厦门市思明区厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学化工学院化学系,361005,中国福建省厦门市
Address:StateKeyLaboratoryofPhysicalChemistryofSolidSurfaces,CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,XiamenUniversity,361005,Xiamen,China
Tel:+86-592-2185905(Lab)Fax:+86-592-2183905Email:qfdong@xmu.edu.cn,mszheng@xmu.edu.cn