1、PartOneBasisofLegalEnglish公证人：notary立遗嘱者：testator专门名词；术语：terminology承租人：tenant故意的；蓄意的：deliberate等同；同价物：equivalent责任：obligation终止：termination对等的，互惠的：reciprocal开端：commencement分期付款：instalment制定：formulation上述的；前述的：aforesaid恐吓，威胁：intimidate不当：inappropriate议会，国会：parliament审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal不可撤销的：irr
2、evocable否认：negative拆分；分立：split诉讼：litigation传唤；传讯：summon赔偿；补偿：compensation诉讼当事人：litigant提起（申请等）；提起（诉讼等）；把登记备案：file辩解；申诉；事实陈述：allegation质询（书）：interrogatories伪证；伪证罪：perjury否定：denial庭外采证：deposition小册子：booklet控告（某人）犯罪：impeach常设的；永久的：permanent（法庭上证人的）证词：testimony调解、调停：mediation仲裁：arbitration法官；裁判官；法官席：ben
3、ch无陪审团员的审判：benchtrail一致的：unanimous（陪审团的）裁决，判决，结论：verdict强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory批捕令；搜查令：warrant财产保全；查封；扣押：attachment留置权，扣押权：lien赔偿金：damages欺诈，误导：deceive泄露：divulge侵权：infringement举证责任：theburdenofproof诉讼案件：lawsuit宪法的：constitutional控告：prefer入侵：invasion动产：chattel租约：lease执行者：executor成文法：statute诉状：pleading
4、样式条款：boilerplateclause公司面纱：corporateveil无效的：nullandvoid全部，所有的人：allandsundry其他以外：interalia=amongothers保释：bailment：abatement宣告无效：annul将遗赠：bequeath报酬：emolument起源：provenance扣押财物：distress扣押：seizure拘押：hold本金：theprincipalsum合适和恰当：fitandproper规定，条款：provision争议，纠纷或索赔：dispute，controversyorclai
5、m承诺,同意和契约：promise，agreeandcovenant储蓄：deposits原告：plaintiff诉状：complaint被告：defendant代表自己，自辩：prose（withoutanattorney）承认：admission和解协议：settlement回避：forcause协商；法律顾问：counsel交叉盘问：crossexamination专家证人：expertwitness诉由不成立：nocause无效审判：mistrial清偿保证书：satisfaction推翻：overturn发回重审：relitiganteback自由心证：power
7、：docket（写在判决书前面的）摘要：headnote对答案有诱导性的提问：leadingquestion名义上的当事人：nominalparty初审管辖：originaljurisdiction律师助手：paralegal被告：respondent州长：sheriff单行本：sliplaw遵循先例：staredecisis（判决书的）判决理由/说明：syllabus摘要：synonym正式起诉书：truebill法令：wirt传票：subpoena悬而未决的陪审团：hungjury习惯法：commonlaw拉丁语：Bonafide=goodfaith善意Deno
8、vo=anew重新；更始Exparte=fromoneside片面的Habeascorpus=youshouldhavethebody人身保护令Inre=inthematterof关于，对于Nonobstanceverdioto=notwithstandingtheverdict否定裁决Percapita=byleads人均Percuriam=bythecourt引用法官判词对价：consideration相对人：counterpart汇票：draft兑现：honor票据：instrument请求：motionChapter
9、TwoAmericanLegalRegime美国联邦上诉法院：UnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheFederalCircuit=巡回上诉法院：FederalCircuit最高法院：SupremeCourt上诉法院：CourtofAppeals中级上诉法院：intermediateCourts高级法院上诉庭：AppellateDivision，SupremeCourt美国案例选编：AmericanLawReports法律百科全书：CorpusJurisSecundum任命：nominate任期：tenure等级制度；统治集
10、团：hierarchy司法权，管辖权；管辖范围：jurisdiction地方法官，治安官：magistrate转让（法律权利或义务）：assign遗嘱检验法庭：probatecourt少年法庭：juvenilecourt仲裁人：arbiter对（指诉讼，比赛中等）；相对：versus无效；废弃：nullification执行，施行，实施（法律等）；免除：dispense疏忽，过失；粗心大意：negligence支持者；建议者；提出认证遗嘱者；提出证据的人：proponent渊源；根源：source立法机关；立法机构；立法部；（特指）州会议：legislature合理的：equitable挑
11、选陪审团成员：impanel证词，证据：testimony陪审员名单：array挑选陪审团的过程：voirdire自由裁量权：discretion强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory当事人；诉讼委托人：client审议：deliberation偏一方的：partisan审判官似的；调查官似的；爱打听的：inquisitorialVt.仲裁，裁判N.裁判，仲裁人：umpire对抗性的，敌对的：adversarial上诉的，受理上诉的：appellate审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal前提：premise送还，还押；发回重审：remade发誓：swear抵押；抵押品；质权：pledge
12、依照法令的；法定的：statuary成文法；制定法：statuarylaw制定（法律）；颁布：enact判例，先例：precedentAdj.立法的，有立法权的N.立法权；立法机构：legislativeAdj.适当的Vt.占用，侵吞：appropriate竞合：concurrence传票；引证：citation概要，大纲：synopsis控告，起诉：prosecution复审：review证人证言：affidavit再审：rehear全体陪审员：panel参议院：Senate大陪审团：grandjury僵局：deadlock分配，分布：distribution有效：valid过错相抵：c
13、ontributorynegligence篡改：tamper专利池：patentpool证据规则：evidentiaryrules纠问式：inquisitorialsystemofjustice纠错法院：CourtofErrors诉讼文件移送命令：certiorari撤销：vacate驳回：dismiss中止：order暂停：stay发回重审：remand异议：dissent特权：privilege抗辩制度：adversarialsystem主张，用户：advocacy公平的：impartial自认犯罪：self-incrimination公告，宣告：announcement
14、有说服力的法律依据：persuasiveauthority处理：dispose廉正：integrity苏格拉底问法：socraticmethod民事诉讼：civilprocedure法律术语：legalese法律联合会：legalfraternity附录：appendix公司章程：articleofincorporation出庭律师：attorneyofrecord计费工时：billablehour顾问：consultant标准：criterion法官的附带意见：dictum网域名称：domainname委托书：engagementletter当庭提出证据：exhibit
15、出口许可证：exportlicense合营企业：jointventure许可证协议：licenseagreement贷款申请：loanapplication公证人：notarypublic专利申请书：patentapplication公民投票权：referendum股东，股票持有人：shareholder法定时效：statuteoflimitation可撤销的合同：voidablecontract分区条例：zoningordinanceChapterThreeConstitutionalLaw司法权：judicialpower合法的：legitimate合法化，正当
16、性：legitimacy海事法，海商法：admiralty海事管辖权：maritimejurisdiction按照，根据：pursuantto/inpursuanceof全权：plenarypower阐明：setforth终身任期：lifetenure被授予、赋予（权利）：bevestedwith原始（初审）管辖权：original（trial）jurisdiction上诉管辖权：appellatejurisdiction自动生效：self-executing共同管辖权，并存管辖权：concurrentjurisdiction参考司法性（或审判）解释：advisoryo
17、pinions做出裁判、裁决：rendition做出裁判裁决，判处：render模拟诉讼：mootcases串通诉讼：collusivesuits成熟原则：ripenessdoctrine确认判决，宣告是判决：declaratoryjudgment诉由，诉讼资格：standing可归因于：beattributableto可救济性：redressability裁决，裁定：ruling规避（原则）：abstention不适用联邦管辖权（以避免和州管辖权的冲突）：abstain以作为前提/条件：bepremisedon待决的，未决的：pending禁止、命令、指示：enjoinV.
18、阻却、禁止N.阻碍、阻却因素；法律界：bar豁免权：immunity立法权：legislativepower明确列举的权力：enumeratedpower默示的权利：impliedpower辅助/附属权利：auxiliary/ancillarypower必要与适当条款：necessaryandproperclause实施、实行：carryintoexecution人头税：capitation直接税，对财产征收的税：directtaxes公共基金开支权：spendingpower贸易权：commercepower国会调查权：investigatorypower弹劾：i
19、mpeachment剥夺（权利）：depriveof/abridgeof铸币：coinmoney立法权的委托/授予：delegationoflegislativepower三权分立原则：theseparationofpowerdoctrine促进、助长、推动：infurtheranceof申请：petitionof公共职权：publicfunctions有溯及力的，溯及既往的：retroactive剥夺公民权法案：billsofattainder事后的、有溯及力的、溯及既往的：expostfacto程序性的正当程序：proceduraldueproces
20、s实质性正当程序：substantivedueprocess平等保护：equalprotection裁决、判决：adjudication个人财产：personalbelongings法定权利：entitlement任意的、武断的：arbitrary在下、从下：infra严格审查（标准）：strictscrutiny（maximumscrutiny）中登记审查（标准）：intermediatescrutiny合理依据、最低审查（标准）：rationalbasis（minimalscrutiny）引发、触发：trigger不合理分类：suspectclassification监
22、基本权利：fundamentalrights避孕药物、避孕工具：contraception包括、包含：encompass撤销、使无效：revoke财政部：TheTreasuryDepartment流产，堕胎：abortion全体出席的：plenary实施：implement严格的必要性：strictnecessity原因：causation确权之诉：quiettitleaction修正案：amendment驱逐出境：deport支持：upheld代表：delegate违反：infringe有特权的：prerogative损害：impair非惩罚性：non-punitive区别对待：
24、尽的，彻底的：exhaustivepart4promise允诺agreementbetweentheparties当事人之间的协议acceptance承诺ameetingofminds意见一致mutualassent当事人之间的协议executedcontracts已履行合同executorycontracts待履行合同specialtycontract书面盖印合同valid有效的parolcontract非要式合同void无效的simplecontract简单合同voidable可撤销的offer要约unenforceable不能强制执行contract
25、sunderseal盖印合同revocation撤回contractsinwriting书面合同rejectionbytheofferee受要约人拒绝contractsevidencedinwriting有书面证明的合同counter-offer反要约lapseoftime期限届满口头合同oralcontractsincapacity无行为能力unqualified无条件的failureofaconditionsubjecttowhichtheofferwasmade要约条件未能满足conditionalassent有条件的同意standin
27、反言原则doctrineofequitableestoppelexpressterms明示条款impliedterms默示条款exemptionclauses免责条款condition条件warranty担保rescind废除repudiate拒绝履行theconceptoftotalintegration合同完整性的概念certainty确定性termsimpliedinfact事实上的默示termsimpliedinlaw法律上的默示customaryimpliedterms惯例性的条款thecontraproerentem不利于提供者规则t
28、herepugancyrule矛盾解释规则thefourcornersrule四角规则theControlofExemptionClausesAct管制免责条款条例warningnotices警告性通知capacitytocontract缔约能力minor未成年人apersonundertheinfluenceofdrink醉酒的人personsofunsoundmind精神病人corporations公司mistake错误misrepresentation虚假陈述duress胁迫undueinfluence不当影响illegality非法性v
29、alidity效力operativemistakes关键性错误liabletobesetaside衡平法上被撤销commonoridenticalmistakes相同之错误mutualmistakes双方错误non-identicalmistake不相同之错误unilateralmistake单方错误nonestfactum非我所签契约nullandvoid无效fraudulentmisrepresentation欺诈性的虚假陈述innocentorneglientmisrepresentation无过错或过失性的虚假陈述affirm确认duress
30、toaperson对人的胁迫duresstogoods对货物的胁迫economicduress经济胁迫actualundueinfluence实际不当影响persumedundueinfluence假设不当影响inequalityofbargainingpower谈判能力的不对等unconscionability显示公平制度operationoflaw依法定得解除illegalcontractstrictlysocalled严格意义上的非法合同illegalcontracttraditionallysocalled传统的非法合同illegala
31、sformed成立违法illegalasperformed履行违法intendedbeneficiaries有益受害人incidentalbeneficiaries附带受益人discharged解决performance履行tenderofperformance交付履行frustration合同落空impossibility履行不能履约具有不现实性impracticabilityoccurrenceofconditionsubsequent后续条件的发生rescission合同的废除novation合同的更新cancellation合同的取消release弃权书sub
32、stitutedcontract替代合同accountstated明细账lapse终止（或失效）superveningillegality继起违法breachofcontract违约anticipatorybreach预期违约damages损害赔偿actionforanagreedsum商定金额之诉quantummeruit按合理价格支付specificperformance实际履行injunction禁令alternativedisputeresolution替代性纠纷解决机制corporatelaw公司法newwordsandexpressionsn
33、ominalized使转变为名词inducememt诱因，诱导abstain抑制，弃权solemnity庄严destitute使丧失perpetrator做坏事者，犯罪者usage惯例revocation撤销，撤回contingency意外事故，偶发事件dispatch发出telex电传facsimile传真detriment损害，伤害forbearance忍耐，克制，不作为undertaking承诺accure发生，产生charter包租，租用vessel船舶lumber木材freight运费furnish提供aver提出appellee被上诉人demurrer异议，抗辩rescind废
34、除repudiate拒不履行reputable值得尊重的shack棚屋，简陋的小屋emasculate阉割，削弱collateral附属的demolish摧毁，推翻，驳倒absurdity荒谬的shear(shore,shorn)切断，剥夺rote死记硬背，生搬硬套perjury伪证（罪）supersede废除，废弃officious爱管闲事的efficacy功效indemnity赔偿（金）onus义务，负担subrogation代位（求偿权）dissipate挥霍vitiate（使）消弱，（使）无效salvage救援，营救reef礁，暗礁tender招标abinitio自始，从开始时sta
35、tusquo现状rescission废除puff吹嘘pecuniary金钱的restitutioinintegrum拉恢复原状rogue无赖，流氓avoidance废止，无效uberrimaefidei拉最大诚信coercive强制的；强迫的convent女修道院ward被监护人devotee皈依者thebalanceofprobabilities可能性较高者consummate完成lopsided不平等的infirmity虚假defraud诈取，骗取exturpicausanonorituractio拉非法或不道德行为不能取得诉因quantummeruit拉（
36、无合同规定时）支付合理报酬；应得额；合理金额quantumvalebant拉支付合理价格原则oust剥夺，驱逐solus单独的covenant协议，协定effectuate实行，完成supervening接着发生revoke撤销；取消encompass围绕；包含concurrent同时发生的coronation加冕礼exculpatory辩解的，辨明无罪的remotedamages间接损失expectationinterest期待利益relianceinterest信赖利益restitutioninterest返还利益liquidateddamages约定损害赔偿金maxim格言
40、则consideration对价detriment损害，伤害promisee受约人promisor做出承诺者，契约者，要约人executory待执行的executed已执行的accordandsatisfaction和解与清偿fullsettlementofadebt全额清偿theprincipleofmutuality交互性原则promissory承诺的，约定的suspensory中止的PrivyCourt枢密院法庭resume恢复theprinciple本人，被代理人，委托人；保证人；财产，信托财产DoctrineofEquitableEstoppel衡平禁反
41、言原则qualification条件，资格charterparty租船合同frustratethemainpurposeofthecontract主要目的受阻volition自愿选择theParolEvidenceRule口头证言规则totalintegration一体化；完全整合absurdity荒谬，不合理genesis起源；开端supersededdocuments替代文件officiousbystander好事的旁观者negligence过失；疏忽theinserter起草者indemnity赔偿（金）theonusofproof举证责任Ageof
42、MajorityAct成人年龄法guaranteesofminorscontracts未成年人保证责任guarantee被保人subrogation代位清偿unsoundmind/mental-imcapacity心智不全fiduciary基于信托的，受托人，被信托人nonestfactum否认立约inducement引诱，诱导actionablemisrepresentation可诉的虚假陈述restitutioinintegrum恢复原状UberrimaeFidei最大诚信原则，坦率诚实theUtmostGoodFaith最大善意原则prospectus说明
43、书，简介，募股章程undueinfluence不当影响contemplation深思熟虑，沉思self-induced自己导致的，自己诱导的vendor卖方，卖主operationoflaw(OOL)法律的实施（效果）mutualrescission相互解约unilateralrescission单方废止；债权人得单方解除契约frustratingevents受阻事项afinalbalance最后应付余额，最后结余；最后平衡originaltransactions原始交易commercialimpracticability商业不现实性StatuteofLimita
44、tions诉讼时效impossibleofperformance履行不能superveningillegality继起违法frustrationofpurpose合同目的落空coronation加冕礼ForcrMajeureClauses不可抗力条款remotenessofdamage损害的间隔性foreseeability可预见性,预见性unliquidateddamages未经算定损害赔偿；未清算的损失；未确定损害赔偿额extravagant奢侈的；挥霍的claimant原告，索赔者specificperformance照规定严格执行constantsupervi
45、sion持续监督goodfaith善意；真诚goodfaithperformance合同履行中的诚信原则；善意履行expressrepudiation明示的履行拒绝interlocutory(判决等)在诉讼期间宣告的perpetual不间断的；持续的prohibitory禁止的mandatory强制的；法定的pendingtrial候审期间，未决事项MunicipleCourts市法院ChoiceofForumClause选择法院条款ForumSelectionClause法院管辖之条款ChoiceofLawClause适用法律选择条款commercialarb
46、itration商事仲裁arbitrationagreement仲裁协议arbitrationclauses仲裁条款exercisecontested有争议的recital一系列事件等的详述boilerplate样板文件；公式化，陈词滥调CaveatEmptor货物出门概不退换，买主须自行当心（货物的品质）；买主当心prevail占优势optioncontract期权合同merchandise货物leverage杠杆作用，举债经营StatuteofFraudes反欺诈法unconscionability显失公平;显失公平原则unjustenrichment不正当得利thi
47、rd-partybeneficiary受益第三方detrimentalreliance有害依赖；不利之信赖forfeiture没收，丧失materialbreach重大违约，实质性违约illusorypromise虚幻允诺rescind废除；撤销omission疏忽，懈怠，做某事失败UniformCommercialCode(UCC)美国统一商法典inpais无法律手续或书据quasi-contract准契约；准合同UnitFive故意侵权intentionaltorts殴打battery威吓assault非法监禁falseimprisonment侵害地产或动
48、产trespasstoLand/Chattels侵占他人动产conversion故意精神伤害Intentionalinflictionofemotionaldistress抗辩事由defenses特权privilege原告同意consent正当防卫self-defense紧急避险necessity责任duty不履行责任breach实际损失或伤害actuallossordamage原告过失contributorynegligence比较过失comparativenegligence自冒风险assumptionofrisk明示自冒风险expressass
49、umptionofrisk免责条款exculpatoryclause暗示自冒风险impliedassumptionofrisk后果的预见性foreseeabilityofconsequences中介原因interveningcause连带责任jointandseveralliability补偿indemnity分担contribution土地所有人possessor所有权人owner占有人occupier自然危险情况naturalhazards土地侵权人trespasser被许可人licensee侵权儿童trespassingchildren诱
50、惑性公海原则attractivenuisancedoctrine被邀请人invitee商业被邀请人businessinvitee不当行为/不当履行misfeasance懈怠不作为/不作为nonfeasance替代责任vicariousliability低于成本销售salesbelowcost侵犯隐私privacytorts盗用他人肖像权appropriation侵扰他人私生活intrusion扭曲他人形象publicdisclosureofprivatelife不正当竞争competitivetorts虚假宣传falseadvertising倾销
51、dumping雇主负责制respondentsuperiorLiabilityfornegligence过失责任Civilliability民事责任Remedies损害赔偿Invasionofprivacy侵犯隐私Defamation诽谤Fraud欺诈Misrepresentation虚假表述Conversion侵犯他人财产Trespass非法侵入Trespasstoland/chattels侵犯他人土地/财产Productliability产品责任Restitution返还原物，赔偿金Damages赔偿金Compensatorydamages补偿性
52、伤害赔偿金Punitivedamages惩罚性赔偿金Specialdamages特定损害赔偿金Discrete分离的Affinity亲切关系Thestatuteoflimitations诉讼时效Causation因果关系Tavern客栈Causeinfact事实上的原因Hatchet短柄小斧；言归于好Proximatecause最近原因Integrity完整Malice恶意Primafaciecase表面上证据确凿的案件Blackout灯火管制；暂时失去知觉Impediment妨碍ResIpsaLoquitur让事实说话Quareclausu
53、mfregit缘何侵入私地令Foreseeability预见性Intermeddle干涉Tort-feasor侵权行为人Dispossess剥夺Misconduct行为不当Misfeasance错误行为Non-feasance不行为Agrarian土地的，农村的Nuisance妨害行为Publicnuisance公共公害Privatenuisance私人妨害Omission疏忽；懈怠Contributorynegligence混合过失Entrant参加者Confinement拘禁Satisfaction清偿Indemnity补偿Negligentmis
54、representation过失的虚假表述Malpractice玩忽职守Sedition煽动Libel书面诽谤Loathsome令人讨厌的Consortium配偶的地位和权利Dutyofcare注意义务Venereal性交的Incompatible矛盾的Unchastity放荡Disparagement轻视Falselight扭曲他爱人形象Revelation披露Deceive欺诈Competitivetorts侵权竞合Idiosyncratic独特的Premises房地产Passoff冒充Palmoff哄骗Recoup重获Wherewithal为做某事而需要的钱Disclose告知Lega