人教版选择性必修二(选修二)unit3课文+听力+翻译（含Workbook和完整音频）
阅读量：750532021.10.27作者:奇速英语何蒙蒙
***Unit3FOODANDCULTURE***
Unit3单词表和听力
***Readingandthinking(pages26-27)***
“Foodbringspeopletogetheronmanydifferentlevels.It’snourishmentofthesoulandbody;it’strulylove.”-GiadaDeLaurentiis
食物在许多不同的层面上把人们聚集在一起，它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。——吉娅达德劳伦蒂斯
1-rj-xx2-unit3Readingandthinking.mp3音频：00:00/05:06
--课文翻译--
CULTUREANDCUISINE
TheFrenchauthorJeanAnthelmeBrillat-Savarinoncewrote,“Tellmewhatyoueat,andIwilltellyouwhatyouare.”Putmoresimply,thismeans“Youarewhatyoueat.”Mostpeopletodayrelatethissayingtohealthyeating.However,Brillat-savarinwasactuallyreferringtoourpersonality,character,andculture.
Certainly,inmanywaysthisseemstobetrue.Chinesecuisineisacaseinpoint.PriortocomingtoChina,myonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmerica,withChinesefoodthathadbeenchangedtosuitAmericantastes.Forexample,America'smostpopularChinesedishisGeneralTso'schicken,whichconsistsoffriedchickencoveredinasweetsauce,favouredwithhotredpeppers.ThisisprobablynotanauthenticChineserecipe,however,soitcannottellusmuchabouttheChinese.Ontheotherhand,itdoestellusalotaboutAmericans.Ittellsus,forexample,thatAmericanslovebold,simplefavours.Andsincethedishwasalsoinventedrecently,ittellsusthatAmericansarenotafraidtotrynewfoods.
Later,IhadachancetoexperienceauthenticChinesefoodbycomingtoChina.WhenmyfamilyandIhadjustarrivedinChina,wewentlookingforagoodplacetoeatinBeijing.ASichuanrestauranthadbeenrecommendedtousbyafriend,andfinally,wefoundit.Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.Withthis,wehadthepleasureofexperiencinganentirelynewtaste:Sichuanpeppercorns.Thefoodwaswonderfulanddifferent,butwhatwasevenmoreimportantwasthefriendshipofferedus.
WesoonmovedtoShandongProvinceintheeasternpartofNorthChina.Myfavouritedishtherewasboileddumplingsservedwithvinegar.Iobservedthatfamilyisimportanttothepeoplethere.IthasbecomeafavouritetraditionaldishofthepeopleinNorthChina,wheremakingdumplingshasalwaysbeenafamilyaffairwitheveryone—fromtheyoungesttotheoldest—joiningintohelp.Later,IlearntthatthemostfamousfoodinShandongispancakerollsstuffedwithslicedChinesegreenonions.
ThenwemovedtonorthernXinjiang.SomeofourfriendswereKazakandInnerMongolian.Thesegroupstraditionallywanderedtheopenrangeonhorses.Asaresult,theirtraditionalfoodsarewhatyoucancookoveranopenfire—usuallyboiledorroastedmeat,suchaslambkebab.
OurtravelsthentookustoSouthChina,andthenontocentralChina.Ineachplacewewent,weexperiencedwonderfullocaldishes,fromGuangdong'selegantdimsum—smallservingsoffoodinbamboosteamers—totheexceptionalstewednoodlesinHenan.Everywhere,thefoodwasasvariedasthepeople.However,onethingisalwaystrue:Throughfood,Chinesepeopleeverywhereshowfriendshipandkindness.
Ataminimum,thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsumetelluswhattheygrowintheirregion,whatkindsoflivestheylead,andwhattheylikeanddonotlike.Couldwealsosay,forexample,thatthosewholikeboldflavoursareboldthemselvesOr,thatthosewholikespicyfoodtendtohaveahottemperMaybe.Maybenot.Whatwecansay,however,isthatcultureandcuisinegohandinhand,andifyoudonotexperienceone,youcanneverreallyknowtheother.
文化与美食
随后，我们又到了新疆北部。我们的一些朋友是哈萨克族人和内蒙古人。传统上，他们骑着马在广阔的草原上漫步因此，他们的传统食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如羊肉串接着，我们前往华南，之后又去了华中。我们每到一处，都会品尝当地美食，有广东的精致点心一一那是放在竹蒸笼里笼出来的小份食品，还有河南独特的烩面。所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。然而，有一件事始终不变:每个地方的中国人都通过食物展现友情与善意。
***Usinglanguage(pages31-32)***
2-rj-xx2-unit3Tingting.mp3音频：00:00/02:43
3-rj-xx2-unit3listenagain.mp3音频：00:00/02:29
--听力原文--
Tingting:WelcometomyfavouriteHunanRestaurant!Ihopeyouenjoyit!
Anna:Thanks,Tingting.I’mveryexcited.IhadneverevenheardofHunancuisineuntilyouinvitedus.
Lisa:ButwhatkindoffoodisHunancuisineexactlyIsitspicylikeSichuanfood
Tingting:It’sevenspicier,Lisa!ButtheflavourissomewhatdifferentfromSichuancuisine.TheheatInSichuancuisinecomesfromchilliesandSichuanpeppercorns.Hunancuisineisoftenhotter,andtheheatusuallycomesfromjustchillies.
Anna:ButwhydoHunanpeopleprefersuchspicyfood
Tingting:Well,Hunanpeoplewilltellyouthattheylikeboldflavoursbecausetheyareaboldpeople.ButmanyChinesepeoplethinkthathotfoodhelpsthemovercometheeffectsofrainyorwetweather,anditisoftenwetinHunanaswellasinotherplacesinthesouth,suchasSichuanandChongqing.
Lisa:Sowhatshallweorder
Tingting:Irecommendthesteamedfishheadcoveredwithchillies.Iknowfishheadmaysoundstrange,butthemeatisquitetenderandthereareveryfewsmallbones,soeveryonelovesit.
Lisa:OK.Andwhat'sthishere:drypotduckwithgoldenbuns
Tingting:It'sduckstir-friedwithgarlic,ginger,andblackbeanpaste,andithassomebreadwithit.It'squitegood,butIsuggestthebridgetofuinstead,asithasalightertaste.
Lisa:Yes,let'sorderthat.
Tingting:Now,whatelsewouldyouliketoeat,Lisa.
Lisa:I’mreallyhungryforsomepork.
Tingting:Well,thenyoushouldhavetheredbraisedpork(红烧猪肉).It'sthemostfamousHunandish.
Anna:Whyisthat
Tingting:Well,ChairmanMaowasfromHunan,andthiswashisfavouritefood.
Anna:Oh,that'sinteresting.Let'shavethatthen.
Tingting:So,we'rereadytoorderwaitress!
--听力答案--
***UsingLanguage(page32)***
4-rj-xx2-unit3healthyeating.mp3音频：00:00/04:58
--课文文本和翻译--
HEALTHYEATING
Thereismuchdebatenowadaysastowhatmakesupahealthydiet.Forexample,scientistshaveinsistedforyearsthatabigenemyofhealthisfattyfood.However,thereisincreasingevidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfattyfood,asitissugar.HeartdiseaseisthenumberonekillerofAmericans.AndinAmerica,peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseasethanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday(JournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,2014).Thisistrueregardlessofhowhealthytherestoftheirdietmightbe.Putmoresimply,whilepeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhetherornotfattyfoodisdangerous,wealreadyknowthatsugarisakiller.
Muchofthisextrasugarcomesfromsweetsandsweetdrinks.TheaverageAmericangets1/3ofhisorhersugarthroughsweetdrinksalone.TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100-150caloriesadayfromsugar,whichislessthanwhatisusuallycontainedinonecanofsweetdrinkorinasinglecandybar.Inotherwords,ifyouwanttobehealthy,youhavetocutdownondesserts,andcutoutsweetdrinksaltogether.
Beyondthis,youcankeephealthybyconsumingdifferentcategoriesoffreshfoods,especiallyfruitandvegetables,whicharefullofvitaminsandfibre,ratherthanprocessedfoods.Processedfoodsoftencontainlessnutrition,andhavehigherquantitiesofsugar,salt,andfatthanfreshingredients.Besidesthis,itisalsoimportanttohavesomemeat,beans,ordairyproductsinyourdiet,astheyprovidethenecessaryproteinforstrongbonesandmusclegrowth.Aswitheverythinginlife,moderationiskey.Theidealdietisabalancedone,withouttoomuchortoolittleofanyonething.
Finally,afundamentalkeytohealthyeatingistoeatslowly.Ittakesabouttwentyminutesfromthetimeyoustarteatingforyourbraintotellyourbodythatyouarefull.Whatthismeansisthatpeoplewhochewtooquicklyendupeatingtoomuchfoodbecausetheystillfeelhungry.Eatingslowlyalsoallowsyourbodytodigestyourfoodbetter,andwillallowyoutoenjoyyourfoodmore.Inaddition,studiesshowthatconsistenteatinghabits,forexample,takingthreemealsadayatthesametimeeachday,arebetterforourhealth.Itisalsobettertoeatamodestamountoffoodeachtime,ratherthantoeatalotinonemeal,andthenalittleinthenext.
Thereisnoonetricktohealthyeating.Rather,healthyeatingstartswithhavingahealthyattitudetowardsfood.Onequestionyoucanaskyourselfis,“DoIeattolive,orlivetoeat”Ifyouareusingfoodmostlyfornutrition,thenyouareontherighttrackwithyourdiet.However,iffoodhasbecomethecentreofyourlife,youmightbeontheroadtobadhealth.Itisuptoyoutodecidehowyouwanttolive,andtomaketherightdecisionsaboutyourdiet.
健康饮食
当下，何为健康饮食仍众说纷纭。例如，多年来科学家一直认为健康的大敌是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，导致不良健康的真正因素并非高脂肪食物，而是糖分。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25％或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10％的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。简单地说当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。
多余的糖分大多来自甜食和甜饮料。一个普通的美国人单从甜饮料中摄取的糖分就占三分之一。美国心脏协会建议我们将每日糖摄入量限制在100至150卡路里以下，少于一听甜饮料或一块糖果通常所含的糖分。换言之，要想身体健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全禁饮甜饮料。
除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。此外，饮食中摄取一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也十分重要，因为这些食物为强壮骨骼、肌肉生长提供必要的蛋白质。适量是关键，生活中万事均如此。理想的饮食是均衡饮食，避免过多或过少摄入任何一种成分。
健康饮食没有诀窍。相反，健康饮食始于健康的饮食态度。你可以问自己一个问题:“我是为了活着而吃饭，还是为了吃饭而活着”如果你吃饭主要是为了吸取营养，那么你已经在饮食上走对了路子。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的核心，那么你可能已踏上不健康之路。你想如何生活如何做出正确的饮食决择，这完全取决于你自己。
***VideoTime(Page12)***
，时长02:26
--视频脚本--
WhatAreYouEatinginAustralia
Narrator:Australianslovefood.Whetheranexotictwistontraditionalfareoranuntestedflavour,theyarenotafraidtoexperiment.Butthere’sanunfamiliarcuisinecrawlingontomenusDownUnder,challengingthebravestofdiners---bugs.AtupmarketrestaurantslikethisoneinSydney,atwistoflimeandadashofsalthasthesecricketsflyingoutofthekitchen.
NowshadAlamRasel(Chef):Whenthecustomerswant,whentheycome(forthe)firsttime,theyhaveto,theyhavetheveryverymuchlikewantstoknowwhatitis.They'llcomethroughthepass.They'reaskingforit.Yeah,it'sveryfamoushere.
Narrator:Highinproteinandcheaperandmoresustainablethantraditionalfoodlikebeef,morethantwobillionpeopleworldwideeatbugs.They’recommonindietsacrosspartsofAsia,LatinAmerica,andAfrica.Andit'scatchingonhere.
SkyeBlackburn(Entomologist):Normallyyougettwodifferentkindsofpeoplewhenitcomestoeatinginsects,sothefirstkindofpeoplearecompletelygrossedoutandum,youreallycan'tchangetheirmind.Theyjustkindofwanttocomeandhavealookanddon'twanttotryitreally.Butthenwegetthesecondkindofpeoplethatreallywanttolearnmoreandumsomeofthemwilltryedibleinsectsandsomeofthemwon't,butthey'llgoawayandtalkabouteatinginsectsandthey'llspreadthewordaboutwhattheyveseenthatday.
Narrator:Skye,anentomologist,runstheonlycommercialinsectfarminAustralia,producingawiderangeofdelicacies,fromsavourycricketstodehydratedants,andevenroastedcockroachesinsectsremainahardsell,butbugbybug,thatcouldbestartingtochange.
GuyMEEwan:SoI'mgoingtogoabiggob.Yeah,it'sgreat!Ilove'em,Ilovebugs.
DannyStagnitta:Sometimeswhenyoumovethepacket,itlookslikethey'realive.
Narrator:Whiletheuniquetreatisprovingpopularatfarmersmarketsandtrendyeateries,itmaybesometimeyetbeforebugsarearegularfeatureonAussiedinnertables
***WorkBook***
***ListeningandSpeaking(page77)***
2.ListentoaconversationatanAmericansteakhousebetweenPaulandLinTao,andthencircletheitemsyouhearonthemenu.
6-rj-xx2-unit3listeningandspeaking-1.mp3音频：00:00/02:26
3.ListenagainandcompletePaul'sorder.
7-rj-xx2-unit3listeningandspeaking-2.mp3音频：00:00/02:16
Paul:I'mgladyoucouldjoinmefordinner,LinTao.
LinTao:Thanksforinvitingme.Wowthismenuhassomanyitemsonit.Idon'tknowwhattoorder.
Paul:Isuggestthesteak.
LinTao:Oh,Iseeitrighthere.Thatsoundsgood.I'lltakeit.
Paul:Waitress
Waitress:Hello.Areyoureadytoorder
PaulYes,we'llbothhavesteaks.
Waitress:Andhowwouldyoulikeyoursteak,rare,medium,orwell-done
Paul:Rare
Waitress:Andwouldyoulikefriesorabakedpotatowiththat
Paul:Bakedpotato.
Waitress:Andsoupofthedayorsalad
Paul:What'sthesoupoftheday
Waitress:It'sFrenchonionsoup.
Paul:IthinkI'ilhavetheseafoodsalad,then.
Waitress:Andyoursaladdressing（色拉酱调料)
Paul:DoyouhaveThousandIsland
Waitress:Yes.
Paul:'llhavethatthen.
Waitress:Andwhatwouldyouliketodrink.
Paul:I'llhaveanicedtea.
Waitress:Andyou,sirHowwouldyoulikeyoursteak
LinTao:Oh,it'salltoomuch!I'lljusttakewhateverhe’shaving.
Waitress:Allright.I'llhaveyourorderrightup
LinTao:Whatdidsheaskyouinthebeginningaboutyourstea
Paul:Oh,sheaskedifIwanteditrare,medium,orwell-done.
LinTao:Whatonearthdoesthatmean
PaulRaremeansthatthesteakisreallyredinside.Mediummeansthatit'spink.Well-doneisn’tpinkatall
LinTao:Andthenallthechoices:kindofpotato,souporsalad,saladdressing,andthendrink.Howdopeoplehandleallthesechoices
PaulWell,yougetusedtoit.ThebeautyofeatingoutinAmericaisthatthefoodisalwaysmadejustforyou,exactlyasyoulikeit.
LinTao:That'ssodifferentfromChina,whereeveryonesharesthesamefood.
Paul:Iknow
***Readingandwriting(page782)***
8-rj-xx2-unit3readingandwriting.mp3音频：00:00/04:09
***unit3全部听力音频（含视频部分）***
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