平时有机会跟外国朋友出去吃饭,让你介绍菜肴的时,会不会难以启齿呢,做为一个吃货怎么能不会呢?!
今天教你最全中国菜的英文说法,一起来学习吧。
英语干货
中国菜的英文名
1.北京烤鸭roastBeijingduck2.辣子鸡丁sautedicedchickenwithhotpeppers3.宫爆鸡丁sautedicedchickenwithpeanuts4.红烧鲤鱼braisedcommoncarp5.茄汁虾仁sautefishsliceswithbambooshoots6.涮羊肉instantboiledslicedmutton7.糖醋里脊porkfilletswithsweet&soursauce8.炒木须肉sauteshreddedporkwitheggs&blackfungus9.榨菜肉丝汤porkwithSichuancabbagesoup10.生炒肚片sautefishmawslices11.回锅肉sauteporkinhotsauce12.糖醋排骨sautechopswithsweet&soursauce13.家常豆腐fridebeancurdwithslicedpork&pepper14.醋溜白菜sautecabbage&pepperinsweet&soursauce15.鱼香茄子sauteeggplantwithfishflavor16麻婆豆腐stwedbeancurdwithmincedporkinpeppersauce17.韭菜炒蛋sauteleeksprouts&eggs
Ⅱ.面食与糕点ChinesePastry&CookedWheatenFood
1.肉/鸡丝汤面noodlesinsoupwithpork/chicken2.担担面noodleswithsesamepaste&peasprouts3.龙须面sautefinenoodleswithshreddedchicken4.炒米线sautericenoodleswithgreenbeansprouts5.杂酱面soybeansinmincedmeat&noodles6.酸辣汤面noodlesinsourpungentsoup7.排骨面soupnoodleswithporkrib8.阳春面noodlesinsuperiorsoup9.凉拌面coolbraisednoodles10.肉包steamedmeatdumpling11.豆沙包beanpastedumpling12.水晶包stuffdebreadwithlard&sugar13.叉烧包stuffedbreadwithroastpork14.水煎包lightlyfriedChinesebread15.花卷twist16小笼包steamedsmallmeatdumplinginbasket17.馄饨ravioli;hun-tun18.大饼bannock19.油条twistdecruller20.豆腐脑beancurdjelly21.茶叶蛋eggboiledwithsalt&tea22.八宝饭steamedglutinousricewitheighttreasures23.葱油饼green>24.黄桥烧饼crispshortcakes25.月饼mooncake26.酒酿sweetfermentrice27.麻花frieddoughtwist28.元宵riceglueball
稀饭Riceporridge白饭Plainwhiterice油饭Glutinousoilrice糯米饭Glutinousrice卤肉饭Braisedporkrice蛋炒饭Friedricewithegg地瓜粥Sweetpotatocongee
馄饨面Wonton&noodles刀削面Slicednoodles麻辣面Spicyhotnoodles麻酱面Sesamepastenoodles鸭肉面Duckwithnoodles鳝鱼面Eelnoodles乌龙面Seafoodnoodles榨菜肉丝面Pork,pickledmustardgreennoodles牡蛎细面Oysterthinnoodles板条Flatnoodles米粉Ricenoodles炒米粉Friedricenoodles冬粉Greenbeannoodle
鱼丸汤Fishballsoup贡丸汤Meatballsoup蛋花汤Egg&vegetablesoup蛤蜊汤Clamssoup牡蛎汤Oystersoup紫菜汤Seaweedsoup酸辣汤Sweet&soursoup馄饨汤Wontonsoup猪肠汤Porkintestinesoup肉羹汤Porkthicksoup鱿鱼汤Squidsoup花枝羹Squidthicksoup
爱玉Vegetariangelatin糖葫芦Tomatoes>长寿桃LongevityPeaches芝麻球Glutinousricesesameballs麻花Hempflowers双胞胎Horsehooves
【点心】牡蛎煎Oysteromelet臭豆腐Stinkytofu(Smellytofu)油豆腐Oilybeancurd麻辣豆腐Spicyhotbeancurd虾片Prawncracker虾球Shrimpballs春卷Springrolls蛋卷Chickenrolls碗糕Saltyricepudding筒仔米糕Ricetubepudding红豆糕Redbeancake绿豆糕Beanpastecake糯米糕Glutinousricecakes萝卜糕Friedwhiteradishpatty芋头糕Tarocake肉圆TaiwaneseMeatballs水晶饺Pyramiddumplings肉丸Rice-meatdumplings豆干Driedtofu
【冰类】绵绵冰Meinmeinice麦角冰Oatmealice地瓜冰Sweetpotatoice红豆牛奶冰Redbeanwithmilkice八宝冰Eighttreasuresice豆花Tofupudding
【果汁】甘蔗汁Sugarcanejuice酸梅汁Plumjuice杨桃汁Starfruitjuice青草茶Herbjuice
【其他】当归鸭Angelicaduck槟榔Betelnut火锅Hotpot头盘餐前小品Appetizers1.各式刺身拼SashimiPlatter2.锅贴PotSticker3.辣汁脆炸鸡腿FriedChickenLegs(SpicyHot)4.鸡沙律ChickenSalad5.酥炸大虾FriedPrawns6.酥炸生豪FriedOysters7.酥炸鲜鱿FriedSquid8.海哲分蹄SmokedJellyFish9.五香牛展SpecialBeef10.白云凤爪ChickenLeg11.琥珀合桃HouseSpecialHoneyWalnuts12.脆皮春卷SpringRolls13.蜜汁叉烧B.B.Q.Pork
【汤羹类Soup】1.花胶鲍鱼火鸭丝羹CongeePikeMawWithRoastDuck2.红烧鸡丝翅ChickenShark’sFinSoup3.竹笙烩生翅BambooSharkFinSoup4.粟米瑶柱羹CornwithDryScallopsSoup5.竹笙海皇羹BambooSeafoodSoup6.鸡蓉粟米羹Corn&ChickenSoup7.酸辣汤Hot&SourSoup8.法国海鲜汤FrenchStyleSeafoodSoup9.法国杂菜汤FrenchStyleVegetableSoup10.杂锦云吞汤CombinationWonTonSoup11.芥菜肉片咸蛋汤MustardGreenSaltedEggSoup12.火鸭咸蛋芥菜汤RoastDuckSaltEgg/MustardGreen13.西葫牛肉羹WestLakeBeefSoup14.三丝烩鱼肚FishSoup15.蝴蝶海参羹SeaCucumberSoup16.四宝豆腐羹SteamTofuSoup
【虾鲜鱿贝类Seafood】1.菜远虾球ShrimpwithTenderGreen2.白灼中虾BoilShrimp3.点桃虾球WalnutShrimp4.油泡虾球CrystalPrawn5.柠檬虾球LemonPrawn6.咕噜虾Sweet&SourPrawn7.蒜茸蒸虾SteamPrawnw/GarlicSauce8.四川虾球SzechuanShrimp9.豆瓣酱鲜鱿FreshSquid10.虾龙糊Shrimpw/LobsterSauce11.韭王象拔蚌GoldChiveGeoduck12.韭王花枝片GoldChiveSquid13.椒盐鲜鱿PepperSaltFreshSquid14.豉汁炒三鲜MixedSeafoodw/BlackBeanSauce15.马拉盏炒鲜鱿SpecialFreshSquid16.碧绿炒带子TenderGreenScallop17.双菇鲜带子MushroomFreshScallop18.豉汁炒大蚬Clamw/BlackBeanSauce19.姜葱生豪Oysterw/Ginger,GreenOnion20.豉汁炒青口Musselw/BlackBeanSauce21.豉汁豆腐蒸带子TofuScallopw/BlackBeanSauce
【海鲜鱼类Seafood(Fish)】1.清蒸游水石斑SteamLiveRockCod2.清蒸蒜茸带子SteamdScallopw/GarlicSauce3.豉汁煎焗塘虱Catfishw/BlackBeanSauce4.清蒸龙利Flounder5.清蒸海鲈Fomfret6.蒸金钱片塘虱SteamCatfish7.辣汁串烧鱼B&QFishStickw/HotSauce8.西兰炒雪鱼球PanFriedSnowFishw/Green9.菜远石斑球TenderGreenRockCod10.豉汁石斑球SteamRockCodw/BlackBeanSauce11.油泡石斑球CrystalRockCod12.川味石斑球SzechuanRockCod13.骨香石斑球FriedRockCodBone14.咕噜石斑球Sweet&SourRockCod15.鱼腐扒菜胆YuFuw/Vegetable
【鸡鸭鸽Poultry】1.脆皮炸子鸡(半)FriedChicken(Half)2.红烧石岐项鸽RoastPigeon3.豉油皇乳鸽Pigeonw/SoySauce4.姜葱油淋鸡(半)GreenOnionChicken(Half)5.北京片皮鸭PekingDuck6.酸甜明炉烧鸭(半)RoastDuck(Half)7.柠檬鸡球LemonChicken8.西芹腰果鸡球VegetableCashewChicken9.咖喱鸡CurryChicken10.豉汁炒鸡球Chickenw/BlackBeanSauce11.四川炒鸡球SzechuanChicken12.菜远鸡球Chickenw/TenderGreen13.宫保鸡球KungPaoChicken14.豉汁黄毛鸡(半)Chickenw/SoySauce15.咕噜鸡Sweet&SourChicken16.八珍发菜扒鸭(半)CombinationDuck(Half)17.子罗炒鸡片Ginger&PineappleChicken18.游龙戏凤Chicken,Shrimp,Squidw/MixedVegetable19.龙凤琵琶豆腐Egg,Chicken,Shrimp,SteamTofu
【猪牛肉类Meat】1.酸甜咕噜肉Sweet&SourPork2.菜远炒排骨Spareribsw/TenderGreen3.豉椒排骨Spareribsw/BlackBeanSauce4.凉瓜炆排骨BittyMelonSpareribs5.京都骨PekingSpareribs6.椒盐排骨PepperSaltSpareribs7.豉椒焖排骨Spareribsw/BlackBean,Pepper8.菜远炒牛肉BroccoliBeef9.凉瓜炒牛肉BittyMelonBeef10.黑椒牛仔骨BlackPepperShortRib11.椒盐牛仔骨PepperSaltShortRib12.中式牛柳ChineseStyleBeef13.四川牛肉SzechuanBeef14.干扁牛柳丝StringBeef15.柠檬牛肉Lemonbeef16.麻婆豆腐Mar-BohTofu
素菜类Vegetarian】1.豪油冬菇OysterSauceMushroom2.什笙上素BambooVegetable3.红烧豆腐FriedTofu4.炒素丁VegetableRoll5.罗汉腐皮卷VegetableEggRoll6.素咕噜肉VegetarianSweetandSour7.蒸山水豆腐SteamTofu8.鲜菇扒菜胆MushroomTenderGreen9.炒杂菜MixedGreenTender10.清炒芥兰ChineseGreenTender11.盐水菜心SaltGreenTender12.干扁四季豆StringBeanWesternStyle13.上汤芥菜胆MustardGreenTender
【炒粉、面、饭RicePlate】1.龙虾干烧伊面LobsterTeriyakiNoodle2.上汤龙虾捞面LobsterNoodle3.杨州炒饭YangChowFriedRice4.虾仁炒饭ShrimpFriedRice5.咸鱼鸡粒炒饭SaltedEggChickenFriedRice6.蕃茄牛肉炒饭Tomatow/BeefFriedRice7.厨师炒饭HouseFriedRice8.生菜丝炒牛肉饭BeefFriedRicew/Lettuce9.招牌炒面HouseChowMein10.鸡球炒/煎面ChickenChowMein11.蕃茄牛肉炒面TomatoBeefChowMein12.海鲜炒/煎面SeafoodChowMein13.虾子姜葱捞面GingerGreenOnionNoodle14.干烧伊面TeriyakiNoodle15.鸡丝上汤窝面ChickenNoodleSoup16.菜远炒牛河VegetableBeefChowFun17.豉椒排骨炒河Spareribw/BlackBeanChowFun18.星洲炒米粉SingaporeNoodle(HotSpice)19.鸳鸯馒头ShanghaiBuns(12)20.上汤水饺DumplingSoup21.上汤云吞WonTonsoup22.丝苗白饭SteamRice
【甜品Dessert】1.雪哈红莲BirdNestRedBeanSoup2.椰汁炖雪哈CoconutBirdNest3.玫瑰红豆沙RedBeanSoup4.椰汁西米露CoconutTapioca5.百年好合RedBeanFreshLilyBulb
【语法涨姿势】
西餐,韩国料理,日本料理风靡中国,但是,作为博大精深的中国文化的一部分,我也希望中国菜出现在世界的各个角落。除了成语、古诗和中药,就是中文的菜名最难翻译,比如“红烧狮子头”(StewedPorkBallinBrownSauce)、“回锅肉”(SautéedSlicedPorkwithPepperandChili)、“糖醋排骨”(SweetandSourSpareRibs)等等。象中国诗词,出色的翻译也只能传达给外国人基本含义,只有中国人能够领会其中韵味,中国菜也不例外,以下规则可供参考:
中国菜的分类
ClassificationsofChineseCuisine
1.八大菜系EightFamousCuisines
鲁菜LuCuisine(ShandongCuisine)
川菜ChuanCuisine(SichuanCuisine)
粤菜YueCuisine(GuangdongCuisine)
闽菜MinCuisine(FujianCuisine)
苏菜SuCuisine(JiangsuCuisine)
浙菜ZheCuisine(ZhejiangCuisine)
湘菜XiangCuisine(HunanCuisine)
徽菜HuiCuisine(AnhuiCuisine)
2.菜品分类TypesofCourses
凉菜类ColdDishes
热菜类HotDishes
汤羹粥煲类Soups,CongeesandCasseroles
主食和小吃MainFoodandSnacks
西餐
WesternCuisine
开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)AppetizersandSalads
汤类Soups
副菜Entrées
主菜MainCourses
配菜SideDishes
甜点Desserts
饮品
Drinks
一、酒精类饮品AlcoholicBeverages
1.国酒ChineseWines
2.洋酒ImportedWines
白兰地与威士忌BrandyandWhisky
金酒与朗姆酒GinandRum
伏特加与龙舌兰VodkaandTequila
利口酒和开胃酒LiqueursandAperitifs
红酒RedWine
二、不含酒精类饮品Non-AlcoholicBeverages
三、中国饮品文化ChineseDrinkingCulture
1.中国茶文化ChineseTeaCulture
2.中国酒文化ChineseWineCulture
翻译原则
一.以主料为主,配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的主料和配料
主料(名称/形状)+with+配料
如:松仁香菇ChineseMushroomswithPineNuts
2.菜肴的主料和配汁
主料with/in+汤汁(Sauce)
如:冰梅凉瓜BitterMeloninPlumSauce
二.以烹制方法为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的做法和主料
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)
如:拌双耳TossedBlackandWhiteFungus
2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料
如:豌豆辣牛肉SautéedSpicyBeefandGreenPeas
3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+with/in+汤汁
如:川北凉粉TossedClearNoodleswithChiliSauce
三.以形状、口感为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料
形状/口感+主料
如:玉兔馒头Rabbit-ShapedMantou
脆皮鸡CrispyChicken
2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料
做法(动词过去分词)+形状/口感+主料+配料
如:小炒黑山羊SautéedSlicedLambwithPepperandParsley
四.以人名、地名为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料
人名(地名)+主料
如:麻婆豆腐MapoTofu(SautéedTofuinHotandSpicySauce)
广东点心CantoneseDimSum
2.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法
做法(动词过去式)+主辅料+人名/地名+Style
如:四川辣子鸡SpicyChicken,SichuanStyle
北京炸酱面NoodleswithSoyBeanPaste,BeijingStyle
五.体现中国餐饮文化,使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则
1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品,本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则,使用汉语拼音。
如:饺子Jiaozi
包子Baozi
馒头Mantou
花卷Huajuan
烧麦Shaomai
2.具有中国特色且已被国外主要英文字典收录的,使用汉语方言拼写或音译拼写的菜名,仍保留其原拼写方式。
如:豆腐Tofu
宫保鸡丁KungPaoChicken
馄饨Wonton
3.中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料的,使用汉语拼音,并在后标注英文注释。
如:佛跳墙Fotiaoqiang(SteamedAbalonewithShark'sFinandFishMawinBroth)
锅贴Guotie(Pan-FriedDumplings)
窝头Wotou(SteamedCorn/BlackRiceBun)
蒸饺SteamedJiaozi(SteamedDumplings)
油条Youtiao(Deep-FriedDoughSticks)
汤圆Tangyuan(GlutinousRiceBalls)
粽子Zongzi(GlutinousRiceWrappedinBambooLeaves)
元宵Yuanxiao(GlutinousRiceBallsforLanternFestival)
驴打滚儿Lǘdagunr(GlutinousRiceRollsStuffedwithRedBeanPaste)
豆汁儿Douzhir(FermentedBeanDrink)
艾窝窝Aiwowo(SteamedRiceCakeswithSweetStuffing)
六.可数名词单复数使用原则
菜单中的可数名词基本使用复数,但在整道菜中只有一件或太细碎无法数清的用单数。
如:蔬菜面NoodleswithVegetables
葱爆羊肉SautéedLambSliceswithScallion
七.介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法
1.如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时,使用in连接。
如:豉汁牛仔骨SteamedBeefRibsinBlackBeanSauce
2.如汤汁或蘸料和主料是分开的,或是后浇在主菜上的,则用with连接。
如:泡椒鸭丝ShreddedDuckwithPickledPeppers
八.酒类的译法原则
进口酒类的英文名称仍使用其原文,国产酒类以其注册的英文为准,如果酒类本身没有英文名称的,则使用其中文名称的汉语拼音。