1、底盘平移台chassisshuttle车辆转移台bustransfer前围角板frontwallanglecover后围侧板rearwallsidecover保险杠bumper三类底盘threetypechassis左侧围应力蒙皮R/Sstretchingskin(roadside)中涂floatingcoat拼装台collector切割轮口wheel-archcutting内饰trim线束harness返工re-doing轮罩护板wheelhouse发车前准备pre-delivery举升hois
2、t小批量产品bepilot2套twokits配电站powertransformersubstation裙板skirt发动机托架engineholdingframe诊断报警系统diagnosisandalarmingsystem互换性interchangeability缩微图纸microfichefiles总装finalassembly磷化phosphate仪表板dashboard切齐trimming结构完整性structureintegrity自动愈合的防腐材料self-healingcorrosionpr
4、on爬坡能力gradeability排水阀drainvalve除湿器moistureejector怠速时atidle琴式驱动桥banjotypedriveaxle通风口duct恒温控制thermostaticcontrol平衡水箱surgetank变光开关simmerswitch消音器muffler防破坏vandalresistant聚碳化透镜poly-carbonateLen镀锌板galvanizedplate搭接lap亮丽的外表smartappearance隐藏式固定concealedfasten
5、ing水洼pending发动机中置式客车buswithunderfloorengine组合式客车车身modularbusbody薄壳式结构shellconstruction衬垫pad空气导流板airdeflector搁梁shelfbeam腰梁waistrail梭梁stabilizingbeam腰带式安全带diagonalsafetybelt压条trimstrip嵌条insertionstrip翼板fender斜撑bracingpiece转向盘回正性试验testofsteeringwheelret
6、urnability转向盘转角脉冲试验steeringwheelimpulseinputtest转向盘转角阶跃输入试验steeringwheelstepinputortransientstateyawresponsetest极限侧向加速度试验limitinglateralaccelerationtest汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验automobileriderandominputrunningtest汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验automobileridesinglepulseinputrunningtest汽车悬挂系统固有频率与
9、fbrakingstability最小转弯直径试验minimumturningdiametertest操舵力试验steeringefforttest类型type发动机engine内燃机internalcombustionengine动力机装置powerunit汽油机gasolineengine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injectionengine火花点火式发动机sparkignitionengine压燃式发动机compressionignitionengine往复式内燃机reciprocatinginternalcombust
10、ionengine化油器式发动机carburetorengine柴油机dieselengine转子发动机rotaryengine旋轮线转子发动机rotarytrochoidalengine二冲程发动机two-strokeengine四冲程发动机four-strokeengine直接喷射式柴油机directinjectionengine间接喷射式柴油机indirectinjectionengine增压式发动机superchargedengine风冷式发动机air-cooledengine油冷式发动机oil-cooledengine水冷式发动机
11、water-cooledengine自然进气式发动机naturallyaspiratedengine煤气机gasengine液化石油气发动机liquifiedpetroleumgasengine柴油煤气机dieselgasengine多种燃料发动机multifuelengine石油发动机hydrocarbonengine双燃料发动机duelfuelengine热球式发动机hotbulbengine多气缸发动机multiplecylinderengine对置活塞发动机opposedpistonengine对置气缸式发动机opposed-
12、cylinderengine十字头型发动机crossheadengine直列式发动机in-lineengine星型发动机radialengine筒状活塞发动机trunk-pistonengine斯特林发动机stirlingengine套阀式发动机knightengine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavengedengine倾斜式发动机slantengine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机centralengine左侧发动机left-handengine右侧发动机right-handengin
13、e短冲程发动机oversquareengine长冲程发动机undersquareengine等径程发动机squareengine顶置凸轮轴发动机overheadcamshaftengine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dualoverheadcamshaftengineV形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valvein-headengine侧置气门发动机sidevalveengine无气门发动机valvelessengine多气门发动机multi-valveengine卧式发动机horizontalengine斜置式发动机inclinedengi
14、ne立式发动机verticalengineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-strokecycle四冲程循环four-strokecycle狄塞尔循环dieselcycle奥托循环ottocycle混合循环mixedcycle定容循环constantvolumecycle工作循环workingcycle等压循环constantpressurecycle理想循环idealcycle热力循环thermodynamiccycle冲
15、程stroke活塞行程pistonstroke长行程longstroke上行程upstroke下行程downstroke进气行程intakestroke充气行程chargingstroke压缩行程compressionstroke爆炸行程explosionstroke膨胀行程expansionstroke动力行程powerstroke排气行程exhauststroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchangestroke换气压缩行程exchange-compressionstroke止点deadcenter上止点topdead
16、center(upperdeadcenter)下止点lowerdeadcenter(bottomdeadcenter)上止点前budc(beforeupperdeadcenter)上止点后atdc(aftertopdeadcetner)下止点前bbdc(beforebottomdeadcenter)下止点后abdc(afterbottomdeadcenter)缸径cylinderbore缸径与行程boreandstroke空气室energychamber气缸余隙容积cylinderclearancevolume燃烧室容积co
17、mbustionchambervolume气缸最大容积maximumcylindervolume压缩室compressionchamber排气量displacement发动机排量enginedisplacement活塞排量pistonsweptvolume气缸容量cylindercapacity单室容量single-chambercapacity容积法volumetry压缩比compressionratio临界压缩比criticalcompressionratio膨胀比expansionratio面容比surfacetovolumera
18、tio行程缸径比stroke-boreratio混合比mixtureratio压缩压力compressionpressure制动平均有效压力brakemeaneffectivepressure(bmep)空燃比airfuelratio燃空比fuelairratio燃料当量比fuelequivalenceratio扭矩torque单缸功率powerpercylinder升功率powerperliter升扭矩torqueperliter升质量massperliter减额功率deratingpower输出马力shafthors
19、epower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力grosshorsepower总功率grosspower净功率netpower燃油消耗量fuelconsumption比燃料消耗率specificfuelconsumption空气消耗率airconsumption机油消耗量oilconsumption有效马力nethorsepower额定马力ratedhorsepower马力重量系数horsepower-weightfactor制动功率brakehorsepower制动热效率brakethermalefficie
20、ncy总效率overallefficiency排烟极限功率smokelimitinghorsepower功率曲线powercurve机械损失mechanicalloss机械效率mechanicalefficiency有效热效率effectivethermalefficiency充气系数volumetricefficiency过量空气系数coefficientofexcessair适应性系数adaptivecoefficient扭矩适应性系数coefficientoftorqueadaptibility转速适应性系数speedadapti
21、vecoefficient强化系数coefficientofintensification校正系数correctionfactor换算系数conversionfactor活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed发动机转速enginespeed(rotationalfrequency)怠速转速idlingspeed经济转速economicspeed起动转速startingspeed最低稳定工作转速lowestcontinuousspeedwithload最大扭矩转速speedatmaximumtorque最高空转转速maximum
22、noloadgovernedspeed调速speedgoverning超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率speedfluctuationrate工况workingcondition(operatingmode)额定工况declaredworkingcondition变工况variableworkingcondition稳定工况steadyworkingcondition空载no-load全负荷fullload超负荷overload部分负荷partload充量（进气）charge旋转方向directionofrotat
23、ion顺时针clockwise逆时针counter-clockwise左转left-handrotation右转right-handrotation外径majordiameter中径pitchdiameter内径minordiameter径向间隙radialclearance发动机性能engineperformance加载性能loadingperformance起动性能startingperformance加速性能accelerationperformance动力性能powerperformance排放性能emissionperformanc
24、e空转特性noloadcharacteristics负荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics调速特性governorcontrolcharacteristics万有特性mappingcharacteristics稳定调速率steadystatespeedgoverningrate气缸体和气缸盖cylinderblockandhead气缸体cylinderblock整体铸造castinblock(castenblock)发动机罩enginebonnet气缸体加强筋engineblockstiffeningrib
25、气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinderbore气缸体机架cylinderblockframe气缸盖cylinderhead配气机构箱valvemechanismcasing气缸体隔片cylinderspacer气缸盖密封环cylinderheadringgasket气缸盖垫片cylinderheadgasket气缸套cylinderliner(cylindersleeve)干式缸套drycylinderliner湿式缸套wetcylinderliner气缸水套waterjacket膨胀塞expansi
26、onplug防冻塞freezeplug气缸壁cylinderwall环脊ringridge排气口exhaustport中间隔板intermediatebottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generatingradius缸体宽度（转子机）operatingwidth机柱column燃烧室combustionchamber主燃烧室maincombustionchamber副燃烧室subsidiarycombustionchamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室swirlcombustionchamber分开式燃烧室div
27、idedcombustionchamber涡流式燃烧室turbulencecombustionchamber半球形燃烧室hemisphericalcombustionchamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtubsectioncombustionchamberL形燃烧室L-combustionchamber楔形燃烧室wedge-sectioncombustionchamber开式燃烧室opencombustionchamber封闭喷射室closedspraychamber活塞顶内燃烧室pistonchamber爆发室explosionchambe
28、r燃烧室容积比volumeratioofcombustioncahmber燃烧室口径比surface-volumeratioofcombustionchamber通道面积比arearatioofcombustionchamberpassage曲轴箱通气口crankcasebreather凸轮轴轴承座camshaftbearingbushseat定时齿轮室罩camshaftdrive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcasedoor曲轴箱防爆门crankcaseexplosionproofdoor主轴承盖mainbear
29、ingcap气缸盖罩valvemechanismcover飞轮壳flywheelcover扫气储器scavengingairreceiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞splitskirtpistonU形槽活塞U-slotpiston滚花修复活塞knurledpiston圆顶活塞domeheadpiston平顶活塞flatheadpiston凸顶活塞crownheadpiston(convexheadpiston)凹顶活塞concaveheadpiston阶梯顶活塞step-headpiston筒形活塞trunkpiston
30、椭圆形活塞ovalpiston抗热变形活塞autothermicpiston不变间隙活塞constantclearancepiston镶因瓦钢片活塞invarstrutpiston直接冷却式活塞direct-cooledpiston间接冷却式活塞indirectcooledpiston滑裙活塞slipperpiston活塞速度pistonspeed活塞顶部pistonhead活塞裙部pistonskirt整体活塞裙solidskirt活塞裙扩大衬簧pistonskirtexpander滑履式活塞裙slipperskirt隔热槽hea
31、tdam活塞标记pistonmark活塞销pistonpin活塞销孔pistonpinboss活塞销衬套pistonpinbushing全浮式活塞销full-floatingpistonpin半浮式活塞销semifloatingpistonpin固定螺钉式活塞销setscrewpistonpin活塞环pistonring组合式活塞环compoundpistonring同心活塞环concentricpistonring偏心活塞环eccentricpistonring自由环freering闭合环closedring梯形环ke
32、ystonering半梯形环halfkeystonering矩形环rectangularring油环oilcontrolring开槽油环slottedoilcontrolring螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环coilspringloadedslottedoilcontrolring涨环expander双坡口油环doublebevelledoilcontrolring内上坡口internalbeveltop内下坡口internalbevelbottom边缘坡口油环bevelled-egeoilcontrolring刮油环scra
33、pperring钩形环napierring镀铬活塞环chromeplatedpistonring活塞衬环pistonringexpander活塞环槽pistonringgroove活塞环区ringzone活塞环岸pistonringland活塞环内表面backofring曲柄连杆机构connectingrod中心曲柄连杆机构central-locatedconnectingrod偏心曲柄连杆机构offsetconnectingrod铰接曲柄边杆机构hingedconnectingrod连杆connectingrod连杆小头c
34、onnectingrodsmallend连杆大头connnectingrodbigend连杆杆身connectingrodshank副连杆slaveconnectingrod叉形连杆fork-and-bladeconnectingrod主连杆mainconnectingrod方形连杆boxedrod绞链式连杆hingedtypeconnectingrod活节式连杆articulatedconnectingrod连杆盖connectingrodcap连杆轴承connectingrodbearing曲轴crankshaft整体式
35、曲轴one-piececrankshaft组合式曲轴assembledcrankshaft右侧曲轴right-handcrankshaft左侧曲轴left-handcrankshaft改变行程的曲轴strokedcrankshaft曲轴前端crankshaftfrontend曲轴主轴颈crankshaftmainjournal轴颈重叠度shaftjournaloverlap圆角fillet主轴承mainbearing曲轴止推轴承crankshaftthrustbearing薄臂轴瓦thinwallbearingshell曲轴油道cr
36、ankshaftoilpassage曲柄crank曲柄臂crankarm曲柄销crankpin轴套bush曲柄转角crankangle曲柄半径crankradius抛油圈oilslander角度轮degreewheel动平衡机dynamicbalancer平衡重balancerweight扭振减振器torshionalvibrationdamper扭振平衡器torsionbalancer谐振平衡器harmonicbalancer振动平衡器vibrationbalancer曲轴链轮crankshaftsprocket转子轴颈rot
37、orjournal偏心轴eccentricshaft曲轴箱crankcase闭式曲轴箱通风装置closed-crankcaseventilatingsystem飞轮flywheel飞轮齿圈flywheelringgear飞轮芯棒cantilever飞轮芯轴flywheelspindle飞轮的惯量矩flywheelmomentofinertia飞轮标记flywheelmark当量系统equivalentsystem当量轴长equivalentshaftlength一级往复惯性力reciprocatinginertiaforce,1sto
38、rder二级往复贯性力reciprocatinginertiaforce,2ndorder离心惯性力centrifugalinertiaforce配气机构valvegear凸轮轴camshaft凸轮cam整体式凸轮轴one-piececamshaft组合式凸轮轴assembledcamshaft凸轮轴驱动机构camshaftdrive赛车用凸轮轴racecamshaft凸轮轴轴颈camshaftbearingjournal凸轮轴轴承camshaftbearing凸轮轴偏心轮camshafteccentric凸轮轴链轮camshafts
39、procket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshafttiminggear凸轮轴齿轮camshaftgearwheel进口凸轮inletcam排气凸轮exhaustcam快升凸轮quickliftcam快升缓降凸轮quickliftgradualclsingcam凸轮轮廓camcontour凸轮包角camangle凸轮升程cam-lobelift凸轮尖camnose凸轮从动件camfollower齿轮传动机构geardrive正时齿轮timinggear链传动机构chaindrive链轮sprocketwheel链轮盘chai
40、nsprocket正时链条timingchain带齿皮带toothedtimingbelt链条张紧轮chaintensiongear半速齿轮halfspeedgear正时齿轮刻印记号timinggearpunchmark气门valve进气过程intakeprocess换气过程gasexchangeprocess扫气过程scavengingprocess给气比deliveryratio分层充气stratifiedcharge充量系数volumetricefficiency涡流比swirlrate进气涡流intakeswirl螺旋
41、进气道进气helicalductintake导流屏式气门进气maskedvalveintake切向进气道进气tangentialductintake进气紊流intaketrubulence进气提前角intakeadvanceangle进气持续角intakedurationangle进气迟后角intakelagangle进面值time-areavalue气门升程valvelift气门正时valvetiming扫气口面积scavengingportarea菌形气门mashroomvalve,poppetvalve钠冷却气门sodi
42、umfilledvalve(natriumcooledvalve)双气门dualvalve进气门intakevalve(suctionvalve,inletvalve)排气门exhaustvalve顶置气门overheadvalve侧置气门sidevalve倾斜气门inclinedoverheadvalve直立气门verticaloverheadvalve套筒式滑阀sleevevalve气门机构valvegear直接式气门驱动机构directvalvegear间接式气门驱动机构indirectvalvegear气门杆valve
43、stem加大气门杆oversizevalvestem气门头valvehead气门工作面valveface气门边限valvemargin气门弹簧座valve-springretainer气门锁片valvekey气门间隙调节螺钉valvelashadjustingscrew气门旋转器valverotator气门室valvecage气门油封valveoilseal气门口valveport气门座valveseat气门座镶圈（嵌镶式气门座圈）valveseatinsert(valveseatring)气门座锥角valveseata
44、ngle气门座宽度valveseatwidth气门挺杆valvetappet(valvelifter)液力挺杆hydraulictappet(lifter)无间隙挺杆zero-rushtappet(non-clearancetappet)筒形挺杆barreltypetappet油压挺杆ooiltappet滚轮挺杆rollertappet(lifter)挺杆转位tappetrotation排气门挺杆exhaustvalvelifter气门导管valveguide气门杆导管stemguide气门重叠度stemoverlap气门开启持续时
45、间valveduration气门正时标记valvetimingsign气门弹簧valvespring气门内弹簧innervalvespring气门外弹簧outervalvespring刚性缓冲弹簧stiffbufferspring上紧弹簧energizingspring防振气门弹簧non-surgingspring弹簧座圈springretainer蝶形弹簧bellevillespring滚柱roller气门室盖valvechambercover摇臂rockerarm高升程摇臂highliftrockerarm摇臂轴ro
46、ckerarmshaft推杆push-rod摇臂支架rockerarmbracket气门摇臂室罩valverockerchambercover导向轮guidewheel导杆slidebar导轨sliderail张紧轮tensioningwheel链条张紧调节装置assemblychaintensionadjuster张紧带轮tensioningpulley传动带张紧装置belttensioner同步驱动皮带synchronousbelt同步驱动皮轮synchronousbeltpulley供油系fuelsystem控制燃烧系统
47、controlledcombustionsystem反湿气装置antipercolator电子燃油喷射electronicfuelinjection蒸气回收装置vaporrecoverysystem燃油蒸气回收系统fuelvaporrecoverysystem液体回收装置liquidwithdrawalsystem恒量净化管constantpurgeline碳罐净化管canisterpurgeline供油量fueldelivery循环供油量fueldeliverypercycle额定供油量ratedfueldelivery怠速
48、供油量idlingspeedfueldelivery供油规律fuelsupplyratecurve油量调节装置fuelcontrolunit供油提前角fuelsupplyadvanceangle进油计量inletmetering几何供油行程geometricfueldeliverystroke供油率fuelsupplyrate燃油通道fuelgallery有效行程effectivestroke剩余行程remainderstroke变行程计量variablestrokemetering等容卸载constantvolumeu
49、nloading变容卸载variablevolumeunloading收缩容积retractionvolume燃油喷油装置fuelinjectionequipment燃油喷射泵fuelinjectionpump滚轮式燃油喷射泵rollfuelinjectionpump凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵camshaftfuelinjectionpump直列式燃油喷射泵in-linefuelinjectionpump伺服式燃油喷射泵servofuelinjectionpump底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵baseflangedmountedfuelinj
50、ectionpump上部安装燃油喷射泵highflanged-mountedfuelinjectionpump侧向安装燃油喷射泵side-mountedfuelinjectionpump端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵endflange-mountedfuelinjectionpumpV形燃油喷射泵veefuelinjectionpump脉动式燃油喷射泵jerkfuelinjectionpump螺纹安装燃油喷射泵screw-mountedfuelinjectionpump蓄能式燃油喷射泵accumulatorfuelinjectionpump往复式燃油喷射泵reciprocatingfuelinjectionpump驱动轴式燃油喷射泵driveshaftfuelinjectionpump单缸式燃油喷