2019年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版(卷一)
PartIWriting(30minutes)
请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourschoolnewspaperonavolunteeractivityorganizedbyyourStudentUniontohelpelderlypeopleintheneighborhood.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsnotmorethan180words.
【范文】
YoungVolunteersVisitedaNursingHome
VolunteersfromouruniversityvisitedanursinghomelocatedinHangzhouonJune14th,whichwashighlyappraisedbytheelderlythere.
Uponthestudents’arrival,tearsofjoyglistenedintheseniors’eyeswhentheyoungstudentspresentedthemwithwell-preparedgifts.Then,thestudentstalkedtothemone-on-onewithkindness.Boththeyouthandtheagedwerewillingtosharetheirlifestories,immersinginanatmosphereofjoy.Whenitwastimefortheyoungsterstoleave,theelderlythankedthemoverandoveragain.Andthevolunteersexpressedthattheylearnedalotandwereallstunnedbytheoptimismtheirelderlyfriendshadfortheirfuture.
AccordingtoWinstonChurchill,aBritishstatesman,“wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.”Thevisitnotonlyenrichestheseniors’dailylife,butalsoprovidestheyouthwithanopportunitytolearnsomeimportantlifelessonsfromtheelderlyresidents.
ByAria,schoolnewspaper
【点评】
在体裁上虽然不同于以往四级命题的规律，但是万变不离其宗的是仍然把学生对英语语言能力的运用能力作为考查重点。综观近五年的四级写作命题趋势，无论是要说明理由、解释原因、阐明影响，第一段的功能始终都是引入，这跟新闻报道的第一段写导语是一致的，所以考生可以结合以往作文的行文思路作为切入点书写新闻报道。第二段是浓墨重彩的一段，而新闻报道与普通作文的区别是更侧重事实，所以要求考生在书写的时候只需要客观写出事情的起因、经过、结果即可。第三段无论是以往的作文还是新闻报道，都需要给出总结(对事件的看法和观点)，在新闻报道的结尾段作出对事件的评价和写出所的感悟就可以了。
Part2ListeningComprehension(25minutes)
本次四级听力难度适中，就听力文本的主题而言，难度略有下降。因为今年这套听力的内容和大学生生活较为贴近，主题以校园，生活类为主，没有难度较大的政治，经济，科技，科普之类的主题，因而，对听力较好的同学而言，应该会感受到比往年题目听到的生词少。
但题目设置上的难度并没有降低(没有题目，红色字体为猜测出题点)。由于目前还没有试卷选项，单就原文和出题位置来看，出题位置符合“头尾重点”“逻辑”处等知识点，考生在时若把握好这这些内容，应能较快反应出对应的答案。
SectionA
Newsreport1
此篇新闻是关于一个从旧金山游到Alktrask岛屿的9岁男孩，首发于2016年1月美联社的报道。这属于社会新闻，是新闻中听懂难度较低的一种。但这篇新闻存在较多地点专有名词，可能会对考生在听力中造成影响。
1.新闻主旨题。重点听开头前两句。
2.新闻细节题。
A9-year-oldcentralCaliforniaboybravedstrongcurrentsandcoldwatertoswimfromSanFranciscotoAlcatrazIslandandback.ACaliforniatelevisionstationEnfresno,reportedTuesdaythatJimSavage,setarecordastheyoungestswimmertomakethejourneytotheformerprison.TheTVstationreportedthatbycompletingtheswim,thefourthgradestudentfromLosbaniosbrokearecordpreviouslyheldbya10-year-oldboy.JimsaidthatwavesintheSanFranciscoBayhittinghimintheface30minutesintothisswim,madehimwanttogiveup.Hisfathersaid,hehadofferedhisson100dollarsasareward.Toencouragehisstrugglingson,hedoubleditto200dollars.Jamespushedforward,makingittoAlcatrazIslandandbackinalittlemorethan2hours.Alcatrazisoveramilefromthemainland.
Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
1.WhatdidtheboyfromcentralCaliforniadoaccordingtoreport
2.Whatdidthefatherdotoencouragehisson
Newsreport2
这篇新闻讲述了大家比较熟悉的事件，关于我国将取消晚婚假。内容生词较少，对于考生听懂的难度应该不高。
1.考察新闻中“原因”要素。由于是此篇新闻的第一题，知识点句仍然落在头两句。
2.结尾处+转折处知识点。
OnthefirstJanuary，newregulationswerecomingtoafactwhicheliminatedanannualleavebonusforpeoplewhoputoffmarriageuntiltheageof23forwomenand25formen,theSouthChinamorningpostreports.Theholidaybonuswastodesigntoencourageyoungpeopletodelaygettingmarried,inlineswithChina’sone-childpolicy,butwiththepolicynowbeenabolished,thisholidayincentiveisnolongernecessary.
Thegovernmentsays.Inshanghai,theyoungcoupleattheregistrationofficetoldthepaperthattheydecidedtoregistertheirmarriageassoonaspossibletotakeadvantageoftheexistingpolicy.Becauseanextraholidaywasabigdealforthem.InBeijing,oneregistrationofficehadabout300couplesseekingtogetmarriedthedayafterthechangeswereannounced.Ratherthantheusualnumber,oftenbetween70and80,butonelawyertellthepaperthechangesstillhavetobeadoptedbylocalgovernmentsandthisprocedurestaketime,sopeoplewhoarerushingforamarriagecanrelax.
Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
3.WhatwaspurposeoftheannualleavebonusofChina
4.Whatdowelearnaboutthenewregulations
Newreport3
这篇新闻新西兰两个女佣创业，专门负责清理家庭聚会后的残局。
1.主旨题。
2.知识点句位于开头处。
3.结尾知识点。
Everyonelovesagoodhouseparty,butthecleaningupinthenextmorningisn’tasenjoyable.Nowhowever,aNewZealandbasedstartupcompanyaimstobringmessyhomesandevensplittingheadachesbacktonormal.TheproperlynamedstartupMorningAfterMaids,waslaunchedabout1monthagoinAucklandbyroom-maidsRebeccaFollyandCatherineAshers.Asidefromcleaningup,thetwowillalsocookbreakfastandevengetcoffeeandpainkillersforrecoveringmerrymakers.Althoughtheyarebothgainfullyemployed,theydidcleaningjobsintotheirnightsandweekendswhichiswhentheirserviceisinmostdemandanyway.
Besidesbeingflattedwithrequestfromacrossthecountry,FollyandAshershavealsoreceivedrequestfromtheUSandCanadatoprovidetheservicesthere,theyarereportedlymeetingwithlawyerstoseehowbesttotakethebusinessforward,
Question5—7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout
6.whatisthecommonproblemofthehouseparty
7.whatareRebeccaFollyandCatherinAshishplanningtodo
LongConversation1
长对话
这篇长对话生活类题材，话题也是大家非常熟悉的考驾照。是两人就男生的驾考进行对话，男生是对话的核心，回答女生的问题。
1.细节题。答案在对话开头处。
2.细节题。
3.细节题。
4.细节题。
W:Carl,howdidyourdriver’stheoryexamgoItwasyesterday,right
M:Yes,I’vepreparedasmuchasIcould.ButIwassonervoussinceitwasmysecondtrial.Thepeoplewhoworkedatthetestcenterwereverykindthough.Wehadalittleconversationwhichcalmedmedownabit,andthatwasjustwhatIneeded.Then,aftertheexam,theyprintedoutmyresult.ButIwasafraidtoopenituntilIwasoutside.IwassuchareliefthatIpassed.
W:Congratulations!Iknewyoucoulddoit.Ithinkyouunderestimatedhowdifficultitwouldbethefirsttime,didn’tyouIhearalotofpeoplemakethatmistakeandgoinunderprepared.Butgoodjobinpassingthesecondtime.I’msoproudofyou.Now,allyouhavetodonextisyourroadtest.Haveyouhadanylessonsyet
M:Yes,thanks.I’msohappytobeactuallyontheroadnow.I’veonlyhadtwodrivinglessonssofar,andmyinstructorisveryunderstanding.So,I’mreallyenjoyingit.Ican’twaitformynextsession.Althoughthelessonsareratherexpensive.20poundsanhour,andtheinstructorsaysI’llneedabove30—40lessonsintotal,that’swhat6—8hundredpounds.So,thistime,I’llneedtomakealotmoreeffort,andhopefully,I’llbesuccessfulthefirsttime.
W:Well,goodluck.
Questions8—11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
8.Whatdidthemandoyesterday
9.Whydidhefailtheexamthefirsttime
10.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisdrivinglessons
11.Whatdoesthemanhopetodonext
LongConversation2
M:Emma,I’vegotacceptedtotheuniversityofLeads.Sinceyou’regoingtouniversityinEngland,doyouknowhowmuchitisforinternationalstudentstostudythere
W:Congratulations.Yes,Ibelieveforinternationalstudents,you’llhavetopayaround13,000poundsayear,it’sjustabitmorethanthelocalstudents.
M:OK,that’sabout17,000dollarsforthetuitionandfees.Anyway,I’monlygoingtobethereforayear,doingmymasters.Soit’sprettygood.IfIstayedintheU.S.,it’dtake2years,andcostatleast50,000dollarsintuitionalone.Also,IhaveagoodchanceofwinningascholarshipatLeads,whichwouldbeprettyawesome,thebenefitofbeingamusicgenius.
W:Yeah,Iheardyouareatalentedpianoplayer.Soyouaredoingapost-graduatedegreenowI’mstillinmylastyear,graduatingnextJune.Finally,I’llbedonewithmystudies,andcouldgoontoearninglotsofmoney.
M:AreyoustillplanningonbeingateacherNomoneyatthatjobthen.
W:You’dbesurprised,I’mstillgoingtobeateacher.Buttheplanistoworkataninternationalschooloverseas,afterIgetayearorsoexperienceinEngland.It’sbetterpaid,andIgettotravel,whichremindsmeI’mlateformyclass,andI’vegotsomedocumentsIneedtoprintoutfirst.I’vegottorun.
Questions12—15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
12.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow
13.Whatisthemangoingtodo
14.Whatmightqualifythemanforascholarshipattheleadsuniversity
15.Whatisthewomanplanningtodoaftergraduation
Passage1
原文：
Scientistshaveidentifiedthousandsofknownantsspeciesaroundtheworld.Andonlyafewofthembughumans.Mostantsliveinthewoods,oroutinnature.There,theykeepothercreaturesincheck,distributeseeds,andcleandeadanddecayingmaterialsfromtheground.Averysmallpercentageofantsdoharmtohumans.Butthoseareincrediblychallengingtocontrol.Theyaresmallenoughtoeasilyslipinsideyourhouse.Liveincoloniesthatnumberinthetensofthousandstothehundredsofthousands,andreproducequickly.Thatmakesthemgoodatgettingin,andhardtokickout.Oncetheysettlein,theseinsectsstartaffectingyourhome.Inadditiontobargingants,otherspeciescancausedifferentkindsofdamage.Some,likecarpenterants,canundermineahomestructure,whileothersinterferewiththeelectricalunits.
Unfortunately,ourhomesareveryattractivetoants,becauseitprovideseverythingthecolonyneedstosurvive,suchasfood,water,andshelter.So,howcanwepreventantsfromgettingintoourhomesMostimportantofall,avoidgivingantsanyaccesstofood,particularlysugaryfood,becauseantshaveasweettooth.Wealsoneedtocleanupspillsassoonastheyoccur,andstorefoodinair-tightcontainers.Evengarbageattractsants,soemptyyourtrashasoftenaspossible.Andstoreyouroutsidegarbageinaliddedcan,whileawayfromdoorsandwindows.
Questions16—18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
16.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutants
17.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutcarpenterants
18.Whatcanwedotopreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes
Passage2
Questions19—21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
19.Whatisthefocusofthespeaker’sresearch
20.Whatarethevolunteersareaskedtodointheresearch
21.Whatdoesthespeakersaywillbetheimpactofhisresearch
Passage3
短文第3篇是记叙文，人物故事题。介绍了一个老师在小学教授国际象棋的事，也介绍了这所小学的教学特点。介绍学校和人物故事是四级短文出现很多次的类型。
1.第一题答案仍然出现在听力开篇处，第一句话直接出答案。
3.细节题
Questions22—25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
22.WhatdidTedKomadanoticeonedayafterhestartedteachingatKilipElementary
23.WhataredozensofstudentsfromKomada’sschoolgoingtodothisweek
24.WhatdowelearnaboutthestudentsofKilipElementary
25.WhathavethestudentslearnedfromKomada
PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonANSWERSHEET2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Shipsareoftensunkinordertocreateunderwaterreefs(暗礁)perfectforscubadriving(水肺式潜泳)andpreservingmarine26.Turkishauthoritieshavejustsunksomethingalittledifferentthanaship,anditwouldn’tnormallyevertouchwater,anAirbusA300.Thehollowed-outA300was27ofeverythingpotentiallyharmfultotheenvironmentandsunkofftheAegeancoasttoday/Notonlywillthesunkenplane28theperfectskeletonforartificialreefgrowth,butauthoritieshopethisnewunderwaterattractionwillbringtouristtothearea.
Theplane29atotallengthof54meters,whereexperiencedscubadiverswill30beabletoventurethroughthecabinandaroundtheplane’s31.AydinMunicipalityboughttheplanefromaprivatecompanyforjustunderUS$100,000,buttheyhopetoseeareturnonthat32throughthetourismindustry.TourismthroughoutTurkeyisexpectedtofallthisyearasthecountryhasbeenthe33ofseveraldeadlyterroristattacks.Asfarassunkenplanesgo,thisAirbusA300isthelargest34sunkaircraftever.
Takingatripunderwaterand35theinsideofasunkenA300wouldbequiteanadventure,andthatisexactlywhatTurkishauthoritiesarehopingthisattractionwillmakepeoplethink.Drawinginadventureseekersandexperienceddivers,thisnewartificialAirbusreefwillbeascubadiver’sparadise(天堂).
A)createB)depressedC)eventuallyD)ExperiencesE)exploringF)exteriorG)habitatsH)innovate
I)intentionallyJ)investmentK)revealingL)stretches
M)strippedN)territoryO)victim
答案：26.G27.M28.A29.L30.C31.F32.J33.O34.I35.E
【答案解析】
26.根据空格位置，marine此处形容词，可判断出26题应为名词。marine的意思是“海生的，海运的”固定搭配“marinehabitat”海洋栖息地。所以本题答案为“G”habitat“栖息地”。
28.此题空格前有“will”,所以此处应填动词原形。选项中动词原形有“A”和“H”,根据句意得知，沉没的飞机可以让人工珊瑚长的更好。所以本题答案为“A”，create“创造，产生”。
29.此处应填动词原形，主语为“plane”，故谓语动词应为单三形式。所以答案是“L”,stretches意为“延伸”，此处指“飞机机身总长为54米”。
30.此处应填副词，用来修饰后面的“beabletoventure”,答案应锁定在“C”eventually和“L”intentionally。这句话的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险。故选项“C”eventually“最终地”，更符合句意。
31.此处应填名词形式，因为空格前为“plane’s”。名词选项有“F”和“N”。空格处前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险，所以后半句应该为他们也可以在船舱外面冒险。故答案为“F”exterior“外部，表面”。
32.因为空格前为“onthat”...所以此处应为名词。本句话的大意是：买这架飞机花了很多钱，所以他们希望通过旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报。所以答案为“J”investment“投资”。
33.此处应填名词形式。空格后的内容为“严重的致命恐怖袭击”，所以空格处应为victim“受害者”。故答案为“O”。
34.此处应为副词形式。因为副词修饰形容词“largest”。副词只剩“I”intentionally有目的性地，故意地，修饰后面sunk,所以本题答案为“I”。
35.此题应为v.-ing形式，与and前的“takingatripunderwater”保持并列。“E”exploring和“K”revealing都是v.-ing形式。根据本句句意，“E”exploring“探索”更符合句意。本句话的意思是“水下旅行和探索沉没的A300的内部都会是一场冒险”。
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
ResilienceIsAboutHowYouRecharge,NotHowYouEndure
[A]Asconstanttravelersandparentsofa2-year-old,wesometimesfantasizeabouthowmuchworkwecandowhenoneofusgetsonaplane,undistractedbyphones,friends,ormovies.Weracetogetallourgroundworkdone:packing,goingthroughsecurity,doingalast-minuteworkcall,callingeachother,thenboardingtheplane.Then,whenwetrytohavethatamazingworksessioninflight,wegetnothingdone.Evenworse,afterrefreshingouremailorreadingthesamestudiesoverandover,wearetooexhaustedwhenwelandtosoldieronwith(继续处理)theemailsthathaveinevitablystillpiledup.
[B]WhyshouldflyingdepleteusWe’rejustsittingtheredoingnothing.Whycan’twebetougher,moreresilient(有复原力的)anddeterminedinourworksowecanaccomplishallofthegoalswesetforourselvesBasedonourcurrentresearch,wehavecometorealizethattheproblemisnotourhecticscheduleortheplanetravelitself;theproblemcomesfromamisconceptionofwhatitmeanstoberesilient,andtheresultingimpactofoverworking.
[C]Weoftentakeamilitaristic,“tough”approachtoresilienceanddeterminationlikeaMarinepullinghimselfthroughthemud,aboxergoingonemoreround,orafootballplayerpickinghimselfupoffthegroundforonemoreplay.Webelievethatthelongerwetoughitout,thetougherweare,andthereforethemoresuccessfulwewillbe.However,thisentireconceptionisscientificallyinaccurate.
[D]Theverylackofarecoveryperiodisdramaticallyholdingbackourcollectiveabilitytoberesilientandsuccessful.Researchhasfoundthatthereisadirectcorrelationbetweenlackofrecoveryandincreasedincidenceofhealthandsafetyproblems.Andlackofrecovery—whetherbydisruptingsleepwiththoughtsofworkorhavingcontinuouscognitivearousalbywatchingourphones—iscostingourcompanies$62billionayearinlostproductivity.
[E]Andjustbecauseworkstops,itdoesn’tmeanwearerecovering.We“stop”worksometimesat5pm,butthenwespendthenightwrestlingwithsolutionstoworkproblems,talkingaboutourworkoverdinner,andfallingasleepthinkingabouthowmuchworkwe’lldotomorrow.Inastudyjustreleased,researchersfromNorwayfoundthat7.8%ofNorwegianshavebecomeworkaholics(工作狂).Thescientistsciteadefinitionof“workaholism”as“beingoverlyconcernedaboutwork,drivenbyanuncontrollableworkmotivation,andinvestingsomuchtimeandeffortinworkthatitimpairsotherimportantlifeareas.”
[F]WebelievethatthenumberofpeoplewhofitthatdefinitionincludesthemajorityofAmericanworkers,whichpromptedustobeginastudyofworkaholismintheU.S.Ourstudywillusealargecorporatedatasetfromamajormedicalcompanytoexaminehowtechnologyextendsourworkinghoursandthusinterfereswithnecessarycognitiverecovery,resultinginhugehealthcarecostsandturnovercostsforemployers.
[G]Themisconceptionofresilienceisoftenbredfromanearlyage.Parentstryingtoteachtheirchildrenresiliencemightcelebrateahighschoolstudentstayingupuntil3amtofinishasciencefairproject.Whatadistortionofresilience!Aresilientchildisawell-restedone.Whenanexhaustedstudentgoestoschool,heriskshurtingeveryoneontheroadwithhisimpaireddriving;hedoesn’thavethecognitiveresourcestodowellonhisEnglishtest;hehaslowerself-controlwithhisfriends;andathome,heismoodywithhisparents.Overworkandexhaustionaretheoppositeofresilienceandthebadhabitsweacquirewhenwe’reyoungonlymagnifywhenwehittheworkforce.
[H]AsJimLoehrandTonySchwartzhavewritten,ifyouhavetoomuchtimeintheperformancezone,youneedmoretimeintherecoveryzone,otherwiseyouriskburnout.Gatheringyourresourcesto“tryhard”requiresburningenergyinordertoovercomeyourcurrentlylowarousallevel.Italsoworsensexhaustion.Thusthemoreimbalancedwebecomeduetooverworking,themorevaluethereisinactivitiesthatallowustoreturntoastateofbalance.Thevalueofarecoveryperiodrisesinproportiontotheamountofworkrequiredofus.
[I]SohowdowerecoverandbuildresilienceMostpeopleassumethatifyoustopdoingatasklikeansweringemailsorwritingapaper,yourbrainwillnaturallyrecover,sothatwhenyoustartagainlaterinthedayorthenextmorning,you’llhaveyourenergyback.Butsurelyeveryonereadingthishashadtimeswhenyoulieinbedforhours,unabletofallasleepbecauseyourbrainisthinkingaboutwork.Ifyoulieinbedforeighthours,youmayhaverested,butyoucanstillfeelexhaustedthenextday.That’sbecauserestandrecoveryarenotthesamething.
[J]Ifyou’retryingtobuildresilienceatwork,youneedadequateinternalandexternalrecoveryperiods.AsresearchersZijlstra,CropleyandRydstedtwriteintheir2014paper:“Internalrecoveryreferstotheshorterperiodsofrelaxationthattakeplacewithintheframesoftheworkdayortheworksettingintheformofshortscheduledorunscheduledbreaks,byshiftingattentionorchangingtootherworktaskswhenthementalorphysicalresourcesrequiredfortheinitialtaskaretemporarilydepletedorexhausted.Externalrecoveryreferstoactionsthattakeplaceoutsideofwork—e.g.inthefreetimebetweentheworkdays,andduringweekends,holidaysorvacations.”Ifafterworkyouliearoundonyourbedandgetirritatedbypoliticalcommentaryonyourphoneorgetstressedthinkingaboutdecisionsabouthowtorenovateyourhome,yourbrainhasnotreceivedabreakfromhighmentalarousalstates.Ourbrainsneedarestasmuchasourbodiesdo.
[K]Ifyoureallywanttobuildresilience,youcanstartbystrategicallystopping.Giveyourselftheresourcestobetoughbycreatinginternalandexternalrecoveryperiods.AmyBlanksondescribeshowtostrategicallystopduringthedaybyusingtechnologytocontroloverworking.ShesuggestsdownloadingtheInstantorMomentappstoseehowmanytimesyouturnonyourphoneeachday.YoucanalsouseappslikeOfftimeorUnpluggedtocreatetechfreezonesbystrategicallyschedulingautomaticairplanemodes.Theaveragepersonturnsontheirphone150timeseveryday.Ifeverydistractiontookonly1minute,thatwouldaccountfor2.5hoursaday.
[L]Inaddition,youcantakeacognitivebreakevery90minutestochargeyourbatteries.Trytonothavelunchatyourdesk,butinsteadspendtimeoutsideorwithyourfriends—nottalkingaboutwork.Takeallofyourpaidtimeoff,whichnotonlygivesyourecoveryperiods,butraisesyourproductivityandlikelihoodofpromotion.
[M]Asforus,we’vestartedusingourplanetimeasawork-freezone,andthustimetodipintotherecoveryphase.Theresultshavebeenfantastic.Weareusuallytiredalreadybythetimewegetonaplane,andthecrowdedspaceandunstableinternetconnectionmakeworkmorechallenging.Now,insteadofswimmingupstream,werelax,sleep,watchmovies,orlistentomusic.Andwhenwegetofftheplane,insteadofbeingdepleted,wefeelrecoveredandreadytoreturntotheperformancezone.
36.Ithasbeenfoundthatinadequaterecoveryoftenleadstopoorhealthandaccidents.
37.Mentalrelaxationismuchneeded,justasphysicalrelaxationis.
38.Adequaterestnotonlyhelpsonerecover,butalsoincreasesone’sworkefficiency.
39.Theauthoralwayshasahectictimebeforetakingaflight.
40.Recoverymaynottakeplaceevenifoneseemstohavestoppedworking.
41.Itisadvisedthattechnologybeusedtopreventpeoplefromoverworking.
42.Contrarytopopularbelief,restdoesnotequalrecovery.
43.Theauthorhascometoseethathisproblemresultsfromamisunderstandingofthemeaningofresilience.
44.People’sdistortedviewaboutresiliencemayhavedevelopedfromtheirupbringing.
45.Peopletendtothinkthemoredeterminedtheyare,thegreatertheirsuccesswillbe.
答案：
答案：36.D37.J38.L39.A40.E41.K42.I43.B44.G45.C
36.答案：D。题干中inadequaterecovery替换原文D段中的lackofarecovery。
37.答案：J。题干中relaxationismuchneeded,justasphysicalrelaxationis替换原文J段中第二句的thementalorphysicalresourcesrequired。
38.答案：L。题干中increasesone’sworkefficiency替换原文L段最后一句中的raisesyourproductivity
39.答案：A。题干中hasahectictimebeforetakingaflight.替换原文A段第三句中的Then,whenwetrytohavethatamazingworksessioninflight。
40.答案：E。题干中Recoverymaynottakeplaceevenifoneseemstohavestoppedworking.替换原文E段第一句的Andjustbecauseworkstops,itdoesn’tmeanwearerecovering。
41.答案：K。题干中technologybeusedtopreventpeoplefromoverworking替换原文K段第二句中的byusingtechnologytocontroloverworking。
42.答案：I题干中restdoesnotequalrecovery替换原文I段中最后一句That’sbecauserestandrecoveryarenotthesamething。
43.答案：B。题干中problemresultsfromamisunderstanding替换原文B段最后一句中的theproblemcomesfromamisconception。
44.答案：G题干中developedfromtheirupbringing替换原文G段中第一句的oftenbredfromanearlyage
45.答案：C题干中Peopletendtothinkthemoredeterminedtheyare,thegreatertheirsuccesswillbe.替换原文C段第二句中的Webelievethatthelongerwetoughitout,thetougherweare,andthereforethemoresuccessfulwewillbe。
SectionC
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorresponding…….
AnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Question46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Mostkidsgrowuplearningtheycannotdrawonthewalls.Butitmightbetime……..training—thissummer,agroupofcultureaddicts,artistsandcommunityorganization….NewYorkerstowritealloverthewallsofanoldhouseonGovernor’sIsland.
TheprojectiscalledWritingOnitAll,andit’saparticipatorywritingproject…..thathashappenedonGovernor’sIslandeverysummersince2013.
“Mostoftheparticipantsarepeoplewhoarejustwalkingbyorareontheisland…..,ortheyjustkindofhappentobethere,”AlexandraChasin,artisticdirector……tellsSmithsonian.com.
The2016seasonrunsthroughJune26andfeaturessessionsfacilitatedby…..todomesticworkers.Eachsessionhasatheme,andparticipantsaregive….andpromptsandaskedtocoversurfaceswiththeirthoughtsandart.….rangefromonethatturnsthehouseintoacollaborativeessaytoone……ofexile.
…..vernor’sIslandisanationalhistoriclandmarkdistrictlongusedfor….ownas“NewYork’ssharedspaceforartandplay,”theisland,……andBrooklyninUpperNewYorkBay,isclosedtocarsbutopento…forfestivals,picnics,adventures,aswellasthese“legalgraffiti(涂鸦)……notesandartscribbled(涂画)onthewallsareanexperimentinself-……haverangedinagefrom2to85.ThoughChasinsaysthefocusof….activityofwriting,ratherthanthetextthatendsupgettingwritten,someoftheworkthatcomesoutofthesessionshasstuckwithher.
“Oneofthesessionsthatmovedmethemostwasstateviolenceonblackwomenandblackgirls,”saysChasin,explainingthatinoneroom,peoplewrotedownthenamesofthosekilledbecauseofit.“peopledobeautifulworkandleavebeautifulmessages.”
46.whatdoestheprojectWritingOnItAllinvitepeopletodo
A)Unlearntheirtrainingindrawing.
B)Participateinastategraffitishow.
C)Coverthewallsofanoldhousewithgraffiti
D)Exhibittheirartisticcreationinanoldhouse.
47.whatdowelearnabouttheparticipantsintheproject
A)Theyarejustcultureaddicts.C)Theyarewritersandartists
B)TheyaregraffitienthusiastsD)Theyaremostlypassers-by
48.Whatdidtheprojectparticipantsdoduringthe2016season
A)Theywerefreetoscribbleonthewallswhatevercametotheirmind.
B)Theyexpressedtheirthoughtsingraffitionthethemeofeachsession
C)Theylearnedthetechniquesofcollaborativewriting.
D)Theywererequiredtocooperatewithothercreators.
49.WhatkindofplaceisGovernor’sIsland
A)Itisahistoricsitethatattractstouristsandartists
B)Itisanareanowaccessibleonlytotouristvehicles
C)ItisaplaceinUpperNewYorkBayformerlyusedforexiles
D)Itisanopenareafortouriststoenjoythemselvesyearround.
50.WhatdoesChasinsayabouttheproject
A)Itjustfocusedonthesufferingsofblackfemales
B)Ithelpedexpandtheinfluenceofgraffitiart.
C)Ithasstartedthecareerofmanycreativeartists.
D)Ithascreatedsomemeaningfulartisticworks.
【答案】CDBAD
【解析】
46.选C，替换了原文para1中的towritealloverthewallsofanoldhouseonGovernor’sIsland.
A：对原文1-1细节信息的改写重组：原文1-1中的learn被改成unlearn,再结合train贺draw两个原文复现词汇，组合成了该干扰选项。
B：对原文信息的增补，文中未提及这个活动是一场show。学生易选到该选项是因为受到2-1participatory一词的干扰。
D：属于无中生有，artisticcreations未出现过
47.选D，由定位词participants定位在3-1，D选项对原文的peoplewhoarejustwalkingby进行了改写
A，C，B选项受1-2中信息cultureaddicts,artists….等的干扰
48.选B，由定位词2016season回到原文para4,B答案是对4-2Eachseasonhasatheme,andparticipantsaregiven…andpromptsandaskedtocoversurfaceswiththeirthoughtsandart.
A:原文未提及befreetoscribble
C：受到4-4中collaborative一词的干扰，对原文进行了概念的偷换
D：“他们被要求与其他创作者协同合作”符合常识，易被学生搞混
49.选A，A是对原文5-1…isanationalhistoriclandmarkdistrictlongusedfor….的改写
B：错在onlyto..原文5-4说明这个岛屿还会对其他对象开放
C：原文细节信息重组，4-5与5-3重组出的错误信息
D：无中生有
50.选D，是对6-3“peopledobeautifulworkandleavebeautifulmessages”的改写
A：错在justfocusedon….原文未提及这点
B：错在helpexpandtheinfluenceof…这个选项很符合常识，所以易被选去
C：“它开启了许多创造性艺术家们的事业生涯”也是个符合常识的选项，易被选去，但原文未提及这点。
PassageTwo
Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage
Onlineprogramstofightdepressionarealreadycommerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficientcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.
Thestudylookedatcomputer-assistedcognitivebehavioraltherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkinordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.
AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(随机的)controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrosstheEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneoftwocomputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑郁药).
Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.
“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalcareattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.”
Beingdepressedcanmeanfeeling“lostinyourownsmall,negative,darkworld,”Dowricksays.Havingaperson,insteadofacomputer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantincombatingthatsenseofisolation.“Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you’reevenmoreneedofacaringhumanbeings,”hesays.
51.WhatdoestherecentstudysayaboutonlineCBTprograms
A)Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.
B)Patientscannotengagewiththemwithouttheuseofacomputer.
C)Theycansavepatientstroublevisitingphysicians.
D)Theyhavebeenwellreceivedbyalotofpatients.
52.WhathasmadeonlineCBTprogramsincreasinglypopular
A)Theireffectivenessincombatingdepression.
B)Thelowefficiencyoftraditionaltalktherapy.
C)Theireasyandinexpensiveaccessbypatients.
D)Therecommendationbyprimarycaredoctors.
53.WhatisthemajorfindingbyresearchersattheUniversityofYork
A)OnlineCBTprogramsarenomoreeffectivethanregularcarefrom……
B)Theprocessoftreatingdepressionisoftenmorecomplicatedthana……
C)ThecombinationoftraditionalCBTandcomputerizedCBTismos……
D)Depressionisamentalconditionwhichistobetreatedwithextrer……
54……isProfessorDowrick’sadviceconcerningonlineCBTprograms
A)Theyshouldnotbeneglectedinprimarycare.
B)Theireffectivenessshouldnotbeoverestimated.
C)Theyshouldbeusedbystrictlyfollowinginstructions
D)Theiruseshouldbeencouragedbydoctorsandtherapists
55……moreimportanttoanemotionallyvulnerableperson
A)positivestateofmindC)Timelyencouragement
B)AppropriatemedicationD)Humaninter……
【答案】ACABD
【解析】由题干关键词“therecentstudy”和“CBT”定位到第一段第二句第二段第一句。第一段第二句已给出此研究的观点即“noteffective”，原因由“because”引导的内容“arenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem”得出，抑郁症患者不太可能参与并且坚持完全程，对应A选项“Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure”。
【解析】由题干关键词“CBT”和“increasinglypopular”定位第三段最后一句“onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity”，受欢迎的因素紧随其后——“lowcosthelp”“accesstoacomputer”，选项C“Theireasierandinexpensiveaccessbypatients”是原文的同义替换，故为答案。
【解析】由题干关键词“researchers”和“theUniversityofYork”定位到第四段。第四段描述的是研究主要内容和过程，而题干问的“majorfinding”在第五段可以找到——“hadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors”，将两种治疗方法进行对比，发现用网络CBT疗法的病人没有得到更有效的改善，所以对应选项AOnlineCBTprogramsarenomoreeffectivethanregularcarefromp...。
54.WhatisProfessorDowrick’sadviceconcerningonlineCBTprograms
【解析】由题干关键词“ProfessorDowrick”定位到第六段。第六段的第一句话是Dowrick教授的建议——“weshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists”。教授建议不应该过于沉迷于电脑系统可以替代医生和治疗希赛网的观点，因此对应B选项“Theireffectivenessshouldbenotbeoverestimated”。
55.Whatismoreimportanttoanemotionallyvulnerableperson
【解析】由题干关键词“emotionallyvulnerableperson”定位到最后一段最后一句，对“acaringhumanbeing”的需要对应D选项“Humaninteraction”。
PartIVTranslation(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.
剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。
【译文】Papercutting,withahistoryof2,000years,isauniqueformofChinesefolkarts.ItprobablyoriginatedfromHanDynastyaftertheinventionofthepaper.Sincethen,ithasgainedpopularityinmanypartsofChina.Thematerialandthetoolusedforpapercuttingareverysimple:paperandscissors.Thepaper-cuttingartworkisusuallymadeoftheredpaper,becausethecolorredisconnectedwithhappinessintraditionalChineseculture.Therefore,theredpaper-cuttingisthefirstoptionofthedoorandwindowdecorationinjoyousoccasionsuchasweddingsandtheSpringFestival.
【逐句解析】
(1)剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。
【解析】考查一主多动词的翻译技巧：同一个主语“剪纸”有两个谓语“是”和“有”，可以将其中一个动词处理成谓语，另一个动词处理成非谓语、介词或者其他形式。考查后置定语的翻译技巧。剪纸：papercutting;民间艺术：folkart;独特的：unique;形式：form
【参考答案】Papercutting,withahistoryof2,000years,isauniqueformofChinesefolkarts.
或者Papercutting,auniqueformofChinesefolkarts,hasahistoryof2,000years.
(2)剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。
【解析】考查一主多动词的翻译技巧。同一个主语“剪纸”有“源于”和“(是)继…”两个动词，可以将其中一个动词处理成谓语，另一个动词处理成非谓语、介词或者其他形式。源于：originatefrom/bedatebackto等;很可能：probably;汉代：HanDynasty;发明：invention(n.)
【参考答案】ItprobablyoriginatedfromHanDynastyaftertheinventionofthepaper.
(3)从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。
【解析】考查状语的翻译语序和完成时态。从此：sincethen;得到普及：becomeuniversal/gainpopularity;在中国的许多地方：inmanypartsofChina
【参考答案】Sincethen,ithasgainedpopularityinmanypartsofChina.
(4)剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。
【解析】考查后置定语的翻译。主干是“材料和工具都很简单”，修饰是“剪纸用的”译文“usedforpapercutting”。材料：material;工具：tool;剪刀：scissors
【参考答案】Thematerialandthetoolusedforpapercuttingareverysimple:paperandscissors.
(5)剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。
【解析】考查被动结构的翻译：用……做成的ismadeof;剪纸作品：paper-cuttingartwork;与…相联：beassociatedwith/beconnectedwith/berelatedto;中国传统文化Chinesetraditionalculture
【参考答案】Thepaper-cuttingartworkisusuallymadeoftheredpaper,becausethecolorredisconnectedwithhappinessinChinesetraditionalculture.
(6)因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。
【解析】考查后置定语的翻译。“门窗装饰的首选”译文“首选of门窗装饰”。婚礼：wedding;春节：theSpringFestival;喜庆场合：joyousoccasion;门窗装饰：thedoorandwindowdecoration;首选：firstoption/choice
【参考答案】Therefore,theredpaper-cuttingisthefirstoptionofthedoorandwindowdecorationinjoyousoccasionsuchasweddingsandtheSpringFestival.
或者Therefore,peopledecoratetheirdoorsandwindowswiththeredpaper-cuttingasthefirstoptioninjoyousoccasionsuchasweddingsandtheSpringFestival.
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