Amazonisclosingallofitsbrick-and-mortar(实体的)bookstores,aswellasits4-starshopsandpop-uplocations,astheonlineretail(零售)giantreworksitsphysicalfootprint.
TheSeattle-basedcompanysaidthatthemovewillenableittoconcentrateitseffortsonAmazonFresh,WholeFoodsMarket,AmazonGoanditsupcomingAmazonStylestores.AmazonStyle,whichwillsellfashionandaccessories,issettoopeninaSouthernCaliforniamalllaterthisyear.“Weremainengagedinbuildinggreat,long-termphysicalretailexperiencesandtechnologiesandwe’reworkingcloselywithouraffectedemployeestohelpthemfindnewroleswithinAmazon,”thecompanysaidinastatement.
Amazonopeneditsfirstbrick-and-mortarbookstorein2015,twodecadesafteritbegansellingbooksonlineandhelpeddrivemanytraditionalbookshopsoutofbusiness.Amazon’s4-starshops,whichmadetheirdebutin2018,carryalimitedselectionofbest-sellingproductsfromtopcategoriesthatAmazon.comsells,includingconsumerelectronics,toysandgames.
ThemovecomesasAmazon.comInc.’soverallfinancialgrowthisslowingasaresultofsupply-chaindifficultiesandlaborshortages,andit’slookingfornewwaystoincreasesales.
AmazonalsoisraisingitsannualPrimemembershipfeeintheU.S.toS139peryearfrom$119.It’sthefirstpricehikeforthePrimemembershipsince2018.
NeilSaunders,managingdirectorofGlobalDataRetail,saidthebookstorestrategycomesasasurprise.Hesaidhebelievesit’sanacknowledgementthatthebookstoresweren’tdeliveringthereturnsAmazonwasseeking.
SaunderssaidhethinksthemainproblemwithAmazon’snon-foodstoresisthattheylackedarealpurposeeventhoughthegoodswaswellpresented.“Theyweredesignedforpeopletopopinandbrowseratherthanasdestinationswherepeoplewouldheadonamissiontobuysomething.”
Manyofushaveexperiencedthefollowing:thedaybeforeanexam,wetrytosqueezeahugeamountofinformationintoourbrain.Butjustasquicklyasweacquireit,theknowledgewehavegainedisgoneagain.Thegoodnewsisthatwecansolvethisproblem.Withexpandedtimeintervalsbetweenaperson’slearningevents,wekeeptheknowledgeforalongertime.
ButwhathappensinthebrainduringthespacingeffectItisgenerallythoughtthatduringlearning,neurons(神经元)areactivatedandformnewconnections.Inthisway,thelearnedknowledgeisstoredandcanberegainedbyreactivatingthesamesetofneurons.However,westillknowverylittleabouthowpausespositivelyinfluencethisprocess.
NeurobiologistsAnnetandPieterdidanexperiment,duringwhichmicehadtorememberthepositionofahiddenchocolatepieceinamaze(迷宫).Onthreecontinuouschances,theywereallowedtoexplorethemazeandfindtheirreward—includingpausesofdifferentlengths.“Micetrainedwiththelongerintervalsbetweenlearningphases(阶段)wereunabletorememberthepositionofthechocolateasquickly,”explainsAnnet.“Butthenextday,thelongerthepauses,thebetterwasthemice’smemory.”
“Ifthreelearningphasesfolloweachotherveryquickly,wenaturallyexpectthesameneuronstobeactivated,”Pietersays.“Afterall,itisthesameexperimentwiththesameinformation.Butafteralongbreak,weimaginethebraininterpretsthefollowinglearningphaseasaneweventandprocessesitwithdifferentneurons.”
However,theresearchersfoundtheopposite.Infastcontinuouslearningphases,themiceactivatedmostlydifferentneurons.Whentakinglongerbreaks,thesameneuronsactiveearlierwereusedagainlater.Reactivatingthesameneuronscouldallowthebraintostrengthentheconnectionsbetweenthesecells.Withspacedlearning,wemayreachourgoalmoreslowly,butwebenefitfromourknowledgeformuchlonger.
ManyofChina’sancientarchitecturaltreasuressmashedtodustbeforeLinHuiyinandLiangSichengbegandocumentingtheminthe1930s.ThehusbandandwifeteamwereamongthefirstpreservationiststooperateinChina,andbyfarthebestknown.Theireffortshavesinceinspiredgenerationsofpeopletospeakoutforarchitecturethreatenedbytherushtowarddevelopment.
BecomingChina’sbestarchitecturalhistorianswasnoeasyaccomplishment.Thebuildingstheywantedtosavewerecenturiesoldlocatedindistantpartsofthecountry.Inmanycases,theyhadtojourneythroughdangerousconditionsintheChinesecountrysidetoreachthem.ExploringChina’sremoteareasduringthe1930smeanttravelingmuddy,poorlymaintainedroadsbymule(骡子)oronfoot.Innswereoftendirty,foodcouldbepolluted,andtherewasalwaysriskorviolencefromrebels,soldiersandrobbers.
TheirgreatestdiscoverywastheTempleofBuddha’sLight,inWutaiCounty,ShanxiProvince.Thebreathtakingwoodentemplewasbuiltin857A.D.,makingittheoldestbuildingknowninChinaatthetime.
LiangandLincrawledintothetemple’smostforbidding,forgottenareastodetermineitsage,includingonehideawayinhibitedbythousandsofbatsandmillionsofbedbugs,coveredindustandlitteredwithdeadbats.“Incompletedarknessandamongtheawfulsmell,hardlybreathing,withthickmaskscoveringournosesandmouths,wemeasured,drew,andphotographedwithflashlightsforseveralhours.Whenatlastwecameouttotakeabreathoffreshair,wefoundhundredsofbedbugsinourbag.Weourselveshadbeenbadlybitten.Yettheimportanceandunexpectednessofourfindmadethosethehappiesthoursofmyyearshuntingforancientarchitecture.”Liandwroteoftheexperienceinanaccountincludedin“LiangandLin;PartnersinExploringChina’sArchitectualPast.”
Wantarelaxingbutfunchallengeathome11Puzzleshavebeenaroundformorethan250yearsandthechallengeofworkingoutwhereeachpiecegoesandcarefullyrecreatingthesceneontheboxlidcankeepyoubusyforhours,daysorevenweeks.
Puzzlescomeinahugerangeofsizesanddifficultylevels.Forbeginners,a100-piecepuzzleisusuallyagoodstartingpoint.12Trygroupingpieceswiththesamecoloursordesignbecausetheywillprobablygointhesameareaoncethepuzzletakesshape.
13Thosepiecesareeasiertofindbecausetheyhaveastraightside.Staypatientasyousearchthroughandtrytomakeitfittogether.Youmaynotfindanyconnectingpiecesforagesbutthenseveralmaysuddenlyappear.
Forarealtest,puzzlesthathave1,000piecesormoreareatoughtaskandit’sbesttocompletethemwithfriendsorfamilyifyoucan.Choosingascenethatinterestsyou,suchasafavouritefilm,sportorlocation,canhelpkeepyouinterestedanddeterminedtoworktothefinalpiece.Youcangetfuneducationalpuzzles,too.14
Someofthebestplacestopickuppuzzlesarecharityshops.They’reoftenonsaleforlessthan€5.Onceyouhavecompletedapuzzleit’snicetoexchangeitwithafriend.15Youjustuploadanimage,suchasafamilyscene,andtheywillmakeapuzzlefromitandpostittoyou.Itmakeslovelyandunusualpresent.
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