Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsounds,asmostanimalsdo.Instead,plantsProducevolatilecompounds,chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.Aflower’ssweetsmell,forexample,comesfromvolatilecompoundsthattheplantproducestoattractinsectssuchasBugsandbees.
Plantscanalsodetectvolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.AtreeunderattackbyHungryinsets,forinstance,maygiveoffvolatilecompoundsthatletothertreesknowabouttheAttack.Inresponse,theothertreesmaysendoffchemicalstokeepthebugsaway——orevenChemicalsthatattractthebugs’naturalenemies.
Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalSensor（传感器）calledanelectronicnose.The“e-nose”cantellcompoundsthatcropplantsmakeWhenthey’reattackedScientistssaythee-nosecouldhelpquicklydetectwhetherplantsarebeingEatenbyinsects.ButtodaytheonlywaytodetectsuchinsectsistovisuallyinspectindividualPlants.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhouses,enclosedgardensthancanhouseThousandsofplants.
Theresearchteamworkedwithane-nosethanrecognizesvolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice,13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompoundsBasedontheseinteractions,thee-nosegivesoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistsanalyzeusingcomputersoftware.
Totestthenose,theteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumber,pepperandtomatoplants,allcommongreenhousecrops.Thenscientistscollectedsamplesofairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop,Theseplantshadbeendamagedbyinsects,orbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch（打孔器）.Thee-nose,itturnsout,couldidentifyhealthycucumber,pepperandtomatoplantsbasedonThevolatilecompoundstheyproduce,Itcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamaged.Butevenmoreimpressive,thedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage----byinsectsorwithaholePunch----hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.
Withsomefine-tuning,adevicelikethee-nosecouldonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugs,theresearcherssay.Adevicelikethiscouldalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeat,saysNataliaDudareva,abiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayette,Ind.whostudiessmellsofflowersandplants.Hopefully,scientistsbelieve,thedevicecouldbringlargebenefitstogreenhousemanagersinthenearfuture.
Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby____.
A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleaves
C.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals
Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutifthee-noseworked
A.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops.
B.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevice.
C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.
D.Theymadetestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.
Accordingtothewriter,themostamazingthingaboutthee-noseisthatitcan___.
A.pickoutripefruits
B.spottheinsectsquickly
C.distinguishdifferentdamagestotheleaves
D.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves
Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthee-nose_____.
A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowers
B.isnotyetusedingreenhouses
C.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdue
D.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulinsects
1.What'sthebesttitleforthistext
A．Waysforfutureshopping
B．Influenceofnewtechnology
C．Inventionstochangehabits
D．Anewtime-travelingmachine
2.AccordingtoParagraph2,TheeBayFashioniPhoneappcan_____．
A．makevividpicturesofourface
B．helpussellmoreclothesonline
C．createusavirtualdressingroom
D．choosesuitableeyeglassesforus
3.Whichofthefollowingcangetthemostaccurateshapeofourbody
A．ObjectRecognitionScanner．
B．TheeBayFashioniPhoneapp．
C．3Dscanningtechnology．
D．MicrosoftKinect-enabledcarts．
4.TheObjectRecognitionScannercanidentifyaproductmorequicklyby____．
A．thecustomer'svoice
B．itsshapeandcolor
C．thecustomer'smovement
D．thebarcodeonit
5.Whatcanweinferfromthistext
A．Checkoutcounterswilldisappearfromsupermarketsinfuture．
B．BuyerscanuseScanIttogoaroundthesupermarketbythemselves．
C．High-techshoppingcartswillbewidelyusedinmallsandsupermarkets．
D．Thenewtechnologiesareonlydreamsthatareimpossibletocometrue．
HaveyoulistenedtomusiconaniPodUsedacomputerathomeThosearejusttwoofthewaysyourlifewastouchedbytheworkofSteveJobs.
Jobs,onefounderofAppleComputers,diedonWednesday,October5,2011attheageof56.Hehadbeenfightingwithcancersince2004.
StevenJobswasborninLosAltos,California.Heandhischildhoodfriend,SteveWozniak,designedandbuiltthefirstApplecomputerinhisparents’garageinthe1970s.TheAppleII,builtwhenJobswasjust21yearsold,wasthefirstpersonalcomputertobewidelysoldtothepublic.
StevenJobsdidn’tstopthere.Hewentontoinventmoredevices(设备)thatallowedpeopletobringtheirowncreativitytocomputing:theMacintosh,theiPod,theiPhone,theiPad.Peoplefoundhisproductsbeautifulandeasytouse.
Jobsalsochangedthemusicandfilmindustries.HestartedPixar,afilmproductioncompanyin1986.ToyStorywastheworld’sfirstcomputer-animatedfeaturefilm(电脑动画电影).
“StevewasamongthegreatestofAmericaninnovators—braveenoughtothinkdifferently,confidentenoughtobelievehecouldchangetheworld,andcleverenoughtodoit,”saidPresidentBarackObama.“BymakingcomputerspersonalandputtingtheInternetinourpockets,hemadetheinformationrevolutionnotonlyeasytoreach,butfun...AndtheremaybenogreaterpraisetoSteve’ssuccessthanthefactthatmuchoftheworldlearnedofhisdeathonadeviceheinvented.”
Allaroundtheworld,peoplearetalkingabouttheeffectsthatJobs’creationshavehad.Bycreatingproductsthatsurprisedpeople,hechangedthewaypeopleworkedandlivedtheireverydaylives.
1.WhichofthefollowingaboutSteveJobsisNOTtrue
A．HewasborninCaliforniain1955.
B．HebuilttheAppleIIin1970.
C．Hesetupafilmproductioncompanyat31.
D．Hewasfoundtosufferfromcancerat49.
2.Theunderlinedword“innovators”inParagraph6couldbestbereplacedby_____.
A．inventorsB．businessmenC．producersD．founders
3.AccordingtoBarackObama,thehighestpraiseforSteveJobsisthat_____.
A．hisproductsarewidelyusedallovertheworld
B．hisproductsarethoughttobebeautifulandeasytouse
C．peopleallovertheworldaresadathisdeath
D．peoplelearnedabouthisdeathfromhisproducts
4.Jobschangedthewayweworkandliveby_____.
A．buildingthefirstpersonalcomputer
B．makingcomputer-animatedfeaturefilms
C．developingthemusicindustry
D．creatingsurprisingproducts
Nowadays,acellphoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI'mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.
Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfinite(无限的）applications.Virtuallyinanypublicspace.
Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan'twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.
So,acellphone.Anycellphone.Justpickitup.Don'tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoavoid.
Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:
"Yes,I'mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What'sthatYes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere."
Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassing,nodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothematalatertime,pointtoyourphone,shrugandmoveon.
Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you'dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.
Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,soIcontinuedfakefoningwithmydoctor."SoIdon'tneedtheoperationOh,doctor,thatisthebestnews."
Andthen:Brrrrrrng!Brrrrrmg!Brrrrrmg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped."Whatisthematterwiththisthing"Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomyear.
"HelloAreyoustillthere"Oops.
1.AccordingtothepassageFakeFoningis_______________________.
A．astrategytoavoidpeopleB．adevicenewlyproduced
C．aserviceprovidedeverywhereD．askillofcommunication
2.Intheauthor'sopinion,inordertomakefakefoninglookrealonehasto__________________.
A．talkaboutinterestingmattersB．behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby
C．holdthephonewhilewalkingD．appearabsorbedinconversation
3.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow
A．Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone'sdoctor.
B．Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.
C．Fakefoningmaynotcheatpeople.
D．Fakefoningisalwaysquitesuccessful.
4.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor___________________.