关键词：房地产泡沫；泡沫破裂；经济危机；政治危机；社会危机
一、房地产泡沫破裂诱发经济危机
(一)生产萎缩
(二)消费锐减
(三)经济增速下降
二、房地产泡沫破裂还可能引发政治和社会危机
香港房地产泡沫破灭亦同样令百业萧条，失业率上升，但香港的经济基础较坚稳，社会福利保障亦较其它东南亚国家完善，尽管民怨日深，但始终没有造成太大的社会动荡。在图4为由1997年4月至2005年3月香港私人住宅售价指数与特首董建华的支特度走趋比较，不难发现董建华自出任特首开始，支特度一直下跌，与楼价走势相似，但波动幅度较细，支特度长期在50以下，而2003年7月期间更一度跌至40以下。
三、总结
readers.TraumatizedbytherapeofSetheandthema-ternalviolation,Hallegraduallyloseshismind.Hisselfhoodshatters.Hesmearedthatbutteronhisface,Sethethinks,becausethemilktheytookfromherisonhismindeventually.Thosecomplexfactorsdrivehiminmentaldisorderasmostmadpeopledo.Even,hedisappearsfromthecommunityforpermanentes-capefromthetrauma,themortalruinratherthanper-manentsafety.
PassivevictimsSurvivingvictims
PaulDisoneoftheenslavedinSweetHome,whereSetheandHalleisenslaved.UnlikeSetheboundingherselfin124afterallhardships,heexpe-riencesmore,combedwithallhardshipsandarduousself-reorganization.
His"tobaccotin"causedbyformertraumaisarousedbyBeloved,wholiterallymanipulateshim,makinghimphysicallyrestlessandforcinghimtosleepwithherintheshedoutsidethehouse.ThoughPaulD'shatredforBelovedneverceases,theirstrange,dreamlikesexualencountersopenthelidofhis"tobaccotin"heart,allowinghimtoremember,feel,andloveagain.ThetraumaticawakingplaysaroleagainwhenhetemporarilyretreatsafterlearningSethemurderingherchild."Hemustworkoutofaconditionofpsychicfragmentation——hisselfhoodhasbeenseverelyimpaired,hisstatusasahumansubjectdeniedbytheslaveculture".
Attheverybeginning,BelovedandDenverloveeachotherlikeaunion.WhenthetruththatBelovedistheghostofDenver'sdeadsisterisrevealed,theydenieseachotherfortheirdesireforthesamemother.Thesenseofenvyisalsopre-Oedipalcomplex.Underthecircumstance,sister-hoodgiveswaytomother-hood.
Paradoxically,Beloved'sdesireformotherisvengefulduetohertraumaofbeingkilledbyherownmother.ShemakeseffortstotorturesSethementallyaspossibleasshecan.TheinteractionbetweenBelovedandSetheistenseandvulnerableliketheenduranceofachord.OnceSethereciprocatesBeloved'sviolentpassionforher,thetwobecomelockedinadestruc-tive,exclusive,parasiticrelationship.
Sometimes,Belovedbecomesextremelymalevo-lent.ThesceneinwhichshealmoststranglesSethe,anactthatmirrorsthewayhermotherpreviouslysawedthroughherthroat,suggestsherextremehatredonSethe.Herrevengeispracticedbyherviolenceandviciousness:sheseduceshermother'slover(PaulD)andattacksSethe'sdog,herhouse,andSetheherself.Becausemotheranddaughterhavebecomeindistin-guishablebyherwretcheddemands,inwhichSethebecomesemaciatedwhileshebecomesfat,herattackonSetheiseffectivelyaformofself-destructionatthesametimesheruinsSethefiercely.Bytheway,herresentmentwillbeeasedlittle.Hervengefuldesireissopoignantthatthatallareruinedwon'tsatisfyher.Sheisacursedghost,whoisnotonlycursedbutalsocursesthewhole.124isherconsiderableplace,whereeverythingisarrangedforherresentment.Hertraumaseemsincurablebecauseitisfrequentlydepositedandincreasedforeverlikeinanition.
MorefortunatethanBeloved,Setheisstillcur-ablealthoughsheisalmostruinedbythehardshipsofslavery.Whatsheexperiencesisthepurgatorialsuffer-ing,themostseverepaininlife.
Inthehardshipsofslavery,unwillingtorelin-quishherchildrentothephysical,emotional,andspir-itualtraumashehasenduredasaslave,shesuccess-fullymurdersoneofherchildren,whichsheconsidersasanactofmother'sloveandprotection.Actually,thedeedistheextremeofmother'sdevotiontoherbaby,whichsherepeatsandemphasizesforseveraltimesinfrontofothers.Herextremeisoneoftenden-cypeoplearelikelytohavewhentheyareintheposi-tionofpossessionandlosing.Sheconsidersherbabyasonepartofherself,thebeautifulpart,whichshehasrighttodispose.Inthehardesttime,thetimeofdespair,shedesperatelydecidesthebaby'sdestina-tionbymurderinghercruelly.Theextremecrueltylingersonhermindasatraumainherlatterlifeaftertheendoftheslavery.Afterwards,Sethe'sbehaviorbecomespurgatorial.Sheenclosesherselfin124,whereshecanregretforhercrueltyofmurderingherbaby.Sheisunabletotellanyoneaboutherpastandsheistotallyenslavedbyit.
Sheisbrokendownandalsocuredwhenshebe-comeshysteriainstrugglewithhertrauma,whichisunintentionallytreatedwhilesheisforcedbyBelovedtorecalltheunendurablepast——storiesaboutherownfeelingsofabandonmentbyhermother,abouttheharshestindignitiesshesufferedatSweetHome,andabouthermotivationsformurderingherdaughter.Herhysteriaisconfirmedbyheractionsintheexorcismscene,wheresheattackstheliberalwhiteman,Ed-wardBodwin.FreudandBreuerproposedthathysteri-calsymptomsdisappearwhenthememoryofthedis-turbingeventthatfirstprovokedsymptomsisrecalledandtheaffectoftraumaisaroused.Curecomesthroughthereproductionoftheprimalsceneoftrau-ma,whichcreatesanopportunityforrevisionofthepsychiceventsthatcausetheprimaltrauma.
SethetryingtokillBodwinsymbolicallyconsti-tutesarestagingofhertrauma:thedeathofherdaughter.BodwinapproachesthehousetocollectDen-verforworkinthesamewaythatschoolteacherap-proachedtorecapturehisslaves.Butthistime,Sethechoosesadifferentcourseofaction.Insteadoftryingtoprotectherchildrenbykillingthem,shefliesatBodwinwithanicepick.Forthefirsttime,herprotestisdirectedoutwardtowardthesourceofoppression,representedbyBodwin(whostandsforschoolteacher),ratherthantakingtheformofself-destructionofmur-deringherownchildrenlasttime.AtthatmomentBeloveddisappears.Sheisalsoreleasedandsavedbymother'shysteriaandherdesperateresponsetothesametrauma,whichthemotherandthedaughtershareforsolong.
OnlywhenSethelearnstoconfrontthepasthead-on,toassertherselfinitspresence,canshelib-eratesherselffromitsoppressivepowerandbegintolivefreely,peacefully,andresponsiblyinthepresent.Aftertheclimax,SetheisextremelyexhaustedwhilePaulDeventuallyreturnstothehouse.Whensheliesinbed,PaulDgivesherhope,gentlytouchingherface:"Meandyou,wegotmoreyesterdaythanany-body…Weneedsomekindoftomorrow.""'Youyourbestthing,Sethe.Youare.'Hisholdingfingersareholdinghers.'MeMe"AlthoughSetheisunsureaboutherself,shebeginstorecognizethatsheherselfmaybethecenterofherlife,ratherthanthepassingbabyorthepastgoneby.SheisforgivennotonlybyPaulDbutalsobythecirclesofblacks,whoarealsothevictimsofslavery.HerdesireandPaulD'sareunlockedtoenvisionthefreshfutureforthem.Inasense,theybringoneanotherbacktolife.Theircon-solingpower,whichliesinthemutualityoftheinnerexperienceandsufferingafterallthetrauma,leadsthecharacterstonirvana,thefocusfromthetraumaticpasttothepresentunderway.
Asthedemonstrationabove,peoplerespondtotraumadistinctivelyanddeservevariouseffects."Thehardshipshavedeeprepercussionsintheinspanidual'sinternalworldsothatevenifoneiseventuallyfreedfromexternalbondage,theselfwillstillbetrappedinaninnerworldthatpreventsagenuineexperienceoffreedom."Ifonecansavethemselvesoutoftheinnerillusionofbondageandfacetherealitydespitethetraumaticpastand,themortaltraumawillbeerased,nirvanabeyondthetrauma.