Common/English/English-AmericanLaw(Legal)System/Family普通法系
-caselawsystem-Anglo-Saxoncase-lawsystem-Anglo-Americanlegalsystem
Continental/Roman/CivilLaw(Legal)System/Family大陆法系
-civilianlegalsystem-civil-lawsystem
2、civillaw民法、国内法、罗马法、大陆法
3、substantiveLaw（实体法）VSproceduralLaw（程序法）
4、caselaw（案例法）vs.statutorylaw（成文法）
statutory/written/codified/enactedlaw制定法、成文法
5、adversarytrialsystem（对抗制）vs.inquisitorialsystem（纠问制）
6、jurytrialsystem陪审团制度
7、ThereportsoftheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt联邦最高法院判例汇编
ThereportsofsomeStates州法院判例汇编
8、legalcases法律案例
9、privatelawand/vs.publiclaw
10、thestatutorylawcontinuestobesubjecttobindinginterpretationthroughcaselaw
（其成文法继续适用通过判例法(注：即先例)进行的有约束力的解释）
11、Commonlaw(innarrowsense):
-commongenerallaw
-locallaw
-itinerantjudgesoftheEnglishroyalcourt
-enforcementofaclaim
-specialformofaction:writ
-classicalRomanlaw
-ProvisionsofOxford(1258)牛津条例
-“writuponthecase”本案令状
12、enforcement强制执行；claim请求；action诉讼行为；writ法院令状；recourse追索权；追索，追偿
13、Equitylaw衡平法
-“equity”——doingequity
-chancellor
-relief救济
-judiciary
-CourtofChancery（衡平法院）and/vs.ordinarycommonlawcourts
-maxim
-fixed,inflexible
-equitabledoctrines(e.g.lawofsalvageatsea)
-Inaconflictbetweenlaw&equity,equityshouldprevail.
14、award
compensatory,compensate
damages
specificperformance特定履行|实际履行
injunction强制令
real/immoveableproperty（不动产）and/vs.personal/moveableproperty（动产）
15、commonlawremedy/relief:普通法救济
-(compensatory)damages金钱赔偿
16、equity/equitableremedies/relief:衡平法救济
-injunction(atemporaryorfinalordertodoornottodoaspecificact)强制令
-specificperformance(apartytoanagreementisorderedbythecourttoperformhisobligationsaccordingtothetermsoftheagreement)
-restitution
17、judicial
express（明示）vs.implied（默示）
provision,provide
jurisdiction管辖区域,法域;(司法）管辖权
civilsuit民事诉讼
title
thelawofproperty财产法
beforethejudge在法庭上
17、apply/applicable/available适用于
besubjectto受。。。。的约束
●ThiscaseissubjecttoChineselaw.
受……约束，引申为适用
●Chineselawapplies/isapplicableto/isavailabletothiscase.
适用于
18、precedent先例
judge-madelaw法官制定的法律
makethelaw制定法律
usage
term
connote/mean
incontrastto,ascontrastedwith
subjectmatter标的
19、Twoparallelcourtsystems(DoubleTracksystem)双轨制
●FederalCourtSystem联邦法院系统
-U.S./FederalDistrictCourt联邦地区法院
-U.S./FederalCourtofAppeals联邦上诉法院
-U.S./FederalSupremeCourt联邦最高法院
●StateCourtSystem州法院系统
-Trial/circuitCourt审判法院|巡回法院
-StateAppellateCourt(CourtofAppeals)上诉法院
-StateSupremeCourt最高法院
20、Separationofpowers
-Legislativebranch:Congress
-Executivebranch:President
-Judicialbranch:Courts
ChecksandBalances
JudicialReview
-theabilityofacourttodecideontheconstitutionalityoflegislation